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| '''Andrew Pickering''' is a sociologist, philosopher and historian of science at the ]. He was a professor of sociology and a director of science and technology studies at the ] until 2007. He holds a doctorate in physics from the ], and a doctorate in Science Studies from the ]. His book ''Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics''{{Ref_label|a|a|none}} is a classic in the field of the ]. |
'''Andrew Pickering''' is a sociologist, philosopher and historian of science at the ]. He was a professor of sociology and a director of science and technology studies at the ] until 2007. He holds a doctorate in physics from the ], and a doctorate in Science Studies from the ]. His book ''Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics''{{Ref_label|a|a|none}} is a classic in the field of the ]. | ||
| In elucidating some of the sociological factors prevailing in particle physics, Pickering also wrote a number of papers for journals and conferences.<ref name=Pickering1981/><ref name=Pickering1983/><ref name=Pickering1984/><ref name=Pickering&Trower1985/> According to Pickering, theory and experiment come in packages, and traditions of experiment generate just the kind of data which will fuel further theorising, while traditions of theory generate new problems for further development.<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> |
In elucidating some of the sociological factors prevailing in particle physics, Pickering also wrote a number of papers for journals and conferences.<ref name=Pickering1981/><ref name=Pickering1983/><ref name=Pickering1984/><ref name=Pickering&Trower1985/> According to Pickering, theory and experiment come in packages, and traditions of experiment generate just the kind of data which will fuel further theorising, while traditions of theory generate new problems for further development.<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> | ||
| Pickering thus described two theoretical frameworks in particle physics: 'old physics' - which at the time of its death, was "still alive"<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> - dominated high energy physics through the 1960s and into the early 1970s, and concerned itself with 'common phenomena'. 'New physics' refers to the theory and experiment 'package' concerned with rare phenomena, such as the search for quarks. While each theoretical framework had little to say about the other, and "was useless in the phenomenal world of its rival",<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> each was satisfactory in its own terms. Despite this, Pickering also outlined a process of "magical transmutation", where new theories are produced from old, by what he called "analogical recycling".<ref name=Pickering1981p11/> Pickering noted that all this is symptomatic of ].<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> | Pickering thus described two theoretical frameworks in particle physics: 'old physics' - which at the time of its death, was "still alive"<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> - dominated high energy physics through the 1960s and into the early 1970s, and concerned itself with 'common phenomena'. 'New physics' refers to the theory and experiment 'package' concerned with rare phenomena, such as the search for quarks. While each theoretical framework had little to say about the other, and "was useless in the phenomenal world of its rival",<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> each was satisfactory in its own terms. Despite this, Pickering also outlined a process of "magical transmutation", where new theories are produced from old, by what he called "analogical recycling".<ref name=Pickering1981p11/> Pickering noted that all this is symptomatic of ].<ref name=Pickering1983p12/> | ||
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| == Selected publications == | == Selected publications == | ||
| * {{citation | |
* {{citation |year=2010 |author=. |title=The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future |place=Chicago |publisher=University of Chicago Press |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=812nOTkxabwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=the+Cybernetic+Brain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Hg1JUdyGGYesiAefp4DICw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA |isbn=978-0-226-66789-8 |accessdate=20 March 2013}} | ||
| *{{citation | |
*{{citation |year=2008 |title=The Mangle in Practice: Science, Society and Becoming |author=Editor with Keith Guzik |place=Durham, NC |publisher=Duke University Press |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=o8JHXnUV2TwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mangle+in+Practice&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TQ5JUcqjN8KmlQW7t4BA&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA |isbn=0822390108 |accessdate=20 March 2013}} | ||
| *{{citation | |
*{{citation |year=2004 |editor=Rayward, W. Boyd & Bowden, Mary Ellen |author=. |chapter=The Science of the Unknowable: Stafford Beer's Cybernetic Informatics |title=The History and Heritage of Scientific and Technological Information Systems |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=76OOQannpBgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=history+heritage+technological&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YgBJUdu9HPGwiQei8oHQCA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAA |chapter-url=http://books.google.com/books?id=76OOQannpBgC&pg=PA29&dq=stafford+beer's+cybernetic&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7P5IUZj2Fa6wiQf-9YHoBw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA |place=Medford, New Jersey |publisher=Information Today, Inc |isbn= |accessdate=19 March 2013}} | ||
| * ''The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science''. University of Chicago Press, 1995. | * ''The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science''. University of Chicago Press, 1995. | ||
| * {{citation | |
* {{citation |year=1984 |author=. |title=Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=D2NXKmZb9BgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=constructing+quarks&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ogdJUZzQFsygigfn8IGACw&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA |place=Chicago |publisher=] |isbn=0-226-66799-5 |accessdate=20 March 2010}} | ||
| * "Elementary Particles: Discovered or Constructed?" in: W. P. Trower and G. Bellini (eds) ''Physics in Collision: High-Energy ee/ep/pp Interactions'', pp. 439–48. New York and London: Plenum, 1982. | * "Elementary Particles: Discovered or Constructed?" in: W. P. Trower and G. Bellini (eds) ''Physics in Collision: High-Energy ee/ep/pp Interactions'', pp. 439–48. New York and London: Plenum, 1982. | ||
| * "Interests and Analogies," in: S. B. Barnes and D. O. Edge (eds.) ''Science in Context: Readings in the Sociology of Science'', pp. 125–46. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1982. | * "Interests and Analogies," in: S. B. Barnes and D. O. Edge (eds.) ''Science in Context: Readings in the Sociology of Science'', pp. 125–46. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1982. | ||
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist|2|refs= |
{{reflist|2|refs= | ||
| <ref name=Dalitz1985>{{citation |author=Dalitz, R.H |authorlink=Richard Dalitz |date=28 March 1985 |title=Fundamental Developments: |journal=Nature |volume=314 |pages=387–388 |doi=10.1038/314387a0 |issue=6009 |bibcode=1985Natur.314..387D}}</ref> | <ref name=Dalitz1985>{{citation |author=Dalitz, R.H |authorlink=Richard Dalitz |date=28 March 1985 |title=Fundamental Developments: |journal=Nature |volume=314 |pages=387–388 |doi=10.1038/314387a0 |issue=6009 |bibcode=1985Natur.314..387D}}</ref> | ||
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Revision as of 05:25, 9 September 2013
Andrew Pickering is a sociologist, philosopher and historian of science at the University of Exeter. He was a professor of sociology and a director of science and technology studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign until 2007. He holds a doctorate in physics from the University of London, and a doctorate in Science Studies from the University of Edinburgh. His book Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics is a classic in the field of the sociology of science.
