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| |foundation = {{Nowrap|], U.S.}}<br />({{Start date|1982|2|28}}) | |foundation = {{Nowrap|], U.S.}}<br />({{Start date|1982|2|28}}) | ||
| |founders = ] and ] | |founders = ] and ] | ||
| |location = ],<br />], ], U.S. | |||
| |area_served = Worldwide | |||
| |key_people = ] and ]<br /><small>(Co-Chairmen)</small><br />]<br /><small>(President and CEO)</small> | |||
| |products = ] | |||
| | revenue = {{increase}} US$ 4.14 billion (2014)<ref name='xbrlus_1'>{{cite web|url=http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/796343/000079634314000004/0000796343-14-000004-index.htm |title=ADOBE SYSTEMS INC 2014 Annual Report Form (10-K) |publisher=United States Securities and Exchange Commission |format=XBRL |date=January 21, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| | operating_income = {{decrease}} US$ 412 million (2014)<ref name='xbrlus_1'/> | |||
| | net_income = {{decrease}} US$ 268 million (2014)<ref name='xbrlus_1'/> | |||
| | assets = {{increase}} US$ 10.78 billion (2014)<ref name='xbrlus_2'>{{cite web|url=http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/796343/000079634314000023/0000796343-14-000023-index.htm |title=ADOBE SYSTEMS INC 2014 Q1 Quarterly Report Form (10-Q) |publisher=United States Securities and Exchange Commission |format=XBRL |date=March 28, 2014}}</ref> | |||
| | equity = {{increase}} US$ 6.77 billion (2014)<ref name='xbrlus_2'/> | |||
| |num_employees = 12,499 (Q2, 2015)<ref name=10K>{{cite web|url=https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/invrelations/pdfs/FY11_10-K_FINAL_Certified.pdf|title=2012 Form 10-K, Adobe Systems Incorporated|publisher=Adobe Systems Incorporated}}</ref> | |||
| |homepage = {{URL|https://www.adobe.com/|Adobe.com}} | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Adobe Systems Incorporated''' is an American ] computer software company. The company is headquartered in ], California, United States. Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more-recent foray towards ] ]. It is best known for ], the ] (PDF) and ], as well as its successor ]. | |||
| Adobe was founded in February 1982<ref name="fastfacts">{{cite web|url=https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pdfs/fastfacts.pdf | title = Adobe Fast Facts|date=March 9, 2009|accessdate=April 4, 2009|format=PDF| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090326033602/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pdfs/fastfacts.pdf| archivedate= 26 March 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> by ] and ], who established the company after leaving ] in order to develop and sell the ] ]. In 1985, ] licensed PostScript for use in its ] ], which helped spark the ] revolution. | |||
| {{as of|2015}}, Adobe Systems has about 13,500 employees,<ref name="10K"/> about 40% of whom work in San Jose. Adobe also has major development operations in ], Massachusetts; ], New York; ], Florida; ], Minnesota; ], Utah; ], Washington; ] and ], California in the United States. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| The name of the company, ''Adobe'', comes from ] in ], California, which ran behind the houses of both of the company's founders.<ref name="fastfacts" /> Adobe's corporate logo features a stylized "A" and was designed by the wife of ], Marva Warnock, who is a graphic designer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.famouslogos.net/adobe-logo/|title=Adobe Logo: Design and History| publisher=Famouslogos.net|accessdate=July 28, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| Adobe's first products after ] were ]s, which they released in a proprietary format called ]. ] subsequently developed a competing standard, ], which provided full scalability and precise control of the ] pattern created by the font's outlines, and licensed it to ]. Adobe responded by publishing the Type 1 specification and releasing ], software that allowed ] scaling of Type 1 fonts on screen - like TrueType without the precise pixel-level control.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} But these moves were too late to stop the rise of TrueType. Although Type 1 remained the standard in the graphics/publishing market, TrueType became the standard for business and the average Windows user. In 1996, Adobe and Microsoft announced the ] font format, and in 2003 Adobe completed converting its Type 1 font library to OpenType.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| In the mid-1980s, Adobe entered the consumer ] market with ], a ]-based drawing program for the ]. Illustrator, which grew from the firm's in-house font-development software, helped popularize PostScript-enabled laser printers. Unlike ], the then standard Macintosh vector drawing program, Illustrator described shapes with more flexible ]s, providing unprecedented accuracy.