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*'''Slander''. Looking at all of these comments and reviewing Extreme Kayak Fishing article and all of the other "Tournaments" this is looking like slander against this ONE company. Most comments are very unprofessional toward this company for one. They provided answers to most questions and asked for guidance on others. Also they HAVE notable references, even if individuals believe otherwise. Reading over most of the comments they all fail to realize that "stats" and who won these events is what this company is about and is NOT promoting. Yet 90% of the Wiki tournaments have the same thing. *'''Slander''. Looking at all of these comments and reviewing Extreme Kayak Fishing article and all of the other "Tournaments" this is looking like slander against this ONE company. Most comments are very unprofessional toward this company for one. They provided answers to most questions and asked for guidance on others. Also they HAVE notable references, even if individuals believe otherwise. Reading over most of the comments they all fail to realize that "stats" and who won these events is what this company is about and is NOT promoting. Yet 90% of the Wiki tournaments have the same thing.
SLANDER, torts. The defaming a man in his reputation by speaking or writing words which affect his life, office, or trade, or which tend to his loss of preferment in marriage or service, or in his inheritance, or which occasion any other particular damage. Law of Nisi Prius, 3. In England, if slander be spoken of a peer, or other great man, it is called Scandalum Magnatum. Falsity and malice are ingredients of slander. Bac. Abr. Slander. Written or printed slanders are libels; see that word. SLANDER, torts. The defaming a man in his reputation by speaking or writing words which affect his life, office, or trade, or which tend to his loss of preferment in marriage or service, or in his inheritance, or which occasion any other particular damage. Law of Nisi Prius, 3. In England, if slander be spoken of a peer, or other great man, it is called Scandalum Magnatum. Falsity and malice are ingredients of slander. Bac. Abr. Slander. Written or printed slanders are libels; see that word.
2. Here it is proposed to treat of verbal slander only, which may be considered with reference to, 1st. The nature of the accusation. 2d. The falsity of the charge. 3d. The mode of publication. 4th. The occasion; and 5th. The malice or motive of the slander. 2. Here it is proposed to treat of verbal slander only, which may be considered with reference to, 1st. The nature of the accusation. 2d. The falsity of the charge. 3d. The mode of publication. 4th. The occasion; and 5th. The malice or motive of the slander.
3.-Sec. 1. Actionable words are of two descriptions; first, those actionable in themselves, without proof of special damages and, secondly, those actionable only in respect of some actual consequential damages. 3.-Sec. 1. Actionable words are of two descriptions; first, those actionable in themselves, without proof of special damages and, secondly, those actionable only in respect of some actual consequential damages.
4.-1. Words of the first description must impute: 1st. The guilt of some offence for which the party, if guilty, might be indicted and punished by the criminal courts; as to call a person a "traitor," "thief," "highwayman;" or to say that he is guilty of "perjury," "forgery," "murder," and the like. And although the imputation of guilt be general, without stating the particulars of the pretended crime, it is actionable. Cro. Jac. 114, 142; 6 T. R. 674; 3 Wils. 186; 2 Vent. 266; 2 New Rep. 335. See 3 Serg. & Rawle, 255 7 Serg. & Rawle, 451; 1 Binn. 452; 5 Binn. 218; 3 Serg. & Rawle, 261; 2 Binn. 34; 4 Yeates, 423; 10 Serg. & Rawle, 44; Stark. on Slander, 13 to 42; 8 Mass. 248; 13 Johns. 124; Id. 275. 4.-1. Words of the first description must impute: 1st. The guilt of some offence for which the party, if guilty, might be indicted and punished by the criminal courts; as to call a person a "traitor," "thief," "highwayman;" or to say that he is guilty of "perjury," "forgery," "murder," and the like. And although the imputation of guilt be general, without stating the particulars of the pretended crime, it is actionable. Cro. Jac. 114, 142; 6 T. R. 674; 3 Wils. 186; 2 Vent. 266; 2 New Rep. 335. See 3 Serg. & Rawle, 255 7 Serg. & Rawle, 451; 1 Binn. 452; 5 Binn. 218; 3 Serg. & Rawle, 261; 2 Binn. 34; 4 Yeates, 423; 10 Serg. & Rawle, 44; Stark. on Slander, 13 to 42; 8 Mass. 248; 13 Johns. 124; Id. 275.