In elucidating some of the sociological factors prevailing in particle physics, Pickering also wrote a number of papers for journals and conferences. According to Pickering, theory and experiment come in packages, and traditions of experiment generate just the kind of data which will fuel further theorising, while traditions of theory generate new problems for further development.
Pickering thus described two theoretical frameworks in particle physics: 'old physics' - which at the time of its death, was "still alive" - dominated high energy physics through the 1960s and into the early 1970s, and concerned itself with 'common phenomena'. 'New physics' refers to the theory and experiment 'package' concerned with rare phenomena, such as the search for quarks. While each theoretical framework had little to say about the other, and "was useless in the phenomenal world of its rival", each was satisfactory in its own terms. Despite this, Pickering also outlined a process of "magical transmutation", where new theories are produced from old, by what he called "analogical recycling". Pickering noted that all this is symptomatic of Kuhnian type revolutions.
He authored The mangle of practice: Time, agency and science (University of Chicago Press, 1995), where he develops a performative conception of scientific practice, focusing on non-human agency and strongly contributing to the posthumanist trend of Science and Technology Studies. His most recent book, The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future traces the history of British Cybernetics after the Second World War. Pickering considers Cybernetics as a type of nomad science that, instead of seeking to dominate reality as its modern counterpart (thus leading to processes of enframing, following Heidegger) rather develops an ontological theatre between humans and non-humans. In this book, Pickering explores projects that intertwine, for instance, technology, psychiatry, spirituality, education and, of course, brain sciences.
Selected publications
- . (2010), The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-66789-8, retrieved 20 March 2013
{{citation}}:|author=has numeric name (help) - Editor with Keith Guzik (2008), The Mangle in Practice: Science, Society and Becoming, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, ISBN 0822390108, retrieved 20 March 2013
{{citation}}:|author=has generic name (help) - . (2004), "The Science of the Unknowable: Stafford Beer's Cybernetic Informatics", in Rayward, W. Boyd & Bowden, Mary Ellen (ed.), The History and Heritage of Scientific and Technological Information Systems, Medford, New Jersey: Information Today, Inc, retrieved 19 March 2013
{{citation}}:|author=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science. University of Chicago Press, 1995.
- . (1984), Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-66799-5, retrieved 20 March 2010
{{citation}}:|author=has numeric name (help) - "Elementary Particles: Discovered or Constructed?" in: W. P. Trower and G. Bellini (eds) Physics in Collision: High-Energy ee/ep/pp Interactions, pp. 439–48. New York and London: Plenum, 1982.
- "Interests and Analogies," in: S. B. Barnes and D. O. Edge (eds.) Science in Context: Readings in the Sociology of Science, pp. 125–46. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1982.
- "The Hunting of the Quark", Isis, 72 (2): 216–36, June 1981, JSTOR 230970
- "Exemplars and Analogies: A Comment on Crane's Study of Kuhnian Paradigms in High-Energy Physics" and "Reply to Crane," Social Studies of Science, Vol. 10 (1980), 497-502, 507-8.
Notes
a. See Dalitz (1985) for a critical review of this book.
References
- Pickering, Andy (1981), "Elementary Particles: Discovered or Constructed?", Pre-publication copy of article to appear in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Physics in Collision: High Energy ee/ep/pp Interactions, Blacksburg, Virginia, May 28–31, 1981, p. 11 http://www-spires.slac.stanford.edu/spires/find/hep/www?irn=822760
{{citation}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Pickering, Andy (1983), "Producing A World: Transformations Of Experimental Practice In The History Of High-Energy Physics", Paper presented at History of Science Society Mtg., Norwalk, Conn., Oct 27-30, 1983, Maui, Hawaii, p. 12 http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/find/hep/www?r=PRINT-83-1051
{{citation}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Pickering, A.R. (1984), "Against putting the phenomena first: The discovery of the weak neutral current" (PDF), Study of History and Philosophy of Science, 15 (2): 85–117, retrieved 20 March 2013
- Pickering, Andrew R.; Trower, W. Peter (1985), "Some sociological problems of high-energy physics", Nature, 318 (6043): 243–245, Bibcode:1985Natur.318..243P, doi:10.1038/318243a0
- ^ Pickering, Andy (1983), p.12
- Pickering, Andy (1981), p.11
- Dalitz, R.H (28 March 1985), "Fundamental Developments:", Nature, 314 (6009): 387–388, Bibcode:1985Natur.314..387D, doi:10.1038/314387a0
External links
- Home page at the University of Exeter
- Former home page at UIUC
- Ideas radio show, discusses Pickering's views of science and its view in society