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} Font rendering in Illustrator, however, was left to the Macintosh's ] libraries and would not be superseded by a PostScript-like approach until Adobe released Adobe Type Manager.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| Adobe Systems entered ] in 1986. Its revenue has grown from roughly $1 billion in 1999 to roughly $4 billion in 2012.<ref name="google">{{cite web|url=http://finance.google.com/finance?q=ADBE|publisher=Google Finance|title=Adobe Systems Incorporated Company Profile}}</ref> Adobe's fiscal years run from December to November. For example, the 2007 fiscal year ended on November 30, 2007. | |||
| In 1989, Adobe introduced what was to become its ] product, a graphics editing program for the Macintosh called ]. Stable and full-featured, Photoshop 1.0 was ably marketed by Adobe and soon dominated the market.<ref name="siliconuser">{{cite web|url=http://www.siliconuser.com/?q=node/10|title= How Adobe's Photoshop Was Born|accessdate=June 12, 2007|last=Hormby|first=Thomas|publisher=]| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070611134528/http://siliconuser.com/?q=node/10| archivedate= 11 June 2007 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> | |||
| In 1993, Adobe introduced ], the Portable Document Format, and its ] software. PDF is now an International Standard: ]. The technology is adopted worldwide as a common medium for electronic documents.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| In December 1991, Adobe released Adobe Premiere, which Adobe rebranded to ] in 2003. In 1994, Adobe acquired ] and added ] and ] to its product line later in the year; it also controls the ] file format. In 1995, Adobe added ], the long-document DTP application, to its product line after Adobe acquired Frame Technology Corp. In 1996, Adobe Systems Inc added ] Software Corp.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-18422328.html |title= Adobe gets font technology. (Adobe Systems Inc. acquires Ares Software Corp.) |date=June 3, 1996 |accessdate=Jul 12, 2013}}</ref> In 1999, Adobe introduced ] as a direct competitor to QuarkCopyDesk.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| ]).]]In 1992, Adobe acquired OCR Systems, Inc.; in 1994, the company acquired ]. On May 30, 1997, Adobe reincorporated in Delaware by merging with and into Adobe Systems (Delaware), which had incorporated on May 9, 1997. Adobe Systems Incorporated (Delaware), the surviving corporation, changed its name to Adobe Systems Incorporated concurrently with the merger.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| The company acquired GoLive Systems, Inc. and released ] in 1999 and began shipping ] as a direct competitor to ] and as an eventual replacement for ]. In May 2003, Adobe acquired Syntrillium Software, adding ] to its product line. In December 2004, French company OKYZ S.A., makers of 3D collaboration software, was acquired. This acquisition added 3D technology and expertise to the Adobe Intelligent Document Platform.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| On December 12, 2005, Adobe acquired its main rival ] in a ] valued at about $3.4 billion, adding ], ], ], ] (formerly Macromedia Breeze), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], Adobe Presenter, and ] to Adobe's product line.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jefferson|last=Graham|title=Adobe buys Macromedia in $3.4B deal|url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2005-04-18-adobe-macromedia_x.htm?csp=34|work=USA Today|date=April 18, 2005|accessdate=March 31, 2007}}</ref> | |||
| On November 12, 2007, CEO, ] resigned. Effective December 1, he was replaced by ], Adobe's current president and Chief Operating Officer. Bruce Chizen served out his term on Adobe's Board of Directors, and then continued in a strategic advisory role until the end of Adobe's 2008 ].{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} | |||