5.-2d. That the party has a disease or distemper which renders him unfit for society. Bac. Abr. Slander, B 2. An action can therefore be sustained for calling a man a leper. Cro. Jac. 144 Stark. on Slander, 97. But charging another with having had a contagious disease is not actionable, as he will not, on that account, be excluded from society. 2 T. R. 473, 4; 2 Str. 1189; Bac. Abr. tit. Slander, B 2. A charge which renders a man ridiculous, and impairs the enjoyment of general society, and injures those imperfect rights of friendly intercourse and mutual benevolence which man has with respect to man, is also actionable. Holt on Libels, 221. 5.-2d. That the party has a disease or distemper which renders him unfit for society. Bac. Abr. Slander, B 2. An action can therefore be sustained for calling a man a leper. Cro. Jac. 144 Stark. on Slander, 97. But charging another with having had a contagious disease is not actionable, as he will not, on that account, be excluded from society. 2 T. R. 473, 4; 2 Str. 1189; Bac. Abr. tit. Slander, B 2. A charge which renders a man ridiculous, and impairs the enjoyment of general society, and injures those imperfect rights of friendly intercourse and mutual benevolence which man has with respect to man, is also actionable. Holt on Libels, 221.
6.-3d. Unfitness in an officer, who holds an office to which profit or emolument is attached, either in respect of morals or inability to discharge the duties of the office in such a case an action lies. 1 Salk. 695, 698; Rolle, Ab. 65; 2 Esp. R. 500; 5 Co. 125; 4 Co. 16 a; 1 Str. 617; 2 Ld. Raym. 1369; Bull. N. P. 4; Holt on Libels, 207; Stark. on Slander, 100. 6.-3d. Unfitness in an officer, who holds an office to which profit or emolument is attached, either in respect of morals or inability to discharge the duties of the office in such a case an action lies. 1 Salk. 695, 698; Rolle, Ab. 65; 2 Esp. R. 500; 5 Co. 125; 4 Co. 16 a; 1 Str. 617; 2 Ld. Raym. 1369; Bull. N. P. 4; Holt on Libels, 207; Stark. on Slander, 100.
7.-4th. The want of integrity or capacity, whether mental or pecuniary, in the conduct of a profession, trade or business, in which the party is engaged, is actionable, 1 Mal. Entr. 244 as to accuse an attorney or artist of inability, inattention, or want of integrity; 3 Wils. 187; 2 Bl. Rep. 750; or a clergyman of being a drunkard; 1 Binn. 178; is actionable. See Holt on Libels, 210; Id. 217. 7.-4th. The want of integrity or capacity, whether mental or pecuniary, in the conduct of a profession, trade or business, in which the party is engaged, is actionable, 1 Mal. Entr. 244 as to accuse an attorney or artist of inability, inattention, or want of integrity; 3 Wils. 187; 2 Bl. Rep. 750; or a clergyman of being a drunkard; 1 Binn. 178; is actionable. See Holt on Libels, 210; Id. 217.
8.-2. Of the second class are words which are actionable only in respect of special damages sustained by the party slandered. Though the law will not permit in these cases the inference of damage, yet when the damage has actually been sustained, the party aggrieved may support an action for the publication of an untruth; 1 Lev. 53; 1 Sid. 79, 80; 3 Wood. 210; 2 Leon. 111; unless the assertion be made for the assertion of a supposed claim; Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation, D 30; Bac. Ab. Slander, B; but it lies if maliciously spoken. See 1 Rolle, Ab. 36 1 Saund. 243 Bac. Abr. Slander, C; 8 T. R. 130 8 East, R. 1; Stark. on Slander, 157. 8.-2. Of the second class are words which are actionable only in respect of special damages sustained by the party slandered. Though the law will not permit in these cases the inference of damage, yet when the damage has actually been sustained, the party aggrieved may support an action for the publication of an untruth; 1 Lev. 53; 1 Sid. 79, 80; 3 Wood. 210; 2 Leon. 111; unless the assertion be made for the assertion of a supposed claim; Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation, D 30; Bac. Ab. Slander, B; but it lies if maliciously spoken. See 1 Rolle, Ab. 36 1 Saund. 243 Bac. Abr. Slander, C; 8 T. R. 130 8 East, R. 1; Stark. on Slander, 157.
9.-Sec. 2. The charge must be false; 5 Co. 125, 6; Hob. 253; the falsity of the accusation is to be implied till the contrary is shown. 2 East, R. 436; 1 Saund. 242. The instance of a master making an unfavorable representation of his servant, upon an application for his character, seems to be an exception, in that case there being a presumption from the occasion of the speaking, that the words were true. 1 T. R. 111; 3 B. & P. 587; Stark. on Slander, 44, 175, 223. 9.-Sec. 2. The charge must be false; 5 Co. 125, 6; Hob. 253; the falsity of the accusation is to be implied till the contrary is shown. 2 East, R. 436; 1 Saund. 242. The instance of a master making an unfavorable representation of his servant, upon an application for his character, seems to be an exception, in that case there being a presumption from the occasion of the speaking, that the words were true. 1 T. R. 111; 3 B. & P. 587; Stark. on Slander, 44, 175, 223.
