| Revision as of 19:13, 27 July 2004 edit69.3.26.194 (talk) →Testimony Troubles the Nation← Previous edit | Revision as of 20:04, 27 July 2004 edit undo165.121.161.17 (talk) revised: Removed POV adjectives, and irrelevant info (i.e.; several names mentioned that had zero connection to the Winter Soldier Investigation - Mazione, Osborn, Reitemeyer, Cohn, Harbert ...Next edit → | ||
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| The '''Winter Soldier Investigation''', took place in ], ], on ]-], ]. An activity of the ], it was presented as an assembly of 109 ] Veterans giving detailed testimony to specific ] by the ] in ] during the years of ]-]. The soldiers' testimony often overlaps, which if true would have exposed a pattern of ] against the Vietnamese people. According to ''Stolen Valor'', the investigation has been thoroughly discredited, while the VVAW maintains the validity of all accounts and participants except Al Hubbard. ] helped raise funds for the event, and organizers included ], ], ], ], and ]. | The '''Winter Soldier Investigation''', took place in ], ], on ]-], ]. An activity of the ], it was presented as an assembly of 109 ] Veterans and 16 civilians giving detailed testimony to specific ] by the ] in ] during the years of ]-]. The soldiers' testimony often overlaps, which if true would have exposed a pattern of ] against the Vietnamese people. According to ''Stolen Valor'', the investigation has been thoroughly discredited, while the VVAW maintains the validity of all accounts and participants except Al Hubbard. ] helped raise funds for the event, and organizers included ], ], ], ], and ]. | ||
| <!-- assembly of 109: VVAW says that number in 2004: http://www.vvaw.org/commentary/?id=404 --> | <!-- assembly of 109: VVAW says that number in 2004: http://www.vvaw.org/commentary/?id=404 --> | ||
| Future Senator ], then a decorated lieutenant in the Naval Reserve (inactive status), would shortly thereafter testify before the American Congress to the general conclusions gathered in Detroit. At '''Winter Soldier''', Kerry interviewed participants before they were presented by moderator ]. | Future Senator ], then a decorated lieutenant in the Naval Reserve (inactive status), would shortly thereafter testify before the American Congress to the general conclusions gathered in Detroit. At '''Winter Soldier''', Kerry interviewed some of the participants before they were presented by moderator ]. | ||
| Sen. ] of ] entered the '''Winter Soldier''' transcripts into the Congressional Record and asked the commandant of the ] for an investigation. Investigators were unable to confirm the claimed atrocities, identified |
Sen. ] of ] entered the '''Winter Soldier''' transcripts into the Congressional Record and asked the commandant of the ] for an investigation. Investigators were unable to confirm or deny the claimed atrocities, but identified one organizer (Al Hubbard) as never being in combat. ] in ''America in Vietnam'' says "The results of this investigation, carried out by the Naval Investigative Service are interesting and revealing ... Many of the veterans, although assured that they would not be questioned about atrocities they might have committed personally, refused to be interviewed. One of the active members of the VVAW told investigators that the leadership had directed the entire membership not to cooperate with military authorities." | ||
| ==Testimony Troubles the Nation== | ==Testimony Troubles the Nation== | ||
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| * Lawyer and activist Mark Lane was one of the organizers of '''Winter Soldier'''. In 1970, Lane had published a book called ''Conversations With Americans'' purporting to be interviews with Vietnam veterans about war crimes, containing atrocious Vietnam tales. Reporter ] showed some interviewed in Lane's book had never served in Vietnam and others had not been in the situations they described. Lane admitted he did not check military records, as confirmation of details was not relevant. Lane later confirmed these militarty records. <!-- http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/smearing.htm --> | * Lawyer and activist Mark Lane was one of the organizers of '''Winter Soldier'''. In 1970, Lane had published a book called ''Conversations With Americans'' purporting to be interviews with Vietnam veterans about war crimes, containing atrocious Vietnam tales. Reporter ] showed some interviewed in Lane's book had never served in Vietnam and others had not been in the situations they described. Lane admitted he did not check military records, as confirmation of details was not relevant. Lane later confirmed these militarty records. <!-- http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/smearing.htm --> | ||
| ** The following are often falsely listed as being participants in '''Winter Soldier''', but were actually in Lane's book instead. This is probably due to ''Stolen Valor'' having an explanation of Lane's history within the section on '''Winter Soldier'''. | ** The following are often falsely listed as being participants in '''Winter Soldier''', but were actually in Lane's book instead. This confusion is probably due to ''Stolen Valor'' having an explanation of Lane's history within the section on '''Winter Soldier'''. | ||
| *** Chuck Onan, stock room clerk in Beaufort, S.C. | *** Chuck Onan, stock room clerk in Beaufort, S.C. | ||
| *** Michael Schneider, deserted in Europe and deserted again in the USA. | *** Michael Schneider, deserted in Europe and deserted again in the USA. | ||
| *** Terry Whitmore, was in an unpopulated area of Vietnam. | *** Terry Whitmore, was in an unpopulated area of Vietnam. | ||
| *** Garry Gianninoto, medical corpsman at battalion headquarters. | *** Garry Gianninoto, medical corpsman at battalion headquarters. | ||
| * | * | ||
| ⚫ | ** VVAW leader and '''Winter Soldier''' co-organizer Al Hubbard lied about being an officer, Vietnam Veteran, and sustaining war injuries - but he never testified at '''Winter Soldier''' . | ||