| Adobe released Adobe Media Player in April 2008. On April 27, Adobe discontinued development and sales of its older HTML/web development software, ] in favor of ]. Adobe offered a discount on Dreamweaver for GoLive users and supports those who still use GoLive with online tutorials and migration assistance. On June 1, Adobe launched ], a series of ]s geared for collaborative work.<ref name="AcrobatDotCom">{{cite web|url=http://blogs.adobe.com/acom/2008/06/welcome_to_acrobatcom_work_tog_1.html|title=Welcome to Acrobat.com – Work. Together. Anywhere.| date=June 1, 2008|accessdate=June 2, 2008|publisher=Adobe|first=Erik|last=Larson| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080603155243/http://blogs.adobe.com/acom/2008/06/welcome_to_acrobatcom_work_tog_1.html| archivedate= 3 June 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> Creative Suite 4, which includes Design, Web, Production Premium and Master Collection came out in October 2008 in six configurations at prices from about USD $1,700 to $2,500<ref>{{cite news|title=Adobe launches Creative Suite 4; Likely to top low expectations|url=http://blogs.zdnet.com/BTL/?p=10127|date=September 23, 2008|work=ZDNet|publisher=CBS|accessdate=September 23, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080924141406/http://blogs.zdnet.com/BTL/?p=10127| archivedate= 24 September 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> or by individual application.<ref name=Carlson /> The Windows version of Photoshop includes 64-bit processing.<ref name=Carlson>{{cite news|author=Carlson, Jeff|title=Adobe Announces Vast Creative Suite 4|url=http://db.tidbits.com/article/9782|date=September 23, 2008|publisher=TidBITS|accessdate=September 23, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080928100028/http://db.tidbits.com/article/9782| archivedate= 28 September 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> On December 3, 2008, Adobe laid off 600 of its employees (8% of the worldwide staff) citing the ]. | |||
| Adobe announced two acquisitions in 2009: on August 29, it purchased ],{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} and on September 15, it bought ].{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} On November 10, the company laid off 680 employees.<ref>{{cite news|last=Morrison|first=Scott|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704402404574528174100385780.html|title=Adobe Will Cut 680 Jobs to Reduce Costs|work=Wall Street Journal|date=November 10, 2009|accessdate=November 9, 2010}}</ref> Adobe announced it was investigating a "]" against corporate network systems in China, managed by the company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytech.com/Adobe%20Targeted%20by%20Cyber%20Attack%20from%20China/article17387.htm|title=Adobe Targeted by Cyber Attack from China| publisher=DailyTech|accessdate=May 29, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100525075211/http://www.dailytech.com/Adobe+Targeted+by+Cyber+Attack+from+China/article17387.htm| archivedate= 25 May 2010 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> | |||
| Adobe's 2010 was marked by continuing front-and-back arguments with Apple over the latter's non-support for Adobe Flash on its iPhone, iPad and other products.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.networkworld.com/news/2010/060710-tech-argument-apple-adobe.html|title=Apple vs. Adobe|publisher=networkworld.com|date=June 7, 2010|accessdate=July 28, 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110613123134/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2010/060710-tech-argument-apple-adobe.html| archivedate= 13 June 2011 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> Apple CEO Steve Jobs claimed that Flash was not reliable or secure enough, while Adobe executives have argued that Apple wish to maintain control over the iOS platform. In April 2010, Steve Jobs published a post titled "Thoughts on Flash" where he outlined his thoughts on ] and the rise of ].<ref name="Steve Jobs">{{cite web|publisher=]|url=http://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughts-on-flash/|title=Thoughts on Flash|accessdate=2012-07-10}}</ref> | |||
| In July 2010, Adobe bought ]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.cmswire.com/cms/web-cms/web-cms-adobe-buys-day-software-for-us-240-million-008168.php|title=Adobe Buys Day Software|date= July 28, 2010|accessdate=January 16, 2012}}</ref> integrating their line of CQ Products: WCM,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.day.com/day/en/products/web_content_management.html|title=Adobe CQ WEM|date=February 22, 2011|accessdate=January 16, 2012}}</ref> DAM,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.day.com/day/en/products/digital_asset_management.html|title=Adobe CQ DAM|date= February 22, 2011|accessdate=January 16, 2012}}</ref> SOCO,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.day.com/day/en/products/social_collaboration.html|title=Adobe CQ Social Collaboration CQ SOCO|date=February 22, 2011|accessdate=January 16, 2012}}</ref> and Mobile<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.day.com/day/en/products/mobile.html|title=Adobe CQ Mobile|date= February 22, 2011|accessdate=January 16, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| In January 2011, Adobe acquired DemDex, Inc with the intent of adding DemDex's audience-optimization software to its online marketing suite.