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Kabul University (KU) is located in Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan. It was founded in 1931 but officially opened for classes in 1932.

The university is still recovering from the long period of war, but as of Kabul University is attended by 25,000 students, of which around 38% are women. Habibullah Habib serves as its Chancellor while Mohammad Hadi Hedayati is Vice Chancellor. The main building was renovated about 500 metres from the old one, which has almost the same design.

The mission of Kabul University is to mature and prosper as an internationally recognised institution of learning and research, a community of stakeholders committed to shared governance, and a centre of innovative thought and practice.

Name

Officially, the university is known by the Pashto name Da Kābul Pohantūn (دکابل پوهنتون).

However, it has been suggested to use three official names in Pashto, Persian (دانشگاه کابل; language of the majority of Kabul's population) and English (University of Kabul). Most of all, because Persian-speaking students feel discriminated by the governmental ban of the Persian word for university. This led to a clash between students and the police in November 2008, as mostly Persian-speaking students demanded that the ban on Persian words be lifted. Previously, the Minister of Culture, Information, Tourism and Youth Affairs, Karim Khoram, had decided to ban the use of Persian expressions in government institutions and in state-controlled media, and a young journalist for a state newspaper was fined for using the Persian word for university in a report.

A similar clash had taken place a few weeks previously at Balkh University in the mostly Persian-speaking city of Mazar-e Sharif in northern Afghanistan. As a result, that university's name was officially changed from Pashto (Pohantūn-e Balkh) to Persian (Dāneshgāh-e Balkh).

History

Kabul University was established in 1931 during the reign of Mohammed Nadir Shah and then Prime Minister Mohammad Hashim Khan, opening its doors one year later to students from across the country. It benefitted from partnerships with the governments of France, Germany, Russia, and the United States.

In the 1960s foreign-educated scholars populated the campus, exposing the new generation to new topics such as communism, feminism and capitalism. Students influenced during this era included Ahmad Shah Massoud, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, Dr. Faiz Ahmad, and Saydal Sokhandan.

Many different political groups were influenced in the university such as Khaliqis, Parchamis, Sholayees, and Ikhwanis.

In a clash between Ikhwanis and Sholayees, a poet named Saydal Sokhandan was killed by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar in the 1970s. Saydal was fired upon and shot by Gulbuddin during an argument.

During the governance of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), Kabul University lost several lecturers and staff. The majority of the university's faculty left during the ten-year period of unrest or civil war that followed after the fall of the PDPA government in 1992.

Rebuilding

After the removal of the Taliban government in late 2001, the international community focused on rebuilding the educational institutions in Afghanistan. By January 2004 the campus had only 24 computers. As part of its recovery program the university has established partnerships with four foreign universities, including Purdue University and the University of Arizona. Furthermore, the Information Technology Center was founded in 2002 with the cooperation of German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and Technical University of Berlin. The number of students in higher education had increased across the country from 22,717 in 2002 to 56,451 in 2008. By 2008, the university was attended by 9,660 students, 2,336 (24%) of them being women.

It was reported in 2007 that Iran donated funds to the university's dentistry faculty and donated 25,000 books. The main library of Kabul University was built by the United States, which is the best-equipped library in Afghanistan. It is equipped with computers, books and magazines. Nancy Dupree, wife of Louis Dupree, is the Director of the Afghanistan Center at the university.

In 2008, the campus of Kabul University was provided with local network facilities by the Information Technology center of Kabul University (ITCK). Each building is connected to the campus network and is provided with the internet connection from a fiber optic backbone. The Voice over IP (VoIP) technology was also part of the networking project, which improved the quality telephone communication at the university level.