10.-Sec. 3. The slander must, of course, be published, that is, communicated to a third person; and if verbal, then in a language which he understands, otherwise the plaintiff's reputation is not impaired. 1 Rolle, Ab. 74; Cro. Eliz. 857; 1 Saund. 2425 n. 3; Bac. Abr. Slander, D 3. A letter addressed to the party, containing libelous matter, is not sufficient to maintain a civil action, though it may subject the libeler to an indictment, as tending to a breach of the peace; 2 Bl. R. 1038; 1 T. R. 110; 1 Saund. l32, n. 2; 4 Esp. N. P. R. 117; 2 Esp. N. P. R. 623; 2 East, R. 361; the slander must be published respecting the plaintiff; a mother cannot maintain an action for calling her daughter a bastard. 11 Serg. & Rawle, 343. As to the case of a man who repeats the slander invented by another, see Stark. on Slander, 213; 2 P. A. Bro. R. 89; 3 Yeates, 508; 3 Binn. 546. 10.-Sec. 3. The slander must, of course, be published, that is, communicated to a third person; and if verbal, then in a language which he understands, otherwise the plaintiff's reputation is not impaired. 1 Rolle, Ab. 74; Cro. Eliz. 857; 1 Saund. 2425 n. 3; Bac. Abr. Slander, D 3. A letter addressed to the party, containing libelous matter, is not sufficient to maintain a civil action, though it may subject the libeler to an indictment, as tending to a breach of the peace; 2 Bl. R. 1038; 1 T. R. 110; 1 Saund. l32, n. 2; 4 Esp. N. P. R. 117; 2 Esp. N. P. R. 623; 2 East, R. 361; the slander must be published respecting the plaintiff; a mother cannot maintain an action for calling her daughter a bastard. 11 Serg. & Rawle, 343. As to the case of a man who repeats the slander invented by another, see Stark. on Slander, 213; 2 P. A. Bro. R. 89; 3 Yeates, 508; 3 Binn. 546.
11.-Sec. 4. To render words actionable, they must be uttered without legal occasion. On some occasions it is justifiable to utter slander of another, in others it is excusable, provided it be uttered without express malice. Bac. Ab. Slander, D 4; Rolle, Ab. 87; 1 Vin. Ab. 540. It is justifiable for au attorney to use scandalizing expressions in support of his client's cause and pertinent thereto. 1 M. & S. 280; 1 Holt's R. 531; 1 B. & A. 232; see 2 Serg. & Rawle, 469; 1 Binn. 178; 4 Yeates, 322; 1 P. A. Browne's R. 40; 11 Verm. R. 536; Stark. on Slander, 182. Members of congress and other legislative assemblies cannot be called to account for anything said in debate. 11.-Sec. 4. To render words actionable, they must be uttered without legal occasion. On some occasions it is justifiable to utter slander of another, in others it is excusable, provided it be uttered without express malice. Bac. Ab. Slander, D 4; Rolle, Ab. 87; 1 Vin. Ab. 540. It is justifiable for au attorney to use scandalizing expressions in support of his client's cause and pertinent thereto. 1 M. & S. 280; 1 Holt's R. 531; 1 B. & A. 232; see 2 Serg. & Rawle, 469; 1 Binn. 178; 4 Yeates, 322; 1 P. A. Browne's R. 40; 11 Verm. R. 536; Stark. on Slander, 182. Members of congress and other legislative assemblies cannot be called to account for anything said in debate.
12.-Sec. 5. Malice is essential to the support of an action for slanderous words. But malice is in general to be presumed until the contrary be proved; 4 B. & C. 247; 1 Saund. 242, n. 2; 1 T. R. 1 11, 544; 1 East, R. 563; 2 East, R. 436; 2 New Rep. 335; Bull. N. P. 8; except in those cases where the occasion prima facie excuses the publication. 4 B. & C. 247. See 14 Serg. & Rawle, 359; Stark. on Slander, 201. See, generally, Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation; Bac. Abr. Slander; 1 Vin. Abr. 187; 1 Phillim. Ev. ch. 8; Yelv. 28, n.; Doctr. Plac. 53 Holt's Law of Libels; Starkie on Slander, Ham. N. P. ch. 2, s. 3. 12.-Sec. 5. Malice is essential to the support of an action for slanderous words. But malice is in general to be presumed until the contrary be proved; 4 B. & C. 247; 1 Saund. 242, n. 2; 1 T. R. 1 11, 544; 1 East, R. 563; 2 East, R. 436; 2 New Rep. 335; Bull. N. P. 8; except in those cases where the occasion prima facie excuses the publication. 4 B. & C. 247. See 14 Serg. & Rawle, 359; Stark. on Slander, 201. See, generally, Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation; Bac. Abr. Slander; 1 Vin. Abr. 187; 1 Phillim. Ev. ch. 8; Yelv. 28, n.; Doctr. Plac. 53 Holt's Law of Libels; Starkie on Slander, Ham. N. P. ch. 2, s. 3.