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://techcrunch.com/2011/01/18/adobe-buys-behavioral-data-management-platform-demdex/| title=Adobe Buys Behavioral Data Management Platform DemDex| author=Leena Rao| date=January 18, 2011| publisher=TechCrunch| accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref> At Photoshop World 2011, Adobe unveiled a new mobile photo service.<ref name=Carousel>Darrell Etherington, GigaOm. "." September 7, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2011.</ref> Carousel is a new application for iPhone, iPad and Mac that uses Photoshop Lightroom technology for users to adjust and fine-tune images on all platforms.<ref name=Carousel/> Carousel will also allow users to automatically sync, share and browse photos.<ref name=Carousel/> The service was later renamed to "Adobe Revel".<ref>. Blogs.adobe.com (2012-01-11). Retrieved on 2013-07-21.</ref> On November 9, 2011, Adobe announced that they would cease development of Flash for mobile devices following version 11.1. Instead they will be focusing on HTML 5 for mobile devices.<ref>{{cite web|last=Winokur |first=Danny |url=http://blogs.adobe.com/conversations/2011/11/flash-focus.html |title=Flash to Focus on PC Browsing and Mobile Apps; Adobe to More Aggressively Contribute to HTML5 (Adobe Featured Blogs) |publisher=Blogs.adobe.com |date=November 9, 2011 |accessdate=December 24, 2011}}</ref> On December 1, 2011, Adobe announced that it has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire privately held ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/245198/adobe_buys_efficient_frontier_to_boost_its_online_advertising_capabilities.html |title=Adobe Buys Efficient Frontier to Boost Its Online Advertising Capabilities |accessdate=December 1, 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In December 2012, Adobe opened a new 280,000 square foot corporate campus in ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Jasen|title=A look inside Adobe's new state-of-the-art Utah home|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865568252/A-look-inside-Adobes-new-state-of-the-art-Utah-home.html?pg=all |newspaper=Deseret News |date=Dec 6, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| {{anchor|security breach}} | |||
| In 2013, Adobe Systems endured a major security breach. Vast portions of the source code for the company's software were stolen and posted online<ref>{{cite web|title=Adobe hack much worse than reported, hits 38 million passwords and Photoshop source code |publisher=The Verge |url=http://www.theverge.com/2013/10/29/5042434/adobe-cyberattack-takes-38-million-passwords-photoshop-source-code}}</ref> and over 150 million records of Adobe's customers have been made readily available for download.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theverge.com/2013/11/7/5078560/over-150-million-breached-records-from-adobe-hack-surface-online|title=Over 150 million breached records from Adobe hack have surfaced online.|publisher=The Verge}}</ref> In 2012, about 40 million sets of payment card information were compromised by a hack of Adobe.<ref name="Top 2014">Skimming Off the Top; Why America has such a hiugh rate of payment-card fraud, 15 February 2014, The Economist</ref> | |||
| A ] alleging that the company suppressed employee compensation was ], and three other ]-based companies in a ] federal district court in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20131025-706737.html |title=Judge Grants Class-Action Status in Silicon Valley Hiring Suit - WSJ.com |publisher=Online.wsj.com |date=2013-10-25 |accessdate=2013-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20131029194810/http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20131025-706737.html |archivedate=October 29, 2013 }}</ref> In May 2014, it was revealed the four companies, Adobe, ], ], and ] had reached agreement with the plaintiffs, 64,000 employees of the four companies, to pay a sum of $324.5 million to settle the suit. | |||
| ==Products== | |||
| {{Main|List of Adobe software}} | |||
| ; Desktop software | |||
| : ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] | |||
| ; Server software | |||
| : ], ] and ], ] | |||
| ; Formats | |||
| : ] (PDF), PDF's predecessor ], ], Shockwave Flash (]), ] (FLV), and ''Filmstrip'' (<tt>.flm</tt>)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.compuphase.com/filmstrp.htm|title=The Filmstrip file format|date=2012-07-02|author=Thiadmer Riemersma|accessdate=2015-01-27|publisher=CompuPhase}}</ref> | |||
| ; Web-hosted services | |||
| : ], ], and ] | |||
| ; Web design programs | |||
| : ], ], ], ], ], ], and ] | |||
| ; Video editing and visual effects | |||
| : ], ], ], and Adobe SpeedGrade | |||