Structure

• The Faculty of Law and Political Science has two departments: Law and Management, Political Science.
• The Faculty of Computer Science has three departments: department of Information Technology,department of Information System and department of Programming Language .
• The Faculty of Economic has four departments - Statistics, Finance, Business Administration and Economics.
• The Faculty of Science has four departments: Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics.
• The Faculty of Engineering has four departments: Architecture, Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering. An estimated 600 students are taking classes there.
• The Faculty of Pharmacy has five departments: Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics and Biochemistry and Food Analysis. It has seven laboratories. An estimated 400 students are taking classes there.
• The Faculty of Agriculture has six departments: Agricultural Economics, Agronomy, Animal Science, Forestry and Natural Resources, Horticulture, and Plant Protection.
• The Faculty of Veterinary Science has five departments: Paraclinic Department, Preclinic Department, Clinic Department, Animal Husbandry Department, and Food Hygiene Department.
• The Faculty of Journalism has two departments: Radio and Television and Printing Press
• The Allama Iqbal Faculty of Arts built at a cost of around $10 million by neighboring country Pakistan, was established in 2010. The building contains 28 classrooms, two seminar-halls, a library, two computer labs, 20 faculty offices. It covers an area of 143,379 square feet (13,320.3 m). Afghan and Pakistani officials inaugurated the building in July 2010.

Faculty of Computer Science

The faculty of Computer Science was separated from faculty of Natural Sciences in 2008. At that time the faculty had 17 lecturers, 215 students, 3 modern and equipped laboratories, one library, examination centre for long-distance exams, and was part of the CISCO regional project. The faculty has started lectures with three departments namely software engineering, information system and technology and database in 2010. The computer sciences faculty has close contacts with the University of Maryland, University of Washington, University of Cape Town, Technical University of Berlin and the computer sciences department of all domestic universities. The graduates of the faculty can work in information technology centers of all governmental and non-governmental organizations.

National Centre for Policy Research

The National Centre for Policy Research was established at Kabul University by the Ministry of Higher Education and Konrad Adenauer Foundation in 2003, and includes faculty in the departments of Law and Politics, Economics, and Social Science.

Library

In 1992, the library held 200,000 books, 5,000 manuscripts, 3,000 rare books, periodicals, photographs and calligraphic specimens. Following a civil war, most materials were sold in book markets, burnt, destroyed, or lost. It served as the National Library of Afghanistan.

Notable alumni

• Ahmad Shah Massoud (National Hero of Afghanistan)
• Wasef Bakhtari (Professor)
• Hamida Barmaki (Law Professor and Child Rights Commissioner)
• Nancy Dupree, expert on the History of Afghanistan
• Mawlana Faizani (Philosopher and reformer)
• Saeed Nafisi (Professor)
• Qadria Yazdanparast (Law Expert,Legal Adviser,Human Rights Activist,Former member of Afghan Parliament, Former Head of Afghan Women High Association)
• Mohammad Najibullah (Former President of Afghanistan 1987-1992)

See also

• List of universities in Afghanistan

References

1. ^ "As problems pile up, Afghan lawmakers debate words". Reuters. 11 August 2008.
2. ^ مجازات برای بکارگیری واژه های فارسی [Discussion over the use of the Persian language in Afghanistan]; BBC - Persian
3. "Police attack university students in Balkh". Aatash.org. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
4. "Sign at the entrance of Balkh University". Retrieved 7 May 2012.
5. "Balkh University at "university-directory.eu"". University-directory.eu. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
6. "Tunes of hope at Kabul University". BBC News. 6 December 2001.
7. www.maoism.ru - Glossary of Names and Terms mentioned in the Historical Overview
9. "Brief history of Computer Science Faculty of Kabul University". Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Higher Education Kabul University. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
10. "Activities of Policy Research National Center of Kabul University," Kabul University website (accessed 2 January 2013)
11. National Centre for Policy Research website (accessed 2 January 2013)
12. The Situation of Kabul University Library: Its Past and Present Template:WebCite

External links

• Official website of Kabul University
• Official website of Ministry of Higher Education

34°31′4″N 69°7′41″E / 34.51778°N 69.12806°E / 34.51778; 69.12806

• Use dmy dates from July 2011
• Kabul University
• Universities in Afghanistan
• Education in Kabul
• Educational institutions established in 1932
• 1932 establishments in Afghanistan