Revision as of 00:56, 8 April 2015

Extreme Kayak Fishing

Extreme Kayak Fishing (edit | talk | history | protect | delete | links | watch | logs | views) – (View log · Stats)
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promotional spam for a non-notable company Epipelagic (talk) 16:52, 24 March 2015 (UTC)

Note: This debate has been included in the list of Florida-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:45, 25 March 2015 (UTC)
Note: This debate has been included in the list of Business-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:45, 25 March 2015 (UTC)
Note: This debate has been included in the list of Events-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:45, 25 March 2015 (UTC)
Note: This debate has been included in the list of Sports-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:45, 25 March 2015 (UTC)

Having fished this event for many years I would highly disagree on your comment of Extreme Kayak Fishing Inc. this green company is a well known event in the city of Pompano Beach Florida which also sponsors this tournament. This organization has donated thousands of dollars to the Broward Children's Center in the city of Pompano Beach in efforts to give back to the community. It is very simple to check the status of this well organized and accomplished company having been around for over four years. Before making accusations I would highly recommend you do your research before stating false claims. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.249.250.93 (talk) 21:00, 25 March 2015 (UTC)

I Joseph Hector am the owner of Extreme Kayak Fishing Tournament Inc. Based on what evidence am I being accused of having a promotional spam non- notable company. My company is well known in the city of Pompano Beach Fl. We attract anglers from all over the world for our tournaments. These anglers help generate money for the city through the hotel industry and food service industry, which increases tax revenue for the city of Pompano Beach. What information do you need from me to negate the accusations that have been placed against Extreme Kayak Fishing Tournament Inc. Please advise me, as I want to resolve this issue immediately.

