Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 05:02, 17 February 2019

The Susan B. Anthony List (SBA List) is a 501(c)(4) non-profit organization that seeks to reduce and ultimately end abortion in the U.S. by supporting anti-abortion politicians, primarily women. It also has an education and research arm, called the Charlotte Lozier Institute. As of 2018, the organization reported it had 700,000 members.

Founded in 1993 by sociologist and psychologist Rachel MacNair, the SBA List was a response to the success of the abortion rights group EMILY's List, which was partly responsible for bringing about the 1992 "Year of the Woman", in which a significant number of women who favored abortion rights were elected to Congress. MacNair wished to help anti-abortion women gain high public office. She recruited Marjorie Dannenfelser and Jane Abraham as the first experienced leaders of SBA List. Dannenfelser is now president of the organization and Abraham is chairwoman of the board. Named for suffragist Susan B. Anthony, SBA List identifies itself with Anthony and several 19th-century women's rights activists. SBA List argues that Anthony was opposed to abortion, a view that is disputed by scholars and abortion-rights activists.

SBA List is heavily involved in elections, spending millions of dollars each year supporting anti-abortion candidates through its super PAC, called Women Speak Out.

Founding

The formation of the SBA List was catalyzed in March 1992 when Rachel MacNair, head of Feminists for Life, watched a 60 Minutes television documentary profiling IBM-heiress Ellen Malcolm and the successful campaign-funding activities of her Democratic abortion-rights group EMILY's List. MacNair, a peace activist and anti-abortion Quaker, was motivated to organize the Susan B. Anthony List for the purpose of countering EMILY's List by providing early campaign funds to anti-abortion women candidates. Led by FFL and MacNair, 15 anti-abortion groups formed an umbrella organization, the National Women's Coalition for Life (NWCL), which adopted a joint anti-abortion statement on April 3, 1992.

Also inspired by EMILY's List, in 1992, the WISH List was formed to promote Republican candidates who favored abortion rights. In November 1992, after many of the candidates who favored abortion rights won their races to create what was termed the "Year of the Woman", MacNair announced the formation of the SBA List, describing its purpose as endorsing and supporting women who held anti-abortion beliefs without regard to party affiliation. MacNair determined to challenge the EMILY's List and the WISH List notion that the top female politicians primarily supported abortion rights. She said the SBA List would not support right-wing political candidates. "We want good records on women's rights – probably not Phyllis Schlafly". The NWCL sponsored the SBA List with $2,485 to create it as a political action committee (PAC) on February 4, 1993, listing MacNair as the first secretary; the group operated out of MacNair's office inside a crisis pregnancy center on East 47th Street in Kansas City, Missouri. The first SBA List public event was held the same month at the Washington, D.C., headquarters of the National Woman's Party. Organized by founding board member Susan Gibbs, the "kickoff" event raised "more than $9000".

Susan B. Anthony and early feminist connection

MacNair named the SBA List after the famous suffragist, Susan B. Anthony. The leaders of the SBA List say that Anthony was "passionately pro-life". According to the SBA list, Susan B. Anthony "called abortion 'child murder'". This topic has been subject to a modern-day dispute about Anthony's views on abortion, with scholars and abortion-rights activists "concerned that their heroine is being appropriated". While Anthony deplored abortion, she never worked against it. Anthony scholar Ann D. Gordon and Anthony biographer Lynn Sherr say the quotes SBA List cites are misattributed or taken out of context. Gordon said that Anthony "never voiced an opinion about the sanctity of fetal life ... and she never voiced an opinion about using the power of the state to require that pregnancies be brought to term".

History

Early activities and re-organization

Founding board member Susan Gibbs, later the communications director for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington, said, of the early years for the SBA List, "None of us had political experience. None of us had PAC experience. We just had a passion for being pro-life." Shortly after its founding, experienced political activists Marjorie Dannenfelser and then Jane Abraham were brought on board — Dannenfelser served as executive director, leading the organization from her home in Arlington, Virginia. In 1994, the SBA List was successful in helping 8 of its 15 selected candidates gain office. In 1996, only two challengers who were financially backed were elected, while five SBA-List-supported incumbents retained their positions, a disappointing election for the group.

In 1997, the SBA List was re-organized by Dannenfelser and Abraham into its current form as a 501(c)(4) non-profit organization with a connected PAC, the SBA List Candidate Fund. Abraham became president and Dannenfelser held the position of Chairwoman of the Board. The rules for endorsing and financially supporting candidates were tightened: in addition to the politician having to be female, she must have demonstrated an anti-abortion record (a simple declaration was not enough), and she must be seen as likely to win her race. In 1998, the SBA List began backing male anti-abortion candidates as well, endorsing three men in a pilot program. One of the three won election to office: Republican Peter Fitzgerald who received $2,910 from the SBA List to assist him in his $12.3 million win over Democrat Carol Moseley Braun in a battle for the U.S. Senate seat in Illinois. Abraham served as president from 1997 until 2006 when Dannenfelser became president.

In 2000 the SBA List contributed $25,995 to its favored candidates, in contrast to the WISH List and EMILY's List, which contributed $608,273 and $20 million, respectively, to their favored candidates.

Recent history

Contributions from supporters grew by 50% from 2007 to 2009. As of December 2009, the SBA List had outspent the National Organization for Women in every election cycle since 1996.

