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|date= 29 December, 1705<ref>http://sikhism.about.com/od/Historic-Events/p/Battle-Of-Muktsar.htm. commemoration varies with some marking the day on 15 April</ref> |date= 29 December, 1705<ref>http://sikhism.about.com/od/Historic-Events/p/Battle-Of-Muktsar.htm. commemoration varies with some marking the day on 15 April</ref>
|place=Near the pool of Khidrānā (later Muktsar) |place=Near the pool of Khidrānā (later Muktsar)
|result=Battle was conclusive in favour of sikhs; Mughals were held off ,could not reach Guru Gobind Singh whom they were pursuing. 40 Sikhs killed were revered as Martyrs, one survived and joined Guru Gobind Singh,Wazir Khan was repulsed<ref>{{cite book|quote=Sikh Guru Gobind Singh relentlessly pursued by Mughal forces after battle in 1704 at Anandpur and Chamkaur was attacked in a semi desert area of the Punjab at Khidrana ki Dhabi ( modern Mukatsar) south of Ferozepur.'''The Mughals were held Off''' in this final battle, but 40!sikhs of Majha who deserted the Guru at Anadpur died to a Man and are revered as Martrs|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA695|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|page=695|author= Jacques, Tony|isbn=978-0-313-33536-5}}</ref><ref name=McLeod>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=xajcAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA65|title=Historical Dictionary of Sikhism|page=65|author=Fenech, E. Louis, Mcleod, H. W.|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-3601-1|quote=Mukatsar-in 1705 at Khidrana, South of Faridkot, Vazir Khan caught up with army of Guru Gobind Singh but was repulsed}}</ref> |result= 40 Sikhs killed, one survived and fled. Mughals, however, were held off.<ref>{{cite book|quote=Sikh Guru Gobind Singh relentlessly pursued by Mughal forces after battle in 1704 at Anandpur and Chamkaur was attacked in a semi desert area of the Punjab at Khidrana ki Dhabi ( modern Mukatsar) south of Ferozepur.'''The Mughals were held Off''' in this final battle, but 40!sikhs of Majha who deserted the Guru at Anadpur died to a Man and are revered as Martrs|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA695|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|page=695|author= Jacques, Tony|isbn=978-0-313-33536-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=xajcAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA65|title=Historical Dictionary of Sikhism|page=65|author=Fenech, E. Louis, Mcleod, H. W.|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-3601-1}}</ref>
|combatant1=]]s |combatant1=]]s
|combatant2=]] |combatant2=]]
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During the siege 40 men, led by Bhai Maha Singh, wrote letters of ''bedava'' (abandonment of a Sikh from his Guru<ref name=SE>{{cite web|title=Bedava|url=http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/bhai-gurdas-and-the-early-sikh-literature/bedava|publisher=The Sikh Encyclopedia|accessdate=24 September 2013}}</ref>) to ], and fled the village. They arrived in the village of ] where a local woman named ], upon hearing their tale of desertion, shamed them into returning to battle. During the siege 40 men, led by Bhai Maha Singh, wrote letters of ''bedava'' (abandonment of a Sikh from his Guru<ref name=SE>{{cite web|title=Bedava|url=http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/bhai-gurdas-and-the-early-sikh-literature/bedava|publisher=The Sikh Encyclopedia|accessdate=24 September 2013}}</ref>) to ], and fled the village. They arrived in the village of ] where a local woman named ], upon hearing their tale of desertion, shamed them into returning to battle.