Thank you Joseph Hector — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ekft (talk • contribs) 22:03, 25 March 2015 (UTC)

Hi Joseph. The intention is not to insult you or your company. On Misplaced Pages the term "notable" is used somewhat technically as a term which must conform to these guidelines: Misplaced Pages:Notability. Your company doesn't. --Epipelagic (talk) 02:55, 26 March 2015 (UTC)
  • DELETE This article is Spam, and smells like spam--it doesn't even smell like bad fish. The article was created by an editor whose ONLY contributions have been to this article. The other 3 primary editors' contributions have been exclusively or predominantly to this article. The proprietor of the business comments and asks that it not be deleted. Overwhelming evidence of Spam. The ostensibly independent references are 2 fishing websites (don't know their reputation) and 2 local news outlets. Not sufficient notability. The proprietor also put 2 pictures of himself in the article--obviously about publicity. Tapered (talk) 01:03, 26 March 2015 (UTC)

In categories we are listed as a fishing tournament. http://en.wikipedia.org/Category:Fishing_tournaments How is our article different than all the other fishing tournaments? We have 14 references backing our article including the florida sport fishing magazine. Please advise me on what I have to do in order to keep this article from being deleted? Joesph Hector

Well you have made a start by trimming some of the more excessive spam and self promotion. Looking at the category list, there are tournaments of questionable notability there that should perhaps be deleted also. The references you mention, now 12 of them, are mostly to publications that are not notable, that do not, for example, have a Misplaced Pages entry. The Kayak Fish Mag is a local state magazine. The Sun Sentinel is notable, but it does not contain an in-depth report and again is a local state publication. Another reference is only to a press release. Can you find better sources, perhaps to books from reputable publishers, or perhaps to recognized magazines that are international, or at least national? If you can't then the article is not really ready for Misplaced Pages. It might be ready in a few years time, and then you could try again. --Epipelagic (talk) 19:57, 26 March 2015 (UTC)

Please check our references. We have added several in depth Sun Sentinel articles about Extreme Kayak Fishing Tournament. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/sports/outdoors/fl-wednesday-fishing-report-0820-20140819-story.html http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/pompano-beach/fl-cnsp-digestbr-0907-20140908-story.html http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-08-20/sports/fl-extreme-kayak-tournament-0821-20110820_1_kayak-fishing-fishing-rod-gift-card http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2014-04-29/sports/fl-wednesday-fishing-report-0430-20140429_1_brian-nelli-anglers-hobie-kayak


We have also added reputable sources from the , "WPTV-TV", "The Palm Beach Post" and "Guy Harvey". Each of sources have their own wikipedia articles. With these sources Extreme Kayak Fishing article should be Notable. http://www.wptv.com/sports/recreation-sports/a-local-kayaker-fights-to-reel-in-a-white-marlin-during-a-fishing-tournament-in-the-bahamas http://guyharveyoutpostnews.com/2014/08/25/extreme-kayak-fishings-summer-slam-results-in-a-heavy-weight-bout/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ekft (talk • contribs) 03:21, 27 March 2015 (UTC)

Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, — Coffee // stole my cup // and beans // 01:37, 1 April 2015 (UTC)

By providing new references that our listed in Extreme kayak fishing article reference page, why is this page still up for deletion? Please advise me if there is anything more that needs to be addressed in order to make this article notable for Misplaced Pages. Thank you Joseph Hector — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ekft (talk • contribs) 14:13, 2 April 2015 (UTC)

Comment The positive commenters on this page are 1)the proprietor of the event, 2) a major contributor to the article whose username is an acronym of the event, 3)98.249.250.93, the original author of the article. These facts strongly indicate this article was begun as promotion, and is still promotion. Tapered (talk) 01:24, 3 April 2015 (UTC)

  • delete there is still a great deal of unsourced content (fails WP:OR and WP:VERIFY; there are still 4 or 5 blog sources (fails WP:SPS) and press releases (fails WP:INDY) - outside of that, it is a local paper (the Sun Sentinel) or Palm Beach Post (which is a paragraph). and it is all kind of news-y, and WP is WP:NOTNEWS. This kind of regional reporting doesn't bring the event up to WP:NOTABILITY for the encyclopedia Jytdog (talk) 01:50, 3 April 2015 (UTC)

In categories Extreme Kayak fishing article is under Fishing tournaments. See here. http://en.wikipedia.org/Category:Fishing_tournaments Why is this article being singled out? This page has more content and reputable sources than most fishing tournaments listed there. One of our sources is "Guy Harvey Outpost News". Guy Harvey is a reputable source that is nationwide and has its own Misplaced Pages article. This source explains what Extreme kayak fishing is and lists all the winners. This article is not meant as self- promotion or advertising. It exposes the facts about how it is possible to catch large fish such as sailfish, marlin, and pelagics in a small boat such as a kayak. It is a type of fishing tournament that is now possible through the engineering changes in kayak design. These boats can be paddled, pedaled and stood on. These kayaks are made specially for ocean offshore kayak fishing. This changes the game and level for offshore fishing. Please specifically advise why this article is being singled out from all the other fishing tournaments on Misplaced Pages? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ekft (talk • contribs) 00:13, 4 April 2015 (UTC)