Former Congresswoman Marilyn Musgrave joined the SBA List in March 2009 and works as a project director and spokesperson. The organization tried to keep abortion coverage out of any health care reform legislation in 2009 and 2010. It had targeted Senator Bob Casey to ensure abortion was not covered in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), and lobbied for the Stupak-Pitts Amendment to H.R. 3962 The group criticized Senator Ben Nelson for what it called a "fake compromise" on abortion in the PPACA and condemned the Christmas Eve passage of the Senate bill.

The group had planned to honor Rep. Bart Stupak (D-MI) at its March gala, but after Stupak's deal with President Obama, in which Obama would issue an executive order banning federal funding for abortion under the bill, Stupak was stripped of his "Defender of Life Award" three days before the gala because of the SBA List's doubts, shared by the most prominent anti-abortion groups, about the effectiveness of the Executive Order. Stupak had told Dannenfelser, "They know I won't fold. There is no way." On the day of the vote, Dannenfelser said she promised Stupak that the SBA List was "going to be involved in your defeat". In a statement, Dannenfelser said, "We were planning to honor Congressman Stupak for his efforts to keep abortion-funding out of health care reform. We will no longer be doing so...Let me be clear: any representative, including Rep. Stupak, who votes for this health care bill can no longer call themselves 'pro-life.'" No one received the award in his place, and Dannenfelser instead used the occasion to condemn Stupak. The group dropped its plans to help Stupak fend off a primary challenge from Connie Saltonstall, who decided to challenge Stupak on the basis of his anti-abortion views. Stupak later dropped out of the race, announcing his retirement from Congress.

In 2010, the SBA List hosted events featuring prominent anti-abortion political figures as speakers, including Sarah Palin, Minnesota Governor Tim Pawlenty and Rep. Michele Bachmann.

In August 2010, to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the ratification of the 19th Amendment, which granted women the right to vote, the SBA List held a colloquium with five scholars at the Yale Club of New York City, billed as "A Conversation on Pro-Life Feminism".

An SBA List project, "Votes Have Consequences", was headed by former Congresswoman Marilyn Musgrave and was aimed at defeating vulnerable candidates in 2010 whom they considered insufficiently anti-abortion, for instance those who supported health care reform. Under this project, the group endorsed Dan Coats of Indiana for Senate against Rep. Brad Ellsworth, who had voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. In January 2011, along with Americans for Tax Reform and The Daily Caller, the organization sponsored a debate between candidates for chair of the Republican National Committee.

Peter Roff writing for U.S. News and World Report credited the SBA List for the passage in the House of an amendment to defund Planned Parenthood of federal dollars for fiscal year 2011.

In March 2011, the SBA List teamed with Live Action for a bus tour through 13 congressional districts either thanking or condemning their representatives for their votes to defund Planned Parenthood of tax dollars in the Pence Amendment. In response, Planned Parenthood launched its own tour to follow the SBA List bus. The SBA List also bought $200,000 in radio and television ads backing six Republicans who voted to defund Planned Parenthood in response to a $200,000 ad buy by Planned Parenthood against the Pence Amendment.

In July 2011, the SBA List held a rally in New Hampshire supporting the New Hampshire Executive Council's decision to cut off state funding for Planned Parenthood. The SBA List has lobbied for passage of the Pain Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, a federal bill which would ban abortions after 20 weeks. Also in 2011, the SBA List founded the Charlotte Lozier Institute. Named after Charlotte Denman Lozier, the Institute has served as the SBA List's research and education institute ever since.

In a 2016 article in the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Tali Leinwand wrote that the SBA List encourages Republicans not to endorse personhood amendments, and attempts to link the anti-abortion movement to less controversial causes like opposition to the Affordable Care Act. These strategies, Leinwand argues, attempt to de-stigmatize the anti-abortion movement.

In May 2018, President Donald Trump addressed the SBA List's 11th Annual Campaign for Life Gala, becoming the first sitting President to address the group. In his address, Trump asked listeners to "vote for life."

Elections

2006 elections

The 2006 midterm elections were very successful for the SBA list. Their endorsed candidates won 21 of 38 contests.

2008 presidential election

The SBA List gained renewed attention during the 2008 presidential election following Sarah Palin's nomination for Vice President. They had endorsed her 2006 run for governor of Alaska. In 2008, the SBA List also started a social networking site and blog called "Team Sarah", which is "dedicated to advancing the values that Sarah Palin represents in the political process".

Palin headlined the organization's 2010 "Celebration of Life" breakfast fundraiser, an event which got extensive media coverage and in which she coined the term "mama grizzly".

According to Politico, Palin's criteria for endorsing candidates is whether they have the support of the Tea Party movement and whether they have the support of the SBA List.

2009 elections

In the 2009 special election to fill the vacant House seat for the New York's 23rd congressional district in upstate New York, the group endorsed Doug Hoffman, the candidate of the Conservative Party of New York, over the Republican candidate, Dede Scozzafava, who favors abortion rights. The SBA List spent over $100,000 on Hoffman's behalf, joining with the National Organization for Marriage and other socially conservative groups in supporting Hoffman's campaign.

2010 elections

For the 2010 elections, the SBA List planned to spend $6 million (including $3 million solely on U.S. Senate races) and endorsed several dozen candidates. The SBA List spent nearly $1.7 million on independent expenditure campaigns for or against 50 candidates.

