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| '''Warmia''' (German '' |
'''Warmia''' (''German '' Ermeland or Ermland) a region between ] and ] in northern ]. Together with Mazuria it forms the ] region. | ||
| Warmia was one of the four dioceses into which ] was divided in (1242) by the papal legate ]. The other dioceses, under the archbishop of ], were ], ] and ]. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric. One of its most notable bishops was Enea Silvio Piccolomini, later ]. | Warmia was one of the four dioceses into which ] was divided in (1242) by the papal legate ]. The other dioceses, under the archbishop of ], were ], ] and ]. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric. One of its most notable bishops was Enea Silvio Piccolomini, later ]. | ||
Revision as of 13:15, 10 April 2002
Warmia (German Ermeland or Ermland) a region between Pomerania and Masuria in northern Poland. Together with Mazuria it forms the Warminsko-Mazurskie region.
Warmia was one of the four dioceses into which Prussia was divided in (1242) by the papal legate William of Modena. The other dioceses, under the archbishop of Riga, were Culmer Land, Pomesania and Samland. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric. One of its most notable bishops was Enea Silvio Piccolomini, later Pope Pius II.
Warmia's most famous citizens were the family members of Lucas Watzenrode or Watzelrode, who was bishop of Warmia and who raised and educated his nephews Nicolaus and Andreas Copernicus following their father's death.
In 1755 the imperial mapmaker of Elbing Johann Friedrich Endersch completed work on a beautiful map of Ermland or Varmia. It details all surrounding towns.
Located in a region marked by the frequently changing boundaries between Prussia and Poland, Warmia passed with much of western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the second Treaty of Thorn in 1466. In 1772, it was annexed by the kingdom of Prussia in the first , and became a part of the Province of East Prussia in 1919. It was overrun by Soviet troops and annexed to Poland in 1945.
The Second World War saw the killing and expulsion of a large number of the resident population, including clergy, by Polish and Soviet troops. A monument memorializing the dead was erected in September 2001. This memorial is located near Olszyn (Ger. Allenstein). The dedication was attended by Polish army honor guard, the wife of the prime minister of Poland, Jerzy Buzek, church officials and the murdered priests' family members, and former residents, now living in Germany, who had been expelled during and shortly after the War.
External Links
- Memorial website, listing names of the dead: ]
- External link to Endersch's map: ]