WP:OTHERSTUFFEXISTS is not a valid argument at AfD. You haven't responded to the objections raised, and in any case, you disclose that you own the event - you are a paid advocate under our WP:COI guideline and you have ignored what that says - namely "Paid advocates are very strongly discouraged from direct article editing" (emphasis from the original). Please pipe down and let the community decide to do with your work. Thanks. Jytdog (talk) 11:17, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
  • Delete. I see reliable sources that mention the company, but none of the ones I reviewed are what I'd call significant coverage of the company. Covering that an event happened and who won isn't coverage of the company. If this ends up being kept, it needs gutted because the current state stinks of promotion. Niteshift36 (talk) 00:57, 7 April 2015 (UTC)
  • 'Slander. Looking at all of these comments and reviewing Extreme Kayak Fishing article and all of the other "Tournaments" this is looking like slander against this ONE company. Most comments are very unprofessional toward this company for one. They provided answers to most questions and asked for guidance on others. Also they HAVE notable references, even if individuals believe otherwise. Reading over most of the comments they all fail to realize that "stats" and who won these events is what this company is about and is NOT promoting. Yet 90% of the Wiki tournaments have the same thing.

SLANDER, torts. The defaming a man in his reputation by speaking or writing words which affect his life, office, or trade, or which tend to his loss of preferment in marriage or service, or in his inheritance, or which occasion any other particular damage. Law of Nisi Prius, 3. In England, if slander be spoken of a peer, or other great man, it is called Scandalum Magnatum. Falsity and malice are ingredients of slander. Bac. Abr. Slander. Written or printed slanders are libels; see that word. 

2. Here it is proposed to treat of verbal slander only, which may be considered with reference to, 1st. The nature of the accusation. 2d. The falsity of the charge. 3d. The mode of publication. 4th. The occasion; and 5th. The malice or motive of the slander. 
3.-Sec. 1. Actionable words are of two descriptions; first, those actionable in themselves, without proof of special damages and, secondly, those actionable only in respect of some actual consequential damages. 
4.-1. Words of the first description must impute: 1st. The guilt of some offence for which the party, if guilty, might be indicted and punished by the criminal courts; as to call a person a "traitor," "thief," "highwayman;" or to say that he is guilty of "perjury," "forgery," "murder," and the like. And although the imputation of guilt be general, without stating the particulars of the pretended crime, it is actionable. Cro. Jac. 114, 142; 6 T. R. 674; 3 Wils. 186; 2 Vent. 266; 2 New Rep. 335. See 3 Serg. & Rawle, 255 7 Serg. & Rawle, 451; 1 Binn. 452; 5 Binn. 218; 3 Serg. & Rawle, 261; 2 Binn. 34; 4 Yeates, 423; 10 Serg. & Rawle, 44; Stark. on Slander, 13 to 42; 8 Mass. 248; 13 Johns. 124; Id. 275. 
5.-2d. That the party has a disease or distemper which renders him unfit for society. Bac. Abr. Slander, B 2. An action can therefore be sustained for calling a man a leper. Cro. Jac. 144 Stark. on Slander, 97. But charging another with having had a contagious disease is not actionable, as he will not, on that account, be excluded from society. 2 T. R. 473, 4; 2 Str. 1189; Bac. Abr. tit. Slander, B 2. A charge which renders a man ridiculous, and impairs the enjoyment of general society, and injures those imperfect rights of friendly intercourse and mutual benevolence which man has with respect to man, is also actionable. Holt on Libels, 221. 
6.-3d. Unfitness in an officer, who holds an office to which profit or emolument is attached, either in respect of morals or inability to discharge the duties of the office in such a case an action lies. 1 Salk. 695, 698; Rolle, Ab. 65; 2 Esp. R. 500; 5 Co. 125; 4 Co. 16 a; 1 Str. 617; 2 Ld. Raym. 1369; Bull. N. P. 4; Holt on Libels, 207; Stark. on Slander, 100. 
7.-4th. The want of integrity or capacity, whether mental or pecuniary, in the conduct of a profession, trade or business, in which the party is engaged, is actionable, 1 Mal. Entr. 244 as to accuse an attorney or artist of inability, inattention, or want of integrity; 3 Wils. 187; 2 Bl. Rep. 750; or a clergyman of being a drunkard; 1 Binn. 178; is actionable. See Holt on Libels, 210; Id. 217. 
8.-2. Of the second class are words which are actionable only in respect of special damages sustained by the party slandered. Though the law will not permit in these cases the inference of damage, yet when the damage has actually been sustained, the party aggrieved may support an action for the publication of an untruth; 1 Lev. 53; 1 Sid. 79, 80; 3 Wood. 210; 2 Leon. 111; unless the assertion be made for the assertion of a supposed claim; Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation, D 30; Bac. Ab. Slander, B; but it lies if maliciously spoken. See 1 Rolle, Ab. 36 1 Saund. 243 Bac. Abr. Slander, C; 8 T. R. 130 8 East, R. 1; Stark. on Slander, 157.