| ; eLearning software | |||
| : ] | |||
| ;Web content management Software | |||
| : ] (AEM 6.0), ] | |||
| ==Reception== | |||
| For years hackers have exploited vulnerabilities in Adobe programs, such as Adobe Reader, to gain unauthorized access to computers.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pagliery |first=Jose |url=http://money.cnn.com/2013/10/08/technology/security/adobe-security/ |title=Adobe has an epically abysmal security record - CNNMoney |publisher=Money.cnn.com |date=2013-10-08 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> Adobe's Flash Player has also been criticized for, among other things, suffering from performance, memory usage and security problems (see ]). A report by security researchers from ] criticized Adobe for producing the products having top 10 security vulnerabilities.<ref>{{cite web|author=Aug 17, 2011 by Jeff James in Security Blog |url=http://windowsitpro.com/blog/adobe-fares-poorly-kaspersky-lab-security-report |title=Adobe Fares Poorly in Kaspersky Lab Security Report |publisher=WindowsITPro |date=2011-08-17 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| Observers noted that Adobe was spying on its customers by including ] in the Creative Suite 3 software and quietly sending user data to a firm named ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20071228/020818.shtml |title=Adobe Spying On Its Customers |publisher=Techdirt |date=2007-12-28 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> When users became aware, Adobe explained what the suspicious software did and admitted that they: "could and should do a better job taking security concerns into account".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.adobe.com/jnack/2007/12/adobe_ate_me_baby.html |title=John Nack on Adobe: Adobe ate me baby!! |publisher=Blogs.adobe.com |date=2007-12-28 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> When a security flaw was later discovered in Photoshop CS5, Adobe sparked outrage by saying it would leave the flaw unpatched, so anyone who wanted to use the software securely would have to pay for an upgrade.<ref>{{cite web|author=Login |url=http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/adobe-creative-suite-patch-backtrac-77760 |title=Adobe Backtracks On Patching ‘PR Disaster’ |publisher=TechWeekEurope |date=2012-05-14 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> Following a fierce backlash Adobe decided to provide the software patch.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brenner |first=Bill |url=http://blogs.csoonline.com/data-protection/2178/was-stupid-adobe |title=That was stupid, Adobe | CSO Blogs |publisher=Blogs.csoonline.com |date=2012-05-14 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| Adobe has been criticized for pushing unwanted software - third-party browser toolbars and free virus scanners, usually as part of the ] update process,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/adobe-and-skype-top-my-foistware-hall-of-shame/3195 |title=Adobe and Skype top my Foistware Hall of Shame |publisher=ZDNet |date=2011-04-28 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> and for pushing a third-party ] program designed to scare users into paying for unneeded system repairs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/adobes-latest-critical-security-update-pushes-scareware/4681 |title=Adobe's latest critical security update pushes scareware |publisher=ZDNet |date=2012-03-29 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| ===Awards=== | |||
| Since 1995, '']'' has ranked Adobe as an outstanding place to work. Adobe was rated the 5th best U.S. company to work for in 2003, 6th in 2004, 31st in 2007, 40th in 2008, 11th in 2009, 42nd in 2010, 65th in 2011, 41st in 2012, and 83rd in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2009/full_list/|title=100 Best Companies to Work For 2009|publisher=CNN}}</ref> | |||
| In 2015, Adobe Systems India was ranked 21st of great places to work in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatplacetowork.in/best-companies/indias-best-companies-to-work-for|title=Best Places to work in India}}</ref> In June 2014, it was ranked 6th of great places to work in India.,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatplacetowork.in/best-companies/indias-best-companies-to-work-for|title=Best Places to work in India by Economic times}}</ref> In October 2008, Adobe Systems Canada Inc. was named one of "]" by Mediacorp Canada Inc., and was featured in '']'' newsmagazine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluta.ca/top-employer-adobe-systems-canada|title=Reasons for Selection, 2009 Canada's Top 100 Employers Competition}}</ref> | |||