The SBA List conducted a 23-city bus tour to the Congressional districts of self-described pro-life Democrats in Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania who voted for the health care reform bill and to rally supporters to vote them out. The bus tour attracted counterprotests at some stops, such as one in Pennsylvania where a group called Catholics United accused the SBA List of lying about health care reform.

The organization launched a "Life Speaking Out" petition to urge the Republican Party to include opposition to abortion in its Pledge to America. The petition was sent with over 20,000 signatures on it.

In the California Senate race, the group endorsed Carly Fiorina against incumbent Senator Barbara Boxer, and spent slightly under $235,000 in independent expenditures in support of Fiorina. The SBA List partnered with the National Organization for Marriage to air Spanish-language TV commercials attacking Boxer's positions on abortion and gay marriage. However, Boxer prevailed over Fiorina in the November 2010 election.

Other notable endorsements included Sharron Angle, who unsuccessfully challenged incumbent Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid in Nevada; the SBA List endorsed Angle despite having previously endorsed Angle's primary opponent, Sue Lowden. In September 2010, the SBA List launched a $150,000 campaign on behalf of New Hampshire Senate candidate Kelly Ayotte for the Republican primary. Ayotte won the primary to become the nominee, and later prevailed in the general election. In October 2010, the SBA List endorsed Joe Miller, Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in Alaska. The SBA List endorsed Miller after Sen. Lisa Murkowski decided to stage a write-in campaign after losing the Republican primary to Miller, and they launched a $10,000 radio campaign to air ads attacking Murkowski for turning a "deaf ear" to the will of voters who voted her out in the primary. Murkowski defeated Miller, who conceded after two months of court battles over contested ballots. 36 of the SBA List's 2010 endorsed candidates were elected.

Driehaus political ad litigation

In the 2010 campaign, the organization purchased billboard advertisements in the district of Rep. Steve Driehaus of Ohio that showed a photo of Driehaus and intoned, "Shame on Steve Driehaus! Driehaus voted FOR taxpayer-funded abortion" The advertisement referred to Driehaus's vote in favor of the health care overhaul bill. The SBA List has taken the position that the legislation in question allows for taxpayer-funded abortion, a claim which was ruled by a judge to be factually incorrect.

In response, Driehaus, who represented Ohio's heavily anti-abortion 1st congressional district, filed a complaint with the Ohio Elections Commission (OEC), claiming the advertisements were false and violated Ohio election law. The OEC ruled in Driehaus' favor in a probable cause hearing on October 14, 2010. In response, the SBA List asked a federal judge to issue an injunction against the OEC on the grounds that the law at issue stifles free speech and that its ads were based on the group's own interpretation of the law. The ACLU of Ohio filed an 18-page amicus brief on the SBA List's behalf, arguing that the Ohio law in question is "unconstitutionally vague" and has a "chilling" effect on the SBA List's right to freedom of speech. A federal judge rejected the SBA List's federal lawsuit on abstention grounds and allowed Driehaus's OEC complaint to move forward.

After the OEC complaint was filed, the SBA List began airing a radio ad in Driehaus's district in which Dannenfelser stated that the group " not be silenced or intimidated" by Driehaus's legal action. Driehaus persuaded the billboard company to withdraw the SBA List's advertisement, which was never erected. Driehaus lost the seat to Steve Chabot, the incumbent whom Driehaus had defeated two years earlier, in the November general election. Driehaus sued the SBA List in a second case on December 3, 2010, accusing the organization of defamation that caused him a "loss of livelihood", arguing the "First Amendment is not and never has been an invitation to concoct falsehoods aimed at depriving a person of his livelihood". The SBA List countered by stating the organization would "continue to defend the truth and the right to criticize our elected officials".

The List continued to seek to have the law in question overturned; the ACLU joined in the organization's fight against the law. On August 1, 2011, judge Timothy Black dismissed the SBA List's challenge to the Ohio law, holding that the federal court lacked jurisdiction since the billboards were never erected and the OEC never made a final ruling and denied a motion for summary judgment by the List in the defamation case, allowing Driehaus's defamation claims regarding other SBA List statements to go forward. Black also directed the SBA List to desist from claiming on its website that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) subsidized abortion as the law does not directly mention abortion. SBA List argued that its statements were opinions and were thus protected, but the court rejected this argument given that SBA List itself had claimed that this was a "fact".

On August 19, 2011, the SBA List appealed the decision on the Ohio law to the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. In May 2013, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the SBA List could not challenge the law under the First Amendment. On August 9, 2013, the SBA List petitioned the United States Supreme Court to review the law. On January 10, 2014, the Supreme Court accepted the case. The Court heard the case on April 22, 2014.

On June 16, 2014, the United States Supreme Court ruled 9-0 in SBA List's favor, allowing them to proceed in challenging the constitutionality of the law.

On September 11, 2014, Judge Timothy Black of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio struck down the law as unconstitutional. Black said in his ruling, "We do not want the government (i. e., the Ohio Elections Commission) deciding what is political truth — for fear that the government might persecute those who criticize it. Instead, in a democracy, the voters should decide."