9.-Sec. 2. The charge must be false; 5 Co. 125, 6; Hob. 253; the falsity of the accusation is to be implied till the contrary is shown. 2 East, R. 436; 1 Saund. 242. The instance of a master making an unfavorable representation of his servant, upon an application for his character, seems to be an exception, in that case there being a presumption from the occasion of the speaking, that the words were true. 1 T. R. 111; 3 B. & P. 587; Stark. on Slander, 44, 175, 223. 10.-Sec. 3. The slander must, of course, be published, that is, communicated to a third person; and if verbal, then in a language which he understands, otherwise the plaintiff's reputation is not impaired. 1 Rolle, Ab. 74; Cro. Eliz. 857; 1 Saund. 2425 n. 3; Bac. Abr. Slander, D 3. A letter addressed to the party, containing libelous matter, is not sufficient to maintain a civil action, though it may subject the libeler to an indictment, as tending to a breach of the peace; 2 Bl. R. 1038; 1 T. R. 110; 1 Saund. l32, n. 2; 4 Esp. N. P. R. 117; 2 Esp. N. P. R. 623; 2 East, R. 361; the slander must be published respecting the plaintiff; a mother cannot maintain an action for calling her daughter a bastard. 11 Serg. & Rawle, 343. As to the case of a man who repeats the slander invented by another, see Stark. on Slander, 213; 2 P. A. Bro. R. 89; 3 Yeates, 508; 3 Binn. 546. 

11.-Sec. 4. To render words actionable, they must be uttered without legal occasion. On some occasions it is justifiable to utter slander of another, in others it is excusable, provided it be uttered without express malice. Bac. Ab. Slander, D 4; Rolle, Ab. 87; 1 Vin. Ab. 540. It is justifiable for au attorney to use scandalizing expressions in support of his client's cause and pertinent thereto. 1 M. & S. 280; 1 Holt's R. 531; 1 B. & A. 232; see 2 Serg. & Rawle, 469; 1 Binn. 178; 4 Yeates, 322; 1 P. A. Browne's R. 40; 11 Verm. R. 536; Stark. on Slander, 182. Members of congress and other legislative assemblies cannot be called to account for anything said in debate. 
12.-Sec. 5. Malice is essential to the support of an action for slanderous words. But malice is in general to be presumed until the contrary be proved; 4 B. & C. 247; 1 Saund. 242, n. 2; 1 T. R. 1 11, 544; 1 East, R. 563; 2 East, R. 436; 2 New Rep. 335; Bull. N. P. 8; except in those cases where the occasion prima facie excuses the publication. 4 B. & C. 247. See 14 Serg. & Rawle, 359; Stark. on Slander, 201. See, generally, Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation; Bac. Abr. Slander; 1 Vin. Abr. 187; 1 Phillim. Ev. ch. 8; Yelv. 28, n.; Doctr. Plac. 53 Holt's Law of Libels; Starkie on Slander, Ham. N. P. ch. 2, s. 3.
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