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| '''Psychobiotics''' |
'''Psychobiotics''' may be defined as those living organisms that on sufficient ingestion improve the condition of patients with ], or ], illnesses.<ref name="pmid23759244">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF | title=Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic. | journal=Biol Psychiatry | year= 2013 | volume= 74 | issue= 10 | pages= 720–6 | pmid=23759244 | doi=10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23759244 }}</ref><ref name="pmid26528128">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kelly JR, Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G, Hyland NP | title=Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders. | journal=Front Cell Neurosci | year= 2015 | volume= 9 | issue= | pages= 392 | pmid=26528128 | doi=10.3389/fncel.2015.00392 | pmc=4604320 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26528128 }}</ref><ref name="pmid25309394">{{cite journal|vauthors=Smythies LE, Smythies JR | title=Microbiota, the immune system, black moods and the brain-melancholia updated. | journal=Front Hum Neurosci | year= 2014 | volume= 8 | issue= | pages= 720 | pmid=25309394 | doi=10.3389/fnhum.2014.00720 | pmc=4163975 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25309394 }}</ref><ref name="pmid24422720">{{cite journal|vauthors=Selhub EM, Logan AC, Bested AC | title=Fermented foods, microbiota, and mental health: ancient practice meets nutritional psychiatry. | journal=J Physiol Anthropol | year= 2014 | volume= 33 | issue= | pages= 2 | pmid=24422720 | doi=10.1186/1880-6805-33-2 | pmc=3904694 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24422720 }}</ref> As of 2016, areas of active research include the ], ], and oral-microbiome.<ref name="CNS SystRev 2016"/><ref name="pmid23963608">{{cite journal|vauthors=Noble JM, Scarmeas N, Papapanou PN | title=Poor oral health as a chronic, potentially modifiable dementia risk factor: review of the literature. | journal=Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 13 | issue= 10 | pages= 384 | pmid=23963608 | doi=10.1007/s11910-013-0384-x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23963608 }}</ref> | ||
| A ] |
A ] of ] and preliminary human ]s conducted with commercial strains of probiotic bacteria found that '']'' and '']'' ] ('']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'') had ] potential for some ]s.<ref name="CNS SystRev 2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Lee IS, Braun C, Enck P | title = Effect of probiotics on central nervous system functions in animals and humans - a systematic review | journal = J. Neurogastroenterol Motil. | volume = | issue = | pages = | date = July 2016 | pmid = 27413138 | doi = 10.5056/jnm16018|quote=We reviewed the effect of probiotics on the central nervous system in randomized controlled trials in animals and humans, and analyzed the possibility of translating animal models to human studies because few human studies have been conducted to date. According to the qualitative analyses of current studies, we can provisionally draw the conclusion that B. longum, B. breve, B. infantis, L. helveticus, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and L. casei were most effective in improving CNS function, including psychiatric disease-associated functions (anxiety, depression, mood, stress response) and memory abilities.}}</ref> | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
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| == References == | == References == | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Revision as of 01:06, 6 November 2016
Psychobiotics may be defined as those living organisms that on sufficient ingestion improve the condition of patients with psychiatric, or neurological, illnesses. As of 2016, areas of active research include the gut–brain axis, enteric nervous system, and oral-microbiome.
A systematic review of preclinical studies and preliminary human clinical trials conducted with commercial strains of probiotic bacteria found that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera (B. longum, B. breve, B. infantis, L. helveticus, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and L. casei) had therapeutic potential for some central nervous system disorders.
See also
2References
- Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF (2013). "Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic". Biol Psychiatry. 74 (10): 720–6. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.001. PMID 23759244.
- Kelly JR, Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G, Hyland NP (2015). "Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders". Front Cell Neurosci. 9: 392. doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00392. PMC 4604320. PMID 26528128.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Smythies LE, Smythies JR (2014). "Microbiota, the immune system, black moods and the brain-melancholia updated". Front Hum Neurosci. 8: 720. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00720. PMC 4163975. PMID 25309394.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Selhub EM, Logan AC, Bested AC (2014). "Fermented foods, microbiota, and mental health: ancient practice meets nutritional psychiatry". J Physiol Anthropol. 33: 2. doi:10.1186/1880-6805-33-2. PMC 3904694. PMID 24422720.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Wang H, Lee IS, Braun C, Enck P (July 2016). "Effect of probiotics on central nervous system functions in animals and humans - a systematic review". J. Neurogastroenterol Motil. doi:10.5056/jnm16018. PMID 27413138.
We reviewed the effect of probiotics on the central nervous system in randomized controlled trials in animals and humans, and analyzed the possibility of translating animal models to human studies because few human studies have been conducted to date. According to the qualitative analyses of current studies, we can provisionally draw the conclusion that B. longum, B. breve, B. infantis, L. helveticus, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and L. casei were most effective in improving CNS function, including psychiatric disease-associated functions (anxiety, depression, mood, stress response) and memory abilities.
- Noble JM, Scarmeas N, Papapanou PN (2013). "Poor oral health as a chronic, potentially modifiable dementia risk factor: review of the literature". Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 13 (10): 384. doi:10.1007/s11910-013-0384-x. PMID 23963608.