2011 elections

In October 2011, the SBA List announced it would involve itself in the 2011 Virginia state Senate elections, endorsing challengers Bryce Reeves against Edd Houck; Caren Merrick against Barbara Favola for an open seat; Patricia Phillips against Mark Herring; and incumbent Sen. Jill Vogel in an effort to flip control of the state Senate, which the group described as a "graveyard for pro-life legislation". It also announced it was spending $25,000 against Sen. Edd Houck to expose his "extreme record on abortion". Merrick and Phillips lost, but Vogel won re-election and Reeves defeated Houck by just 222 votes.

2012 presidential election

In 2011, the SBA List began to ask 2012 Republican presidential candidates to sign a pledge to appointing only anti-abortion judicial nominees and cabinet members, preventing taxpayer funding of abortion, and supporting legislation to ban abortions after 20 weeks of pregnancy based on the fetal pain concept. Candidates Rick Perry, Tim Pawlenty, Michele Bachmann, Newt Gingrich, Rick Santorum, Thaddeus McCotter, Herman Cain, and Ron Paul all signed the pledge, but Mitt Romney, Jon Huntsman, Jr., and Gary Johnson declined. Romney's refusal (he said the pledge might have "unintended consequences") sparked heated criticism from the SBA List, some of the other candidates, and political observers given Romney's past support for legalized abortion. Huntsman said he would not sign any pledges from political groups during the campaign and was criticized by the SBA List as well. Cain initially said he agreed with the first three parts, but objected to the wording in the pledge which said he would have to "advance" the fetal pain bill; he said he would sign it but Congress would have to advance it. Cain later signed the pledge in November 2011. Johnson, who supports abortion rights, declined.

In August 2011, the SBA List, along with the Family Research Council and National Organization for Marriage, conducted a "Values Voter Bus Tour" in Iowa ahead of the Iowa Straw Poll. Candidates Pawlenty, Bachmann, and Santorum and other Republican elected officials, including Iowa Lt. Gov. Kim Reynolds and Reps. Steve King and Louie Gohmert, joined.

The SBA List endorsed Rick Santorum for the nomination, spending $512,000 on his behalf.

After Mitt Romney became the presumptive nominee for the Republican Party, the SBA List declared that former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was unqualified for Vice President due to her describing herself as "mildly pro-choice".

In August, SBA released an ad featuring anti-abortion activist Melissa Ohden who says she survived an abortion in 1977. The ad criticized Barack Obama, claiming that while serving in the Illinois Senate, he voted four times to deny medical care to infants born alive during failed abortion procedures. In a 2008 analysis, FactCheck drew a mixed conclusion overall, finding both the SBA List and Obama had made misleading and/or inaccurate comments regarding Obama's voting record on the topic in question while he served in the United States Senate.

2013 Virginia gubernatorial election

The SBA List made the 2013 Virginia gubernatorial election a priority for 2013, endorsing Ken Cuccinelli and pledging to spend $1.5 million in the election through its Virginia PAC, Women Speak Out. Cuccinelli was defeated narrowly in the general election by Democratic nominee Terry McAuliffe.

2014 elections

The SBA List spent $15.25 million in the 2014 elections.

2016 elections

SBA List made no endorsements in the 2016 presidential primaries, but Dannenfelser signed on to a letter from ten anti-abortion women activists urging Republican primary voters to "support anyone but Donald Trump". After Trump won the primary, Dannenfelser attended a meeting between Trump and prominent evangelicals and said she was impressed by Trump's commitments to defund Planned Parenthood, sign the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, and appoint a pro-life Supreme Court justice to replace Antonin Scalia. Dannenfelser said after the meeting that she would personally support backing Trump, but did not know what SBAL's political arm would decide to do. When Trump was deciding on a vice presidential nominee, SBA List responded to reports that Michael Flynn was being considered by saying Flynn had "disqualified himself from consideration as Vice President" by his support of abortion, and his selection "would undermine the pro-life policy commitments that Mr. Trump has made throughout the campaign." After Mike Pence was chosen, SBA List said "Mike Pence is a pro-life trailblazer, and Mr. Trump could not have made a better choice." They also said the Pence selection was "an affirmation of the pro-life commitments he’s made and will rally the pro-life grassroots." Dannenfelser stated during the 2016 Republican National Convention that the group would decide whether to formally endorse Trump and lend its organizational support after the convention. In September 2016, Dannenfelser was named chairwoman of Trump's pro-life coalition. In a letter from Trump released by SBA List, Trump committed to making the Hyde Amendment permanent, defunding Planned Parenthood, signing the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, and appointing pro-life Supreme Court justices. The SBA List contacted several hundred thousand voters in Florida, Ohio, and Missouri during the campaign. The SBA List spent $18 million in the 2016 elections.

2017 elections

The SBA List endorsed Greg Gianforte in the special election for Montana's at-large congressional seat in May 2017, and knocked on 31,000 doors to drive voter turnout in the election. SBAL also endorsed Karen Handel in the June 2017 special election for Georgia's 6th congressional district, spending $90,000 to support Handel.

2018 elections

SBAL began canvassing against Democrats up for re-election in Ohio and Florida in the 2018 midterm elections in 2017.

The SBA List typically endorses Republicans, but in 2018 they endorsed Democrat Dan Lipinski in a primary election against his challenger, Marie Newman, who favors abortion rights. The SBA List spent six figures on direct mail and other advertising for Lipinski in his primary, and sent a 70-person canvassing team to turn out voters for Lipinski. Lipinski is one of the few Democrats left that the group considers an ally, and Dannenfelser called him "a pro-life hero of legendary courage and integrity". After Lipinski voted against the Affordable Care Act due to concerns over taxpayer funding of abortion, the group told him "that they would always be there to fight for him if he ever came under fire." Lipinski won the primary by roughly 2,000 votes, and the SBA List, which knocked on 17,000 doors in the district to support Lipinski, was credited with helping to pull him across the finish line.