| Adobe ranked no. 5 on a list of ''Internet’s 9 Most Hated Companies'', based on a 2013 survey on ].<ref>{{cite web|author=08.20.13 |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/08/20/the-internet-s-9-most-hated-companies.html |title=The Internet’s 9 Most Hated Companies - The Daily Beast | Business |publisher=The Daily Beast |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> Adobe's ] and ] were listed on ''The 10 most hated programs of all time'' on ].<ref>{{cite web|author=Gary Marshall |url=http://www.techradar.com/news/software/applications/the-10-most-hated-programs-of-all-time-1060129 |title=The 10 most hated programs of all time: Terrible software that made everybody see red |publisher=TechRadar |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| ===Pricing=== | |||
| Adobe has been criticized for its pricing practices,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39497760,00.htm?r=1|title=Adobe responds to CS4 pricing criticism}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.builderau.com.au/news/soa/Adobe-defends-CS4-pricing/0,339028227,339292472,00.htm|title=Adobe defends CS4 pricing}}</ref> with retail prices being as much as twice as high in non-US countries as in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.creativepro.com/article/creative-suite-pricing-varies-throughout-world|title=Adobe responds to customer protests against perceived unfair pricing.}}</ref> As pointed out by many, it is significantly cheaper to pay for a return airfare ticket to the United States and purchase one particular collection of Adobe's software there than to buy it locally in Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gizmodo.com.au/2013/02/dont-believe-the-adobe-price-cut-hype-its-still-gauging-you-silly/| title=Don’t Believe The Adobe Price Cut Hype, It’s Still Gouging You Silly|publisher=Gizmodo}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/technology/technology-news/adobe-has-its-head-in-the-clouds-over-pricing-20130215-2ehat.html| title=Adobe has its head in the clouds over pricing|publisher=The Age - Technology | location=Melbourne}}</ref> | |||
| After Adobe revealed the pricing for the Creative Suite 3 Master Collection, which was £1,000 higher for European customers,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/uk-will-pay-1000-more-for-adobe-cs3-3039286561/ |title=UK will pay £1,000 more for Adobe CS3 |publisher=ZDNet |date=2007-03-30 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> a petition to protest over "unfair pricing" was published and signed by 10,000 users.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://photo.net/photography-news-forum/00LDbS |title=10,000 sign Adobe CS3 European pricing petition |publisher=Photo.net |date=2007-05-20 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> In June 2009, Adobe further increased its prices in the UK by 10% in spite of weakening of the pound against the dollar,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcpro.co.uk/news/254173/adobe-hikes-uk-prices-by-10.html|title=Adobe hikes UK prices by 10% | News|publisher=PC Pro|date=June 1, 2009|accessdate=May 29, 2010}}</ref> and UK users are not allowed to buy from the US store.<ref>{{cite news|author=Charles Arthur |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/jun/04/adobe-software |title=Adobe widens the price gap |publisher=The Guardian |date= June 3, 2009|accessdate=2014-05-23 |location=London}}</ref> | |||
| ==Source code and customer data breach== | |||
| On October 3, 2013, the company initially revealed that 2.9 million customers' sensitive and personal data was stolen in security breach which included encrypted credit card information.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-24392819 |title=Adobe in source code and customer data security breach|publisher=BBC |date=2013-10-04 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Adobe accounts hacked, data exposed for 2.9 million customers - Digital Photography Review |url=http://www.dpreview.com/news/2013/10/03/adobe-accounts-hacked-data-exposed-for-2-9-million-customers }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=King |first=Rachel |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1009_3-57605962-83/adobe-hacked-3-million-accounts-compromised/ |title=Adobe hacked, 3 million accounts compromised | Security & Privacy - CNET News}}</ref> Adobe later admitted that 38 million active users have been affected and the attackers obtained access to their IDs and encrypted passwords, as well as to many inactive Adobe accounts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1009_3-57609753-83/adobe-hack-attack-affected-38-million-accounts/ |title=Adobe hack attack affected 38 million accounts | Security & Privacy - CNET News |publisher=News.cnet.com |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/adobe-security-breach-actually-affected-closer-to-38-million-users-7000022560/ |title=Adobe security breach actually affected closer to 38 million users|publisher=ZDNet}}</ref> The company did not make it clear if all the personal information was encrypted, such as email addresses and physical addresses, though data privacy laws in 44 states require this information to be encrypted.