Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 23:25, 21 October 2015

Template:Infobox County Romania

Maramureș (Romanian pronunciation: [maraˈmureʃ] ) is a county (județ) of Romania, in the Maramureș region. The county seat is Baia Mare.

Name

In Hungarian, it is known as Máramaros megye, in Ukrainian as Мараморо́щина, and in German as Kreis Marmarosch.

History

Maramureș County as an administrative division within Romania was formed following the union of Transylvania with Romania. During World War II, it was ceded to Hungary, and after the war returned to Romania (see History of Maramureș).

• The 10th century frontier county of Borsova was founded by Stephen I of Hungary. Since then Máramaros served as the north-eastern border of the Hungarian Kingdom until 1920, the Trianon Peace Treaty.
• 11th century historical Maramureș counties separation from Borsova (Rom. Borșa)
• 1241 Tartar invasion decimated about half of the local population
• 14th century Duke (knyaz) Bogdan of Maramureș said to be founder of Moldova
• In the Middle Ages, the historical region of Maramureș was known for its salt mines and later for its lumber
• In 1920 after the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. The southern part (including Sighetu Marmației) became part of Romania.
• For more information regarding the history see Máramaros, referring the historical Hungarian name of the county.

Demographics

In 2011, the county had a population of 461,290 and a population density of 73.17 inhabitants per square kilometre (189.5/sq mi).

• Romanians - 82.38% (or 380,018)
• Hungarians - 7.53% (or 34,781)
• Ukrainians - 6.77% (or 31,234)
• Romani - 2.73% (or 12,638)
• Germans - 0.27% (or 1,243), and others.

In 1910, 18.4% of the county were Jewish.

Year	County population
1948	321,287
1956	367,114
1966	427,645
1977	492,860
1992	538,534
2002	510,110
2011	461,290

Geography

Maramureș County is situated in the northern part of Romania, and has a border with Ukraine. This county has a total area of 6,304 square kilometres (2,434 sq mi), of which 43% is covered by the Rodna Mountains, with its tallest peak, Pietrosul, at 2,303 metres (7,556 ft) altitude. Together with Gutâi and Țibleș mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the Eastern Carpathians. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by Tisa River and its main tributaries: Iza, Vișeu, and Mara rivers.

Neighbours

• Suceava County to the East.
• Satu Mare County to the West.
• Ukraine to the North - Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast.
• Sălaj County, Cluj County and Bistrița-Năsăud County to the South.

Economy

Maramureș is known for its pastoral and agricultural traditions, largely unscathed by the industrialisation campaign that had been carried on during Romania's communist period. Ploughing, planting, harvesting, and hay making and handling are mostly done through manual labour. The county is also home to a strong mining industry of extraction of metals other than iron. The industrial plants built around Baia Mare during the communist period heavily polluted the area in the past, but recently, due to the decline of the city's industrial activity, the area is less polluted.

Tourism

The region is known for its beautiful rural scenery, local small woodwork and craftwork industry as well as for its churches and original rural architecture. There are not many paved roads in rural areas, and most of them are usually accessible.

The county's main tourist attractions:

• The cities of Baia Mare and Sighetu Marmației.
• The villages on the Iza, Mara, and Vișeu Valleys.
  • The Wooden churches of Maramureș
  • The Wooden churches of Lăpuș
  • The Wooden churches of Chioar
  • The Merry Cemetery of Săpânța
• The Rodna Mountains.
• The landscape of Cavnic.

Administrative divisions

Maramureș County has 2 municipalities, 11 towns and 63 communes.

• Municipalities
  • Baia Mare - county seat; population: 114,925 (as of 2011)
  • Sighetu Marmației

• Towns
  • Baia Sprie
  • Borșa
  • Cavnic
  • Dragomirești
  • Săliștea de Sus
  • Seini
  • Șomcuta Mare
  • Târgu Lăpuș
  • Tăuții-Măgherăuș
  • Ulmeni
  • Vișeu de Sus

• Communes
  • Ardusat
  • Ariniș
  • Asuaju de Sus
  • Băița de sub Codru
  • Băiuț
  • Bârsana
  • Băsești
  • Bicaz
  • Bistra
  • Bocicoiu Mare
  • Bogdan Vodă
  • Boiu Mare
  • Botiza
  • Breb
  • Budești
  • Călinești
  • Câmpulung la Tisa
  • Cernești
  • Cicârlău
  • Coaș
  • Coltău
  • Copalnic-Mănăștur
  • Coroieni
  • Cupșeni
  • Desești
  • Dumbrăvița
  • Fărcașa
  • Gârdani
  • Giulești
  • Groși
  • Groșii Țibleșului
  • Ieud
  • Lăpuș
  • Leordina
  • Mireșu Mare
  • Moisei
  • Oarța de Jos
  • Ocna Șugatag
  • Onceşti
  • Petrova
  • Poienile de sub Munte
  • Poienile Izei
  • Recea
  • Remetea Chioarului
  • Remeți
  • Repedea
  • Rona de Jos
  • Rona de Sus
  • Rozavlea
  • Ruscova
  • Săcălășeni
  • Săcel
  • Sălsig
  • Săpânța
  • Sarasău
  • Satulung
  • Șieu
  • Șișești
  • Strâmtura
  • Suciu de Sus
  • Vadu Izei
  • Valea Chioarului
  • Vima Mică
  • Vișeu de Jos

People

Natives of the county include:

• Augustin Buzura
• Ștefan Hrușcă
• Paula Seling

References

1. National Institute of Statistics, "Populația după etnie"
2. National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002"

v t e Maramureș County, Romania
Cities	Baia Mare (county seat) Sighetu Marmației
Towns	Baia Sprie Borșa Cavnic Dragomirești Săliștea de Sus Seini Șomcuta Mare Târgu Lăpuș Tăuții-Măgherăuș Ulmeni Vișeu de Sus
Communes	Ardusat Ariniș Asuaju de Sus Băița de sub Codru Băiuț Bârsana Băsești Bicaz Bistra Bocicoiu Mare Bogdan Vodă Boiu Mare Botiza Budești Călinești Câmpulung la Tisa Cernești Cicârlău Coaș Coltău Copalnic-Mănăștur Coroieni Cupșeni Desești Dumbrăvița Fărcașa Gârdani Giulești Groși Groșii Țibleșului Ieud Lăpuș Leordina Mireșu Mare Moisei Oarța de Jos Ocna Șugatag Oncești Petrova Poienile de sub Munte Poienile Izei Recea Remetea Chioarului Remeți Repedea Rona de Jos Rona de Sus Rozavlea Ruscova Săcălășeni Săcel Sălsig Săpânța Sarasău Satulung Șieu Șișești Strâmtura Suciu de Sus Vadu Izei Valea Chioarului Vima Mică Vișeu de Jos

v t e Counties (județe) of Romania
Alba Arad Argeș Bacău Bihor Bistrița-Năsăud Botoșani Brașov Brăila Buzău Caraș-Severin Călărași Cluj Constanța Covasna Dâmbovița Dolj Galați Giurgiu Gorj Harghita Hunedoara Ialomița Iași Ilfov Maramureș Mehedinți Mureș Neamț Olt Prahova Satu Mare Sălaj Sibiu Suceava Teleorman Timiș Tulcea Vaslui Vâlcea Vrancea

47°40′22″N 24°00′18″E / 47.67278°N 24.00500°E / 47.67278; 24.00500

• Maramureș County
• Counties of Romania