In the summer of 2018, SBAL had hundreds of canvassers dispatched across six battleground states. As of July 2018, they had knocked doors at 1.2 million homes nationwide and were seeking to reach 2 million by November.

SBAL spent a total of nearly $30 million supporting anti-abortion Senate candidates in the 2018 election cycle.

See also

• Concerned Women for America
• Consistent life ethic

References

1. ^ Kennedy, Angela (1997). Swimming against the tide: feminist dissent on the issue of abortion. Open Air. p. 117. ISBN 1-85182-267-4. Rachel MacNair ...is the founder of the Susan B. Anthony List...
2. "People At". Susan B. Anthony List. Archived from the original on January 30, 1998. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
3. ^ "SBA List - About Susan B. Anthony List". www.sba-list.org.
4. "SUSAN B ANTHONY LIST INC - GuideStar Profile". www2.guidestar.org.
5. "SBA List Mission: Advancing, Mobilizing and Representing Pro-Life Women". Susan B. Anthony List. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2014. ...dedicated to electing candidates and pursuing policies that will reduce and ultimately end abortion... {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
6. Electing Archived 2010-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, Susan B. Anthony List website; accessed June 17, 2014.
7. The Intensity Gap (New Yorker)
8. ^ Sadler, Joanne (1997). "Pro-Life Women for Congress". Crisis. 15 (1). Brownson Institute: 30–33.
9. Alexander, Herbert E.; Corrado, Anthony (1995). Financing the 1992 election. American political institutions and public policy. Vol. 9. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 212–213. ISBN 1-56324-437-3.
10. "National Women's Coalition for Life Statement of Commitment". Priests for Life. April 3, 1992. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
11. Felder, Deborah G. (2003). "A Century of Women: The Most Influential Events in Twentieth-Century Women's History". Citadel Press. p. 304.
12. ^ "Feminist launches PAC for pro-lifers – Sees lopsided 'Year of the Woman'". The Washington Times. San Francisco, California. November 7, 1992. As a feminist who opposes abortion, Rachel MacNair could find only one flaw in Tuesday's 'Year of the Woman' electoral triumph. All the women newly elected to the House and Senate were pro-choice. That's no accident, she says, since women's fund-raising organizations like EMILY's List and WISH List refuse to support pro-life candidates... 'We want good records on women's rights - probably not Phyllis Schlafly,' said Ms. MacNair. Candidates from the right wing 'are precisely who we're not going to be supporting.'
13. Day, Christine L.; Hadley, Charles D. (2005). Women's PACs: abortion and elections. Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 21. ISBN 0-13-117448-7. When listed together, the three PACs will generally be listed in the order in which they were founded: EMILY's List in 1986, The WISH List in 1992, and the Anthony List in 1993.
14. Stange, Mary Zeiss; Oyster, Carol K.; Sloan, Jane E. (2011). Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World. SAGE. p. 474. ISBN 1-4129-7685-5.
15. The SBA List was formed as a political action committee with the Federal Election Commission identification number C00280057.
16. "Feminist Launches Pro-Life Political Action Committee (PAC)". Life Communications. 3 (19). September 1993.
17. ^ Zuckerman, Ed (1994). Almanac of federal PACs. Amward Publications. p. 354. ISBN 0-939676-11-7.
18. "Page by Page Report Display (Page 1 of 2)". Federal Election Commission. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
19. "Page by Page Report Display (page 6 of 13)". Federal Election Commission. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
20. ^ Esposito, Joseph (November 22, 1998). "Efforts to Elect Pro-Life Women Are Paying Off: In short time, political neophytes' initiative has become a growing force". National Catholic Register. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
21. Groer, Anne (May 1993). Working Woman. 18. MacDonald Communications: 10. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
22. Flynn, Tom; Dawkins, Richard (2007). The New Encyclopedia of Unbelief. Prometheus Books. p. 825. ISBN 1-59102-391-2.
23. "Commentary". Fidelity. 12. Wanderer Forum Foundation: 24. 1992. To counter the influx of prochoice women who have just entered Congress, Rachel MacNair, head of Feminists for Life, has formed a political action committee ... To the consternation of feminist prochoicers, she's named it the Susan B. Anthony List.
24. "Susan B. Anthony: Pro-life Feminist", The Washington Post, May 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
25. "SBA List – Early Suffragists". Archived from the original on 2010-01-15. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
26. Whitehead, D. (2011). "Feminism, Religion, and the Politics of History". Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, 27(2), 3-9. doi:10.2979/jfemistudreli.27.2.3
27. ^ Stevens, Allison (2006-10-06). "Susan B. Anthony's Abortion Position Spurs Scuffle". Women's eNews. Retrieved 2009-11-21.
28. Gordon, Ann D.; Sherr, Lynn (May 21, 2010). "Sarah Palin Is No Susan B. Anthony". On Faith (blog). WashingtonPost.com. Retrieved October 22, 2010.