| ** Elton Mazione, falsely claiming Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) credentials, along with his friends, John Laboon, Eddie Swetz, and Kenneth Van Lesser. They claimed to kill children and remove body parts as part of the notorious Phoenix program. They were neither in Phoenix nor in Vietnam nor did they testify at Winter Soldier. | |||
| ⚫ | ** VVAW leader and '''Winter Soldier''' organizer Al Hubbard lied about being an officer, Vietnam Veteran, and sustaining war injuries - but he never testified at '''Winter Soldier''' . | ||
| ** Michael Harbert, another VVAW member, exaggerated his Vietnam service, but never testified. | |||
| ** Groups other than VVAW relied upon less reliable sources like: | |||
| *** K. Barton Osborn, a Vietnam veteran and testifier of atrocities to Congress. He told of prisoners being thrown out of helicopters, a woman starved to death, a prisoner being killed by a six inch dowel pushed through his ear. Osborn was not in Phoenix, refused to name names, and provided no documentation. | |||
| *** Lieutenants Francis Reitemeyer and Michael J. Cohn. Both sought conscientious objector status because of Phoenix. Reitemeyer testified to being assigned to Phoenix as an adviser and maintain a kill quota of fifty bodies a month. They became famous as My Lai hit the news. Neither served in Vietnam, or in Phoenix. Reitemeyer later denied receiving any assassination training. | |||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Revision as of 20:04, 27 July 2004
The Winter Soldier Investigation, took place in Detroit, Michigan, on January 31-February 2, 1971. An activity of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War, it was presented as an assembly of 109 Vietnam War Veterans and 16 civilians giving detailed testimony to specific crimes against humanity by the United States in Vietnam during the years of 1963-1970. The soldiers' testimony often overlaps, which if true would have exposed a pattern of atrocities against the Vietnamese people. According to Stolen Valor, the investigation has been thoroughly discredited, while the VVAW maintains the validity of all accounts and participants except Al Hubbard. Jane Fonda helped raise funds for the event, and organizers included Dick Gregory, Phil Ochs, Graham Nash, David Crosby, and Donald Sutherland.
Future Senator John Kerry, then a decorated lieutenant in the Naval Reserve (inactive status), would shortly thereafter testify before the American Congress to the general conclusions gathered in Detroit. At Winter Soldier, Kerry interviewed some of the participants before they were presented by moderator Al Hubbard.
Sen. Mark Hatfield of Oregon entered the Winter Soldier transcripts into the Congressional Record and asked the commandant of the Marine Corps for an investigation. Investigators were unable to confirm or deny the claimed atrocities, but identified one organizer (Al Hubbard) as never being in combat. Guenter Lewy in America in Vietnam says "The results of this investigation, carried out by the Naval Investigative Service are interesting and revealing ... Many of the veterans, although assured that they would not be questioned about atrocities they might have committed personally, refused to be interviewed. One of the active members of the VVAW told investigators that the leadership had directed the entire membership not to cooperate with military authorities."
Testimony Troubles the Nation
The February 2, 1971, Detroit Free Press interviewed two other soldiers in James Weber's unit who confirmed his statements about a white phosphorous artillery attack on a village, and had photos of a nearby large arms cache uncovered in the village. The Pentagon confirmed that Weber and one of the other soldiers were Vietnam veterans.
Phony Vietnam veterans alleged in books
Guenter Lewy's 1978 book America in Vietnam (pages 316-317) and B.G. Burkett and Glenna Whitley's Stolen Valor (Verity Press, Inc., Dallas, Texas)(pages 113, 131-137) contain similar information about alleged flaws in testimony and participants.
- Lawyer and activist Mark Lane was one of the organizers of Winter Soldier. In 1970, Lane had published a book called Conversations With Americans purporting to be interviews with Vietnam veterans about war crimes, containing atrocious Vietnam tales. Reporter Neil Sheehan showed some interviewed in Lane's book had never served in Vietnam and others had not been in the situations they described. Lane admitted he did not check military records, as confirmation of details was not relevant. Lane later confirmed these militarty records.
- The following are often falsely listed as being participants in Winter Soldier, but were actually in Lane's book instead. This confusion is probably due to Stolen Valor having an explanation of Lane's history within the section on Winter Soldier.
- Chuck Onan, stock room clerk in Beaufort, S.C.
- Michael Schneider, deserted in Europe and deserted again in the USA.
- Terry Whitmore, was in an unpopulated area of Vietnam.
- Garry Gianninoto, medical corpsman at battalion headquarters.
- The following are often falsely listed as being participants in Winter Soldier, but were actually in Lane's book instead. This confusion is probably due to Stolen Valor having an explanation of Lane's history within the section on Winter Soldier.
- John Forbes Kerry and the Anti-War Movement
- VVAW leader and Winter Soldier co-organizer Al Hubbard lied about being an officer, Vietnam Veteran, and sustaining war injuries - but he never testified at Winter Soldier .
External links
- VVAW Archives The truth behind "Stolen Valor"
- Winter Soldier Investigation Sixties project archive
- Wintersoldier.com - critical examination
- FBI VVAW file during Winter Soldier (18 megabyte PDF file)
Books
- Burkett, B. G. & Whitley, Glenna (1998). Stolen Valor : How the Vietnam Generation Was Robbed of Its Heroes and Its History. Dallas: Verity Press Inc. ISBN 096670360X.