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| Cole Sanchez slapped down between two pieces of bread. | |||
| {{Infobox prepared food | |||
| | name = Cuban sandwich | |||
| | image = ] | |||
| | caption = | |||
| | alternate_name = Cuban mix, Cuban pressed sandwich, Cubano, ''mixto'' | |||
| | country = ] | |||
| | region = ] | |||
| | creator = | |||
| | course = | |||
| | type = ] | |||
| | served = | |||
| | main_ingredient = ], ], roasted ], ], ], ], sometimes ] | |||
| | variations = Tampa (w/ salami) <br> South Florida (w/o salami) | |||
| | calories = | |||
| | other = | |||
| }} | |||
| A '''Cuban sandwich''' is a variation of a ] originally created in cafes catering to Cuban workers in the early Cuban immigrant communities of ]: ]<ref name="kw"></ref> and ], ].<ref name="HuseSandwichCity">{{cite web |url= http://www.cigarcitymagazine.com/articles/food/item/welcome-to-cuban-sandwich-city |title= Welcome to Cuban Sandwich City |author= Andrew Huse |work= Cigar City Magazine, Volume 1, Issue 2 }}</ref><ref name="ThreeGuysSandwich">{{cite web |url= http://icuban.com/food/cuban_sandwich.html |title= Sandwich Cubano / Cuban Sandwich |author= ] |work= iCuban website |date= undated }}</ref><ref name="StradleyWhatsCooking" /> Later on, Cuban exiles and expatriates brought it to ]<ref name="StradleyWhatsCooking">{{cite web |url= http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Sandwiches/CubanSandwich.htm |title= History of Cuban Sandwich, Cubano Sandwich |author= Linda Stradley |work= What's Cooking America website |date= 2004 }}</ref> where it is also still very popular. The sandwich is made with ], roasted ], ], ], ], and sometimes ]<ref name="ThreeGuysSandwich"/> on ].<ref name="HuseSandwichCity"/> | |||
| In April 2012, the "Historic Tampa Cuban Sandwich" was designated as the "signature sandwich of the city of Tampa" by Tampa's city council.<ref></ref> | |||
| ==History== | |||
| As with ], the origin of the Cuban sandwich (sometimes called a "Cuban mix", a "''mixto''", a "Cuban pressed sandwich", or a "Cubano"<ref name=autogenerated1></ref>) is murky and somewhat intriguing.<ref name="GreatSandwich">{{cite web |url= http://savannahnow.com/node/721683 |title= Love at first bite: A great sandwich |author= Damon Lee Fowler |work= Savannah Morning News}}</ref><ref></ref> In the late 1800s and early 1900s, travel between Cuba and Florida was easy, especially from Key West and Tampa, and Cubans frequently sailed back and forth for employment, pleasure, and family visits. Because of this constant and largely undocumented movement of people and culture and ideas, it's impossible to say exactly when or where the Cuban sandwich originated.<ref name="HuseSandwichCity"/> | |||
| It is believed by some that the sandwich was a common ] food for workers in both the ] factories and ]s of Cuba (especially in big cities such as ] or ]) and the cigar factories of Key West by the 1860s.<ref name="kw" /> Historian Loy Glenn Westfall states that the sandwich was "born in Cuba and educated in Key West".<ref name="kw" /> | |||
| The cigar industry in Florida shifted to Tampa in the 1880s and the sandwich quickly appeared in workers' cafés in ] and (later) ], leading other historians to theorize that the sandwich as now constituted first appeared there<ref name="OttoCubanTampa">{{cite web | |||
| | last = Otto | |||
| | first = Steve | |||
| | title = Cuban Is Ours, Any Way You Try To Slice It | |||
| | url = http://www.tbo.com/news/metro/MGBQAS0758F.html | |||
| | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20090507190125/http://www.tbo.com/news/metro/MGBQAS0758F.html | |||
| | publisher = The Tampa Tribune | |||
| | date = 24 October 2007 | |||
| | archivedate = 7 May 2009}} | |||
| </ref><ref name="BreadMaker">{{cite web |url= http://www.bread-maker.net/Bread-Types/Cuban-Bread.htm |title= Cuban Bread: A History |work= Bread-Maker website }}</ref><ref name="KennedyViva">{{cite web |url= http://tampa.creativeloafing.com/gyrobase/Content?oid=oid%3A1907 |title= Viva El Cubano |author= Sara Kennedy |work= Creative Loafing Tampa |date= 14 August 2002 }}</ref><ref></ref> Historian Andrew Huse states that "the old 'mixtos' coalesced into something more distinct – the Cuban sandwiches we know and love – an original Tampa creation."<ref name="HuseSandwichCity"/> | |||
| By the 1960s, Cuban sandwiches were also common on Miami ] and restaurant menus, as the city had gained a large influx of Cuban residents after ] 1959 ] in their native land.<ref name="FernandezSearchSandwich">{{cite web |url= http://www.landlmarketbistro.com/i/events/Herald_Tropical_Life_08-2007_article.pdf |title= Our search for a good Cuban sandwich takes a surprising turn |author= Enrique Fernandez |work= ] |date= 9 August 2007 }}</ref> | |||
| The ] caused a wave of Cuban expatriates to settle in other locations as well, and they brought their culture and cuisine with them. Cuban sandwiches and variations thereof are now served in various ] communities in places such as ], ], ], and ], among others.<ref name="GreatSandwich"/> | |||
| ==Ingredients== | |||
| ] | |||
