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| == Administration and economy == | |||
| The ] formally established its claim to Heard Island in 1910, marked by the raising of the Union Jack and the erection of a beacon by Captain Evensen, master of the Mangoro. Effective government, administration and control of Heard | |||
| Island and the McDonald Islands was transferred to the Australian government on 26 December 1947 at the commencement of the first Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE) to Heard Island, with a formal declaration that took | |||
| place at Atlas Cove. The transfer was confirmed by an exchange of letters between the two governments on 19 December 1950. | |||
| The islands are a territory (Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands) of Australia administered from ] by the ] of the Australian ]. They are populated by large numbers of ] and bird species. The islands are contained within a {{convert|65000|km2|sqmi|adj=on}} marine reserve and are primarily visited for research. There is no permanent human habitation.<ref name="CIA World Factbook."/> | |||
| From 1947 until 1955 there were camps of visiting scientists on Heard Island (at ] in the northwest, which was in 1969 again occupied by American scientists and expanded in 1971 by French scientists) and in 1971 on McDonald Island (at ]). Later expeditions used a temporary base at ] in the east, such as in 1988, 1992–93 and 2004–05. | |||
| With no population, there is no indigenous economic activity. The islands' only natural resource is fish; the Australian government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters.<ref>''CIA World Factbook.</ref> Despite the lack of population, the islands have been assigned the ] HM in ] (]) and therefore the Internet ] ]. The timezone of the islands is UTC+5.<ref></ref> | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
Revision as of 23:52, 12 May 2013
| Nickname: HIMI | |
|---|---|
| Geography | |
| Location | Indian Ocean |
| Coordinates | 53°06′00″S 73°31′00″E / 53.10000°S 73.51667°E / -53.10000; 73.51667 |
| Archipelago | Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
| Area | 368 km (142 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 2,745 m (9006 ft) |
| Administration | |
 Australia | |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
| Pop. density | 0/km (0/sq mi) |
The Heard Island and McDonald Islands (abbreviated as HIMI) are an Australian external territory and volcanic group of barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica. The group's overall size is 372 square kilometres (144 sq mi) in area and it has 101.9 km (63 mi) of coastline. Discovered in the mid-19th century, they have been territories of Australia since 1947 and contain the only two active volcanoes in Australian territory, the summit of one of which, Mawson Peak, is higher than any mountain on the Australian mainland. They lie on the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian Ocean.
The islands are among the most remote places on Earth: They are located approximately 4,099 km (2,547 mi) southwest of Perth, Western Australia, 3,845 km (2,389 mi) southwest of Cape Leeuwin, Australia, 4,200 km (2,600 mi) southeast of South Africa, 3,830 km (2,380 mi) southeast of Madagascar, 1,630 km (1,010 mi) north of Antarctica, and 450 km (280 mi) southeast of Kerguelen. The islands are currently uninhabited.
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See also
- Australia
- Australian Antarctic Territory
- Birds of Heard and McDonald Islands
- Template:Misplaced Pages books link
- Index of Australia-related articles
- List of islands of Australia
- List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands
- Outline of Australia
Notes
- CIA World Factbook. Accessed 2009.01.04.
- Commonwealth of Australia. "About Heard Island – Human Activities". Retrieved 21 October 2006.
- Cocky Flies, Geoscience Australia
- Distance Between Cities Places On Map Distance Calculator
References
- LeMasurier, W. E. (1990). Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans. American Geophysical Union. pp. 512 pp. ISBN 0-87590-172-7.
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Further reading
- Australian Government. (2005) "Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve Management Plan". Australian Antarctic Division: Kingston (Tas). ISBN 1-876934-08-5.
- Green, Ken and Woehler Eric. (2006) Heard Island: Southern Ocean Sentinel. Chipping Norton: Surrey Beatty and Sons.
- Scholes, Arthur. (1949) Fourteen men; story of the Australian Antarctic Expedition to Heard Island. Melbourne: F.W. Cheshire.
- Smith, Jeremy. (1986) Specks in the Southern Ocean. Armidale: University of New England Press. ISBN 0-85834-615-X
External links
- Click here to see a map of Heard Island and McDonald Islands, including all major topographical features
- Heard Island and McDonald Islands official website
- World heritage listing for Heard Island and McDonald Islands
- "Heard Island and McDonald Islands". The World Factbook (2025 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency.
- Template:Dmoz
Wikimedia Atlas of Heard Island and McDonald Islands- Image gallery of Heard Island and McDonald Island with high quality limited copyright images.
- MODIS satellite image, taken 30 September 2004 and showing a von Kármán vortex street in the clouds, caused by Mawson Peak's effect on the wind
- UNESCO World Heritage site entry
- Fan's page with further historical and geographic information and a map