29. Schiff, Stacy (October 13, 2006). "Desperately Seeking Susan". The New York Times. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
30. Ertelt, Steve (July 1994). "Announcements: Susan B. Anthony List Seeks Support". Life Communications. 4 (10).
31. "SBA List History".
32. "Leadership". Susan B. Anthony List. Archived from the original on August 15, 2000. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
33. "Susan B. Anthony List Contributions to Federal Candidates – 1998". Influence & Lobbying: PACs. OpenSecrets.org. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
34. Morris, Dwight (December 7, 1998). "The Bogeyman Unmasked: TV in the '98 Senate Races". Washington Post. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
35. Stevens, Allison (September 22, 2006). "Election Victories Reveal a PAC's Rising Influence". Women's eNews. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
36. Swers, Michele L. (2002). The difference women make: the policy impact of women in Congress. University of Chicago Press. p. 155. ISBN 0-226-78647-1.
37. Wayne, Stephen J.; Wilcox, Clyde (2002). The election of the century and what it tells us about the future of American politics. M.E. Sharpe. p. 118. ISBN 0-7656-0743-3.
38. "Health Bill Revives Abortion Groups", New York Times, November 24, 2009.
39. Under Obama, Abortion Rights Advocates Try To Build Steam, nationaljournal.com, December 2009; accessed June 17, 2014.
40. "Former Rep. Musgrave Takes Job With Susan B. Anthony List". Roll Call. 12 March 2009.
41. "Abortion Foes Aren't Buying Obama's Assurances", Los Angeles Times
42. "The Abortion Hurdle: Can a Pro-Life Dem Bridge the Health Care Divide?", time.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
43. "Group Runs Anti-Abortion Ad Against Casey", cqpolitics.com, December 2009; accessed June 17, 2014.
44. "Pro-Life Groups Applaud Passage of Stupak Amendment to Stop Abortion Funding", LifeNews
45. "Pro-Life Group Blasts Nelson Compromise", politico.com, December 2009; accessed June 17, 2014.
46. "Reaction from Across Political Spectrum to Health Vote", Boston Globe, December 2009.
47. ^ "Choice, Life Groups Slam Obama Order on Abortion Funding", Fox News, March 21, 2010.
48. "Stupak Award Rescinded", CNN, Mar. 22, 2010
49. "Stupak Stripped of 'Defender of Life' Award He Was to Receive this Week", The Hill
50. ^ Horowitz, Jason (14 May 2010). "Woman who supported abortion rights experienced evolution that changed her mind". Washington Post.
51. ^ "Without Stupak, Anti-Abortion Group's Dinner Goes On", New York Times, March 24, 2010.
52. Saltonstall, Connie (31 May 2010). "Why I Decided to Challenge Bart Stupak in the Democratic Primary".
53. Davey, Monica (2010-04-09). "Under Fire for Abortion Deal, Stupak to Retire". The New York Times. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
54. "Tim Pawlenty, Michele Bachmann Headline Anti-Abortion Fundraiser" Politico, March 2010]
55. "Susan B. Anthony Gala" The Hill
56. ^ "Reaching Out to the Woman in the Yellow Sweater", Slate, The XX Factor Blog, August 26, 2010
57. "A Conversation on Pro-life Feminism", SBA List website; accessed June 17, 2014.
58. "Musgrave to Pilot Pro-Life Push", Politico, March 2009; accessed June 17, 2014.
59. "Indiana Senate Candidate Dan Coats Gets Pro-Life Backing Over Ellsworth", lifenews.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
60. "Steele Meets Challengers For GOP Chairmanship", npr.org, January 3, 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
61. "House Votes to Defund Planned Parenthood Over Abortion", February 18, 2011.
62. "LiveAction, Planned Parenthood Embark On Rival Bus Tours".
63. "Planned Parenthood, Susan B. Anthony List put up dueling ads", washingtonpost.com, February 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
64. N.H. activists laud end of Planned Parenthood contract, necn.com, July 15, 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
65. Bolton, Alexander (May 13, 2014). "McConnell and Graham push for abortion ban at 20 weeks". The Hill.
66. "About Us". Charlotte Lozier Institute website. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
67. ^ Leinwand, Tali (2016). "STRANGE BEDFELLOWS: THE DESTIGMATIZATION OF ANTI-ABORTION REFORM". Columbia Journal of Gender and Law. 30: 529–548.
68. "Trump touts anti-abortion agenda at gala speech," CNN.com, May 22, 2018, retrieved May 26, 2018.
69. "Trump wades into abortion politics as midterms approach," CBSnews.com, May 22, 2018, retrieved May 26, 2018.
70. "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkmYV12Y9sM President Donald Trump Speaks At Susan B. Anthony List Gala," NBC News on Youtube, May 22, 2018, retrieved May 26, 2018.
71. "Trump, speaking at pro-life gala, urges supporters to vote 'for life,' GOP," Foxnews.com, May 22, 2018, retrieved May 26, 2018.
72. "Trump Rallies Conservatives With Promise Of More Abortion Curbs," HuffPost, May 23, 2018, retrieved May 26, 2018.
73. Crespin, M., & Deitz, J. (2010). If You Can't Join 'Em, Beat 'Em: The Gender Gap in Individual Donations to Congressional Candidates. Political Research Quarterly, 63(3), 581-593. JSTOR 25747960