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.kioskea.net/news/24146-adobe-cyber-attack-was-a-lesson-for-corporations|title=Adobe Cyber Attack was a Lesson for Corporations - Kioskea.net|date=2013-10-29 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2013/10/09/how-safe-is-encrypted-card-data-adobe/ |title=After Security Breach Exposes 2.9 Million Adobe Users, How Safe Is Encrypted Credit Card Data? |publisher=Forbes |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23 |first=Alex |last=Konrad}}</ref> | |||
| A 3.8 GB file stolen from Adobe and containing 152 million usernames, reversibly encrypted passwords and unencrypted password hints was posted on AnonNews.org.<ref>{{cite web|last=Goodin |first=Dan |url=http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/11/how-an-epic-blunder-by-adobe-could-strengthen-hand-of-password-crackers/ |title=How an epic blunder by Adobe could strengthen hand of password crackers | Ars Technica |publisher=Arstechnica.com |date=2013-11-01 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> ], a password security firm, said that Adobe failed to use best practices for securing the passwords and has not ] them.<ref>{{cite news|last=Finkle |first=Jim |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/11/07/us-adobe-cyberattack-idUKBRE9A61D220131107 |title=Trove of Adobe user data found on Web after breach: security firm | Reuters |publisher=Uk.reuters.com |date=2013-11-07 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csoonline.com/article/742570/adobe-confirms-stolen-passwords-were-encrypted-not-hashed|title=Adobe confirms stolen passwords were encrypted, not hashed - CSO Online}}</ref> Another security firm, ], showed that Adobe used a weak encryption method permitting the recovery of a lot of information with very little effort.<ref>{{cite web|author=Published on 5th November 2013 by Gareth Halfacree |url=http://www.bit-tech.net/news/bits/2013/11/05/adobe-breach-2/1 |title=Adobe data breach far worse than first claimed |publisher=bit-tech.net |date=2013-11-05 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> According to an ] expert, Adobe has failed its customers and ‘should hang their heads in shame’.<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith |first=Matt |url=http://business-technology.co.uk/2013/11/adobe-should-hang-their-heads-in-shame-following-cyber-attack/ |title=Adobe 'should hang their heads in shame' following cyber attack |publisher=Business Technology |date=2013-11-05 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| Many of the credit cards were tied to the ] software-by-subscription service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9243010/Adobe_hack_shows_subscription_software_vendors_lucrative_targets?pageNumber=1|title=Adobe hack shows subscription software vendors lucrative targets {{!}} Computerworld}}</ref> Adobe offered its affected US customers a free membership in a credit monitoring service, but no similar arrangements have been made for non-US customers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lifehacker.com.au/2013/10/massive-adobe-security-breach-change-your-passwords-now/ | title=Massive Adobe Security Breach: Change Your Passwords Now {{!}} Lifehacker Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gizmodo.com.au/2013/10/adobe-treating-australians-as-lesser-beings-even-after-details-of-2-9-million-accounts-were-stolen/| title=Adobe Treating Australians As Lesser Beings Even After Details Of 2.9 Million Accounts Were Stolen {{!}} Gizmodo Australia}}</ref> When a ] occurs in the US, penalties depend on the state where the victim resides, not where the company is based.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/11/25/us-adobe-cyberattack-idUKBRE9AO10R20131125|title=Adobe says breach notification taking longer than anticipated | Reuters | date=November 25, 2013}}</ref> | |||
