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Yttrium(III) oxide

Names
IUPAC name Yttrium(III) oxide.
Other names Yttria, diyttrium trioxide, yttrium sesquioxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1314-36-9
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.849
RTECS number	ZG3850000
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5051573
Properties
Chemical formula	Y2O3
Molar mass	225.81 g/mol
Appearance	White solid.
Density	5.010 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	2425 °C
Boiling point	4300 °C
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility in alcohol acid	soluble
Structure
Crystal structure	Cubic (bixbyite), cI80
Space group	Ia-3, No. 206
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
Related compounds
Other cations	Scandium(III) oxide, Lanthanum(III) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Y verify (what is  ?) Infobox references

Yttrium oxide is Y₂O₃. It is an air-stable, white solid substance. Yttrium oxide is used as a common starting material for both materials science as well as inorganic compounds.

Uses

Materials science

It is the most important yttrium compound and is widely used to make YVO₄ europium and Y₂O₃ europium phosphors that give the red color in color TV picture tubes. Yttrium oxide is also used to make yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters.

Y₂O₃ is used to make the high temperature superconductor YBa₂Cu₃O₇, known as "1-2-3" to indicate the ratio of the metal constituents:

2 Y₂O₃ + 8 BaO + 12 CuO + O₂ → 4 YBa₂Cu₃O₇

This synthesis is typically conducted at 800 °C.

The thermal conductivity of yttrium oxide is 27 W/(m·K).

Inorganic synthesis

Yttrium oxide is an important starting point for inorganic compounds. For organometallic chemistry it is converted to YCl₃ in a reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride.

Lasers

Y₂O₃ ceramics is a prospective solid-state laser material. In particular, lasers with ytterbium as dopant allow the efficient operation both in cw operation and in pulsed regimes. At high concentration of excitations (of order of 1%) and poor cooling, the quenching of emission at laser frequency and avalanche broadband emission takes place.

References

1. Yong-Nian Xu; Zhong-quan Gu; W. Y. Ching (1997). "Electronic, structural, and optical properties of crystalline yttria". Phys. Rev. B56 (23): 14993–15000. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.56.14993.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
2. P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft (1967). "Thermal conductivity , Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y₂O₃, Y₃Al₅O₁₂, and LaF₃ in the Range 77-300 K". J. Appl. Phys. 38 (4): 1603. doi:10.1063/1.1709730.
3. J. Kong (2005). "9.2-W diode-pumped Yb:Y₂O₃ ceramic laser". Applied Physics Letters. 86 (16): 161116. Bibcode:2005ApPhL..86p1116K. doi:10.1063/1.1914958. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
4. M.Tokurakawa (2007). "Diode-pumped 188 fs mode-locked Yb:Y₂O₃ ceramic laser". Appl.Phys.Lett. 90 (7): 071101. Bibcode:2007ApPhL..90g1101T. doi:10.1063/1.2476385. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
5. J.-F.Bisson (2007). "Switching of emissivity and photoconductivity in highly doped Yb:Y₂O₃ and Lu₂O₃ ceramics". Appl.Phys.Lett. 90 (20): 201901. Bibcode:2007ApPhL..90t1901B. doi:10.1063/1.2739318. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

External links

• Yttrium oxide information at Webelements (link broken 2011-04-26).
• External MSDS Data Sheet.

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• Oxides
• Sesquioxides
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