74. "Pro-Life Groups Excited John McCain Picks Sarah Palin, Both Oppose Abortion", LifeNews
75. "Team Sarah" website, teamsarah.org; accessed June 17, 2014.
76. "Palin Hits Campaign Trail for Anti-Abortion Group", CNN, May 14, 2010.
77. "Sarah Palin Boosts 'Mom Awakening'", Politico, May 14, 2010.
78. "Sarah Palin Issues a Call to Action to 'Mama Grizzlies'", Washington Post, May 14, 2010.
79. "Palin Tells Women's Group Washington Should Beware of 'Mama Grizzlies'", Associated Press, May 14, 2010.
80. "Sarah Palin, Mike Huckabee bid for conservative base", Politico; accessed June 17, 2014.
81. "Club for Growth Backs Hoffman, Too", The Hill; accessed June 17, 2014.
82. Bill Pascoe, The New York 23 hits its tipping point", NBC News (October 29, 2009).
83. SBA List 2009 independent expenditures, Center for Responsive Politics.
84. "Conservative Loses Upstate House Race in Blow to Right", November 4, 2009; accessed June 17, 2014.
85. "For GOP Women, 2010 May Not Be Their Year", Los Angeles Times, July 24, 2010.
86. "Abortion an issue in Senate races".
87. "Susan B. Anthony List Candidate Fund: 2010 Endorsed Candidates".
88. SBA List expenditures, Center for Responsive Politics; accessed June 17, 2014.
89. "Celebrating 'Suffrage to Success': Are All Women Invited to the Party?", Politics Daily, August 8, 2010.
90. "Organization to Host Bus Tour", thebraziltimes.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
91. "First Stop for Pro-Life Bus Tour: Cincinnati", August 6, 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
92. "Catholic Groups Protest SBA List Tour", politico.com, August 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
93. "Some Supporters Fret as GOP Readies Agenda - RealClearPolitics".
94. "Abortion activists target GOP".
95. Social conservatives confident views will be in new GOP contract, thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
96. "Fiorina Endorsed by Major Anti-Abortion Group in California Senate Race", thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
97. Louis Jacobson, Carly Fiorina says Planned Parenthood gives 'millions' to candidates, Politifact (October 5, 2015).
98. "Conservatives hit Boxer on marriage, abortion, in Spanish", politico.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
99. "Outside groups appeal to Latinos on Fiorina's behalf". Los Angeles Times. 6 October 2010.
100. "Barbara Boxer defeats Carly Fiorina in Senate race".
101. "Senate Democratic Leader Reid Wins Re-Election Bid" – via www.bloomberg.com.
102. "Pro-Life Group Endorses Sue Lowden for Senate", CNN, Mar. 30, 2010
103. "Pro-Life Groups Back Sharron Angle in Nevada After Primary Election Victory", LifeNews
104. "SBA List works to boost Ayotte in final stretch".
105. "Ayotte wins GOP nod in N.H."
106. "Ayotte wins U.S. Senate seat". Unionleader.com. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
107. "Susan B Anthony List endorses Miller".
108. "Anti-abortion group backs Miller, targets Sen. Murkowski", thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
109. "Miller Ends Fight, Concedes Alaska Race", foxnews.com, December 31, 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
110. SBA List 2010 Winning Candidates list, sba-list.org; accessed June 17, 2014.
111. ^ "Driehaus sues to stop abortion attacks".
112. ^ "Driehaus suit against SBA List moves forward", politico.com; December 3, 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
113. ^ "Defeated Pro-Life Democrat Driehaus Sues Pro-Life Group", lifenews.com, December 3, 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
114. ^ Judge: Reform doesn't fund abortion, politico.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
115. ^ "Ohio Democrat files election complaint over pro-life group's billboard", catholicnewsagency.com; accessed May 31, 2014.
116. Judge Allows Driehaus Case against Susan B. Anthony List to Move Forward, lifesitenews.com; accessed May 31, 2014.
117. Susan B. Anthony List (18 October 2010). "Fox News: SBA List Fights for Billboards in Ohio (Full Story)" – via YouTube.
118. "ACLU joins fight over anti-Driehaus billboards", cincinnati.com; October 20, 2010; accessed June 17, 2014.
119. "ACLU of Ohio Files Amicus Brief on SBA List's Behalf - Susan B. Anthony List". www.sba-list.org.
120. "Federal Judge Denies Ohio Election Law Challenge From Susan B. Anthony List", medicalnewstoday.com; accessed May 31, 2014.
121. "SBA List: What Rep. Driehaus Doesn't Want You to Hear". PodOmatic.
122. "Rep. Driehaus files defamation lawsuit over SBA List's abortion funding claims", catholicnewsagency.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
123. Battle over Ohio law that targeted anti-abortion ads heats up, thehill.com; accessed May 31, 2014.
124. "Cincinnati Enquirer - cincinnati.com". Cincinnati.com.
125. Order at Justia website; retrieved August 3, 2011.
126. Mann, Benjamin. "Defamation Lawsuit Against Susan B. Anthony List Continues". NCRegister.com. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
127. Bassett, Laura (October 13, 2011). "Protect Life Act Passes House: Congress Passes Controversial Anti-Abortion Bill". Huffington Post. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
