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| '''Stage German''' ({{lang-de|Bühnendeutsch}}, {{IPA-de|ˈbyːnənˌdɔʏ̯t͡ʃ|pron|De-Bühnendeutsch.ogg}} or {{lang|de|''Bühnenaussprache''}} {{IPA-de|ˈbyːnənˌʔaʊ̯sʃpʁaːxə||De-Bühnenaussprache.ogg}}, {{lang-en|stage pronunciation}}) is a unified ] set of pronunciation rules for the ] language used in the theater of the ], which was established in the 19th century.{{sfnp|Mangold|2005|p=62}} Stage German is based on the phonetic values of the written language, and won a great reputation as a "pure ]" during that century. An example of this is the pronunciation of the suffix "-ig" pronounced like {{IPA|}}. Another element of Stage German is the "rolling R".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Topics/Pronunciation-2.htm| title=Pronunciation: Part 2 | accessdate=May 6, 2012 }}</ref> | '''Stage German''' ({{lang-de|Bühnendeutsch}}, {{IPA-de|ˈbyːnənˌdɔʏ̯t͡ʃ|pron|De-Bühnendeutsch.ogg}} or {{lang|de|''Bühnenaussprache''}} {{IPA-de|ˈbyːnənˌʔaʊ̯sʃpʁaːxə||De-Bühnenaussprache.ogg}}, {{lang-en|stage pronunciation}}) is a unified ] set of pronunciation rules for the ] language used in the theater of the ], which was established in the 19th century.{{sfnp|Mangold|2005|p=62}} Stage German is based on the phonetic values of the written language, and won a great reputation as a "pure ]" during that century. An example of this is the pronunciation of the suffix "-ig" pronounced like {{IPA|}}. Another element of Stage German is the "rolling R".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Topics/Pronunciation-2.htm| title=Pronunciation: Part 2 | accessdate=May 6, 2012 }}</ref> | ||
| == Characteristics == | |||
| === Pronunciation of {{IPA|/r/}} === | |||
| Until 1957, only two pronunciations were allowed: an alveolar trill {{IPAblink|r}} and an alveolar tap {{IPAblink|ɾ}}. After 1957, a uvular trill {{IPAblink|ʀ}} was also allowed. A voiced uvular fricative, used extensively in contemporary Standard German, is not allowed.{{sfnp|Mangold|2005|pp=53, 63}} | |||
| === Aspiration of {{IPA|/p, t, k/}} === | |||
| The voiceless plosives {{IPA|/p, t, k/}} are aspirated more strongly than in Standard German, though in exactly the same environments.{{sfnp|Mangold|2005|p=63}} | |||
| === Complete voicing of lenis obstruents === | |||
| The lenis obstruents {{IPA|/b, d, ɡ, v, (ð), z, ʒ, j, d͡ʒ/}} are fully voiced after voiceless obstruents.{{sfnp|Mangold|2005|p=63}} | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
Revision as of 17:29, 25 April 2016
Stage German (Template:Lang-de, pronounced [ˈbyːnənˌdɔʏ̯t͡ʃ] Audio file "De-Bühnendeutsch.ogg" not found or Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) [ˈbyːnənˌʔaʊ̯sʃpʁaːxə] , Template:Lang-en) is a unified German set of pronunciation rules for the German literary language used in the theater of the German-speaking countries, which was established in the 19th century. Stage German is based on the phonetic values of the written language, and won a great reputation as a "pure High German" during that century. An example of this is the pronunciation of the suffix "-ig" pronounced like . Another element of Stage German is the "rolling R".
Characteristics
Pronunciation of /r/
Until 1957, only two pronunciations were allowed: an alveolar trill [r] and an alveolar tap [ɾ]. After 1957, a uvular trill [ʀ] was also allowed. A voiced uvular fricative, used extensively in contemporary Standard German, is not allowed.
Aspiration of /p, t, k/
The voiceless plosives /p, t, k/ are aspirated more strongly than in Standard German, though in exactly the same environments.
Complete voicing of lenis obstruents
The lenis obstruents /b, d, ɡ, v, (ð), z, ʒ, j, d͡ʒ/ are fully voiced after voiceless obstruents.
See also
References
- Mangold (2005), p. 62.
- "Pronunciation: Part 2". Retrieved May 6, 2012.
- Mangold (2005), pp. 53, 63.
- ^ Mangold (2005), p. 63.
Bibliography
- Mangold, Max (2005), Das Aussprachewörterbuch (6th ed.), Duden, ISBN 978-3411040667