| After stealing the customers' data, cyber-thieves also accessed Adobe's ] repository, likely in mid-August 2013.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.infoworld.com/t/application-security/adobe-fesses-hack-fudges-details-228189|title=Adobe fesses up to hack but fudges on details {{!}} Application security - InfoWorld}}</ref> Because ] acquired copies of the source code of Adobe ] products,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/04/adobe-hacked_n_4042351.html|title=BBC Adobe Hacked: Cyber-Thieves Accessed Credit Card Information Of Nearly 3 Million Customers | work=Huffington Post | date=October 4, 2013}}</ref> they could find and exploit any potential weaknesses in its security, computer experts warned.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/04/technology/adobe-announces-security-breach.html?_r=0|title=Adobe Announces Security Breach {{!}} The New York Times | first=David | last=Kocieniewski|date=October 3, 2013}}</ref> Security researcher Alex Holden, chief information security officer of Hold Security, characterized this Adobe breach, which affected ], ] and numerous other applications, as "one of the worst in US history".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gigaom.com/2013/10/07/ruh-roh-adobe-breach-is-just-the-beginning-researcher-says/ |title=Ruh-roh: Adobe breach is just the beginning, researcher says |publisher=Gigaom.com |date=2013-10-07 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> Adobe also announced that hackers stole parts of the source code of ], which according to commentators could allow programmers to copy its engineering techniques<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-24740873 |title=BBC News - Adobe hack: At least 38 million accounts breached |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2013-10-30 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> and would make it easier to pirate Adobe's expensive products.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/adam-levin/why-the-adobe-hack-scares_b_4277064.html |title=Why the Adobe Hack Scares Me - And Why It Should Scare You | Adam Levin |publisher=Huffingtonpost.com |date=2013-11-15 |accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | |||
| Published on a server of a Russian-speaking ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2054160/adobes-source-code-was-parked-on-hackers-unprotected-server.html| title=Adobe's source code was parked on hackers' unprotected server {{!}} PCWorld}}</ref> the "disclosure of encryption algorithms, other security schemes, and software vulnerabilities can be used to bypass protections for individual and corporate data" and may have opened the gateway to new generation ]s. Hackers already used ColdFusion exploits to make off with usernames and encrypted passwords of ]'s customers, which has been tied to the Adobe security breach.{{Citation needed|date=August 2014}} They also used a ColdFusion exploit to breach Washington state court and expose up to 160,000 Social Security numbers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/hackers-breached-washington-state-court-with-adobe-coldfusion-flaw-7000015199/|title=Hackers breached Washington state court with Adobe ColdFusion flaw {{!}} ZDNet}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| {{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|Companies|Information technology}} | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * '']'' | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commons category}} | |||
| * {{Official website|1=http://www.adobe.com}} | |||
| * {{cite web|url=http://www.famouslogos.net/adobe-logo/|title=Adobe Logo History}} | |||
| * {{cite web|url=https://www.adobe.com/uk/aboutadobe/pressroom/pdfs/timeline.pdf|title=Adobe timeline|format=PDF|archiveurl=http://www.archive.org/download/AdobeTimeline2005/timeline.pdf|archivedate=January 6, 2006}} | |||
| * | |||
| * {{cite web|title=Patents owned by Adobe Systems|work=US Patent & Trademark Office |url=http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2Fsearch-adv.htm&r=0&p=1&f=S&l=50&Query=an%2F%22Adobe+Systems%22&d=ptxt |accessdate=December 8, 2005}} | |||
| * | |||
| * {{cite web|url=http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/12/12518.html|publisher=Yahoo!|title=Adobe Systems Incorporated Company Profile}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Adobe Systems}} | |||
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| {{NASDAQ-100}} | |||
| {{SVG Plugins}} | |||
| {{Major information technology companies}} | |||
| {{Adobe Flash}} | |||
| {{Adobe Director}} | |||
| }} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| ] | |||
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Revision as of 14:53, 11 September 2015
{{Infobox company
|name = Adobe Systems Incorporated
|logo = 
|image = File:Adobe HQ.jpg
|image_size = 300px
|image_caption = Adobe Systems headquarters in San Jose, California
|type =
|traded_as = Nasdaq: ADBE
NASDAQ-100 Component
S&P 500 Component
|industry = Computer software
|foundation = Mountain View, California, U.S.
(February 28, 1982 (1982-02-28))
|founders = John Warnock and Charles Geschke