| While there is some debate as to the contents of a "true" Cuban sandwich, most are generally agreed upon. The traditional Cuban sandwich starts with Cuban bread. The loaf is sliced into lengths of 8-12 inches (20–30 cm), lightly buttered or brushed with olive oil on the crust, and cut in half horizontally. A coat of ] is spread on the bread. Then sliced ] ], ], ], and thinly-sliced ]s are added in layers. Sometimes the pork is marinated in ] and slow roasted.<ref name="GreatSandwich"/> | |||
| The main regional disagreement about the sandwich’s recipe is whether or not to include salami. In Tampa, ]<ref name="ThreeGuysSandwich"/> is traditionally layered in with the other meats, probably due to influence of ] ] who lived side-by-side with Cubans and ] in Ybor City.<ref name="OttoCubanTampa"/><ref name="TobinEachOwn">{{cite web |url= http://www.sptimes.com/2003/01/18/TampaBay/To_each__his_own_sand.shtml |title= To each, his own sandwich |author= Thomas C. Tobin |work= ] |date= 18 January 2003 }}</ref><ref name="HouckPerfect">{{cite news | |||
| | last = Houck | |||
| | first = Jeff | |||
| | url = http://www2.tbo.com/content/2009/sep/06/tr-rebuilding-the-perfect-cuban/ | |||
| | title = Rebuilding the perfect Cuban | |||
| | place = The Tampa Tribune. | |||
| | date = 6 Sep 2009 | |||
| | accessdate = }} | |||
| </ref> In ], salami is left out.<ref name="500things">{{cite book | last = Stern | first = Jane and Michael | title = 500 Things to Eat before It's Too Late and the Very Best Places to Eat Them | publisher = Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | location = Boston | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-0-547-05907-5}}</ref> ], ], and/or ] are usually available options on Florida menus but are frowned upon by traditionalists.<ref name="HuseSandwichCity"/><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref name="GreatSandwich"/><ref name="TobinEachOwn"/><ref name="HouckPerfect"/><ref name="500things"/><ref name="RuggQuest">{{cite web |url= http://www.eatfoo.com/archives/2006/08/tampa_cuban_quest_la_teresita_1.php |title= Tampa Cuban Quest: La Teresita |author= Adam Rugg |work= Eat Foo |date= 11 August 2006 }}</ref> | |||
| When assembled, the sandwich can be toasted in a sandwich press called a ''plancha'', which is similar to a ] press but without grooved surfaces.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> The ''plancha'' both heats and compresses the sandwich, which remains in the press until the bread surface is slightly crispy and the cheese is melted.<ref name="HouckPerfect"/> It is usually cut into diagonal halves before serving. | |||
| ==Related dishes== | |||
| {{Main|Cuban cuisine#Sandwiches}} | |||
| A very similar and popular sandwich is the ] or "midnight" sandwich, so named because of the sandwich's popularity as a staple served in Havana's night clubs right around or after midnight. It contains the same ingredients as a Cuban sandwich but is smaller and is made on soft bread made from a sweet yellow egg dough, similar to ].<ref></ref> | |||
| The Mexican sandwich-like ] has a variation called "torta cubana" (Cuban torta), which includes a collection of different meats, usually all the ones available at the place where the torta is prepared. | |||
| ==In Popular Culture== | |||
| In ]'s 2014 film ] the main character opens up a food truck from which he sells cuban sandwiches. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| {{Portal|Cuba|Food}} | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References and bibliography== | |||
| {{Reflist|2}} | |||
| This dish and its origin are also mentioned in: | |||
| * Espinosa, Jack. ''Cuban Bread Crumbs''. Xlibris Corporation. 2008. ISBN 978-1-4257-9678-5. | |||
| * Lastra, Frank, ''Ybor City : The Making of a Landmark Town''. University of Tampa Press. 2006. ISBN 978-1-59732-002-3. | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commons}} | |||
| * {{cite web |url= http://www.peanut.org/mike/text/Cubansan.htm |title= Hot Pressed Cuban, Hold the Dinosaur |author= Michael Segers |year= 1999 }} | |||
| * {{cite web |url= http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/cuban_sandwich_medianoche_sandwich/ |title= Cuban Sandwich; Medianoche Sandwich |author= ] |work= Historical notes 1901-1966 |date= 29 July 2006 }} | |||
| * {{cite web |url= http://offthebroiler.wordpress.com/2006/11/30/florida-dining-latin-american-cafeteria-restaurant/ |title= Florida Dining: Latin American Cafeteria Restaurant |author= Off The Broiler Weblog |date= 30 November 2006 }} | |||
| * {{cite web |url= http://offthebroiler.wordpress.com/2007/01/08/florida-dining-the-cuban-sandwich-shopcafe/ |title= Florida Dining: The Cuban Sandwich Shop |author= Off The Broiler Weblog |date= 8 January 2007 }} | |||
| * {{cite web |url= http://offthebroiler.wordpress.com/2007/06/02/do-it-yourself-cubanos/ |title= Do It Yourself Cubanos |author= Off The Broiler Weblog |date= 2 June 2007 }} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Cuban Sandwich}} | |||
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Revision as of 22:17, 13 October 2014
Cole Sanchez slapped down between two pieces of bread.