128. Baker, Sam (August 1, 2011). "Court: No tax-funded abortion in healthcare law". The Hill.
129. Baker, Sam (18 August 2011). "SBA List appeals ruling on healthcare law and abortion".
130. SBA List Petitions Supreme Court in First Amendment Case, sba-list.org; accessed May 31, 2014.
131. "Anti-abortion group asks Supreme Court to strike limits on political speech", thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
132. Supreme Court petition No. 13-193, supremecourt.gov; accessed May 31, 2014.
133. Susan B. Anthony List, et al. v. Steven Driehaus, et al., no. 13-193, (docket); retrieved April 7, 2014.
134. Justices rule for SBA List in speech case, thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
135. "Judge strikes down Ohio law on election lies".
136. "Case No. 1:10-cv-720" (PDF).
137. "Pro-Life Group to Target Houck, Announces Virginia State Senate Endorsements - Susan B. Anthony List". www.sba-list.org.
138. "Anti-abortion group targets Sen. Houck". Washington Post.
139. "Democrat Edd Houck concedes Virginia Senate race; Republicans lock up hold on power". Washington Post.
140. ^ McKelway, Doug (20 June 2011). "Frontrunner Romney Takes Heat Over Abortion Pledge".
141. "Ron Paul Adviser Criticizes Mitt Romney For Declining Abortion Pledge", huffingtonpost.com, June 20, 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
142. "Michele Bachmann becomes third GOPer to get glittered, blasts Mitt Romney for his abortion policy", nydailynews.com, June 20, 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
143. ^ "Susan B. Anthony List keeps up anti-abortion pledge pressure", politico.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
144. "Herman Cain Declines to Sign Pro-Life Pledge". ABC News.
145. "Herman Cain signs anti-abortion pledge", politico.com, November 2011; accessed June 17, 2014.
146. ^ Social cons tour Iowa ahead of straw poll
147. "Pawlenty, Santorum to join socially conservative bus tour", thehill.com; accessed June 17, 2014.
148. Maggie Haberman, Anti-abortion group SBA List to endorse Santorum, Politico (February 17, 2012).
149. Targeted Candidates, 2012 Cycle, Center for Responsive Politics.
150. Burns, Alexander (July 13, 2012). "SBA List: Condoleezza Rice unacceptable". Politico.
151. Yadron, Danny (July 13, 2012). "Anti-Abortion Activists Call Rice Unqualified". Wall Street Journal.
152. ^ Flock, Elizabeth (August 29, 2012). "Alleged Abortion Survivor Ad Airs in Missouri". U.S. News and World Report. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
153. Burns, Alexander (August 27, 2012). "SBA List to launch Missouri ads against Obama on abortion". Retrieved September 9, 2012.
154. Henig, Jess (August 25, 2008), Obama and 'Infanticide': The facts about Obama's votes against 'Born Alive' bills in Illinois, retrieved September 24, 2012
155. Haines, Errin, Women's issues factoring into Va. governor's race early, The Washington Post, February 28, 2013; accessed May 31, 2014.
156. Anti-abortion group Susan B. Anthony List endorses Ken Cuccinelli, politico.com; accessed May 31, 2014.
157. By the Numbers: 2014 Midterm Elections
158. Antiabortion activists to Iowa voters: ‘Support anyone but Donald Trump’ (Washington Post)
159. Donald Trump Asks for Evangelicals’ Support and Questions Hillary Clinton’s Faith (New York Times)
160. Evangelicals still lack faith in Trump (Politico)
161. Potential Trump VP on Abortion: ‘Women Have to Be Able to Choose’ (NBC)
162. Donald Trump officially picks Mike Pence as his running mate (Washington Post)
163. Pence plugs enthusiasm gap for anti-abortion voters (Politico)
164. Why America’s Christian leaders tolerate Trump (Politico)
165. Meet Marjorie Dannenfelser: The woman set to make Donald Trump's anti-abortion policies a reality (Telegraph)
166. Trump toughens anti-abortion stance (The Hill)
167. The Fight on the Ground (US News & World Report)
168. Ripley, Amanda, What it will take for women to win, Politico, December 6, 2017.
169. SBA List Celebrates Greg Gianforte Victory in Montana
170. Hagen, Liz, "Abortion Rights, Opposition Groups Spend $1M On 6th District Race", WABE, June 23, 2017.
171. In Florida and Ohio, Susan B. Anthony List is already canvassing against Democrats in 2018 races (USA Today)
172. ^ Anti-abortion group tries to rescue a ... Democrat (!) (McClatchy DC)
173. Kamisar, Ben, "Anti-abortion group rallies behind Dem in primary fight", The Hill, March 15, 2018.
174. ^ Why an Anti-Abortion Advocacy Group Went All-In for an Illinois Democrat
175. Anti-Abortion Advocates Don't Usually Support Democrats, But They Are Going All In For One In Illinois (BuzzFeed)
176. AN ANTI-ABORTION GROUP HELPED DAN LIPINSKI TO VICTORY—NOW THEY'RE GOING AFTER OTHER PRO-LIFE DEMOCRATS (Newsweek)
177. ^ ‘I’m Doing It for the Babies’: Inside the Ground Game to Reverse Roe v. Wade (New York Times)
178. Here’s how abortion rights played out in midterm elections across the country (Washington Post)

External links

• Official website

• Women's political advocacy groups in the United States
• Anti-abortion organizations in the United States
• 501(c)(4) nonprofit organizations
• Organizations established in 1993
• Political organizations in the United States
• Susan B. Anthony List
• 1993 establishments in the United States