The 40 deserters with Mai Bhago returned to seek out Guru Gobind Singh, and joined him near ''Khidrāne Dee Dhāb'' preparing for battle against the Mughals. They fought and died in the following battle. The guru, finding the dying Maha Singh on the battlefield after the battle, forgave him and his compatriots, tore up their letters of ''bedava'', and blessed them for their service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.info-sikh.com/PageMukht.html|title=Chali Muktay: The Forty Liberated Ones|accessdate=29 August 2014|work=Sikh Information}}</ref> The place was later renamed ], literally meaning ''The Pool of Liberation''.<ref name=civ>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KxndvJs3wUkC&pg=PA106&dq=Battle+of+Muktsar&as_brr=3|title=Sikhism And Indian Civilization|author=R. K. Pruthi|page=106|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|year=2004|isbn=978-81-7141-879-4}}</ref><ref name=brief>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=edT9ZBiroCQC&pg=PA171&dq=Battle+of+Muktsar&as_brr=3|title=A brief guide to beliefs|author=Linda Edwards|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=0-664-22259-5}}</ref> Mai Bhago survived the battle and stayed on with Guru Gobind Singh Ji as one of his bodyguards. Wajir Khan nawab of Sirhind and leader of Mughal forces was repulsed & abandoned persuing Guru Gobind Singh anymore<ref name=mcleod.The ] is held at the holy city of Muktsar Sahib every year in memory of the forty Sikh martyrs. The 40 deserters with Mai Bhago returned to seek out Guru Gobind Singh, and joined him near ''Khidrāne Dee Dhāb'' preparing for battle against the Mughals. They fought and died in the following battle. The guru, finding the dying Maha Singh on the battlefield after the battle, forgave him and his compatriots, tore up their letters of ''bedava'', and blessed them for their service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.info-sikh.com/PageMukht.html|title=Chali Muktay: The Forty Liberated Ones|accessdate=29 August 2014|work=Sikh Information}}</ref> The place was later renamed ], literally meaning ''The Pool of Liberation''.<ref name=civ>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KxndvJs3wUkC&pg=PA106&dq=Battle+of+Muktsar&as_brr=3|title=Sikhism And Indian Civilization|author=R. K. Pruthi|page=106|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|year=2004|isbn=978-81-7141-879-4}}</ref><ref name=brief>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=edT9ZBiroCQC&pg=PA171&dq=Battle+of+Muktsar&as_brr=3|title=A brief guide to beliefs|author=Linda Edwards|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=0-664-22259-5}}</ref> Mai Bhago survived the battle and stayed on with Guru Gobind Singh Ji as one of his bodyguards. The ] is held at the holy city of Muktsar Sahib every year in memory of the forty Sikh martyrs.


==References== ==References==

Revision as of 11:52, 8 April 2015

Battle Of Muktsar
Part of Mughal-Sikh Wars
Date29 December, 1705
LocationNear the pool of Khidrānā (later Muktsar)
Result 40 Sikhs killed, one survived and fled. Mughals, however, were held off.
Belligerents
Mughals Khalsa
Commanders and leaders
Wazir Khan (Mughal Governor of Punjab) Guru Gobind Singh
Mai Bhago
Mahan Singh
Strength
Unknown 41
Casualties and losses
Unconfirmed 40

The Battle of Muktsar or Battle of Khidrāne Dee Dhāb took place on 29 December 1705, (29 Poh) following the siege of Anandpur. In 1704, Anandpur was under an extended siege by the allied forces of the Mughals and the hill chiefs.

During the siege 40 men, led by Bhai Maha Singh, wrote letters of bedava (abandonment of a Sikh from his Guru) to Guru Gobind Singh, and fled the village. They arrived in the village of Jhabal where a local woman named Mai Bhago, upon hearing their tale of desertion, shamed them into returning to battle.

The 40 deserters with Mai Bhago returned to seek out Guru Gobind Singh, and joined him near Khidrāne Dee Dhāb preparing for battle against the Mughals. They fought and died in the following battle. The guru, finding the dying Maha Singh on the battlefield after the battle, forgave him and his compatriots, tore up their letters of bedava, and blessed them for their service. The place was later renamed Muktsar, literally meaning The Pool of Liberation. Mai Bhago survived the battle and stayed on with Guru Gobind Singh Ji as one of his bodyguards. The Mela Maghi is held at the holy city of Muktsar Sahib every year in memory of the forty Sikh martyrs.

References

  1. http://sikhism.about.com/od/Historic-Events/p/Battle-Of-Muktsar.htm. commemoration varies with some marking the day on 15 April
  2. Jacques, Tony. Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O. p. 695. ISBN 978-0-313-33536-5. Sikh Guru Gobind Singh relentlessly pursued by Mughal forces after battle in 1704 at Anandpur and Chamkaur was attacked in a semi desert area of the Punjab at Khidrana ki Dhabi ( modern Mukatsar) south of Ferozepur.The Mughals were held Off in this final battle, but 40!sikhs of Majha who deserted the Guru at Anadpur died to a Man and are revered as Martrs
  3. Fenech, E. Louis, Mcleod, H. W. Historical Dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-4422-3601-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. History of Sikh Gurus Retold: 1606-1708 C.E Surjit Singh Gandhi
  5. Surinder Singh Johar (1998). Holy Sikh Shrines. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 46. ISBN 978-81-7533-073-3.
  6. "Bedava". The Sikh Encyclopedia. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
  7. "Chali Muktay: The Forty Liberated Ones". Sikh Information. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  8. R. K. Pruthi (2004). Sikhism And Indian Civilization. Discovery Publishing House. p. 106. ISBN 978-81-7141-879-4.
  9. Linda Edwards. A brief guide to beliefs. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 0-664-22259-5.
Late Mughal-Sikh Wars

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