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A '''condensation reaction''' is a class of organic ] that typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a ] (hence named condensation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fakirov|first=S.|date=2019-02-01|title=Condensation Polymers: Their Chemical Peculiarities Offer Great Opportunities|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670018302090|journal=Progress in Polymer Science|volume=89|pages=1–18|doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.003|issn=0079-6700}}</ref>. The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and formation of a small molecule such as ammonia, ethanol, or acetic acid instead of water.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/C/C01238.html|title=Condensation Reaction|website=IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book)|publisher=IUPAC|accessdate=7 December 2017}}</ref> It is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and the ].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Fundamentals of Biochemistry|last=Voet|first=Donald|last2=Voet|first2=Judith|last3=Pratt|first3=Chriss|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|year=2008|isbn=978-0470-12930-2|location=Hoboken, NJ|pages=88}}</ref> A '''condensation reaction''' is a class of organic ] that typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a ] (hence named condensation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fakirov|first=S.|date=2019-02-01|title=Condensation Polymers: Their Chemical Peculiarities Offer Great Opportunities|journal=Progress in Polymer Science|volume=89|pages=1–18|doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.003|issn=0079-6700}}</ref>. The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and formation of a small molecule such as ammonia, ethanol, or acetic acid instead of water.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/C/C01238.html|title=Condensation Reaction|website=IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book)|publisher=IUPAC|accessdate=7 December 2017}}</ref> It is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and the ].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Fundamentals of Biochemistry|last=Voet|first=Donald|last2=Voet|first2=Judith|last3=Pratt|first3=Chriss|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|year=2008|isbn=978-0470-12930-2|location=Hoboken, NJ|pages=88}}</ref>


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Revision as of 22:40, 18 July 2019

A condensation reaction is a class of organic addition reaction that typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a water molecule (hence named condensation). The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and formation of a small molecule such as ammonia, ethanol, or acetic acid instead of water. It is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and the biosynthesis of fatty acids.

Idealized scheme showing condensation of two amino acids to give a peptide bond.

Many variations of condensation reactions exist, common examples include the aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, and the Dieckman condensation (intramolecular Claisen condensation).

See also

References

  1. Fakirov, S. (2019-02-01). "Condensation Polymers: Their Chemical Peculiarities Offer Great Opportunities". Progress in Polymer Science. 89: 1–18. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.003. ISSN 0079-6700.
  2. "Condensation Reaction". IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book). IUPAC. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  3. Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith; Pratt, Chriss (2008). Fundamentals of Biochemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 88. ISBN 978-0470-12930-2.
  4. Bruckner, Reinhard (2002). Advanced Organic Chemistry (First ed.). San Diego, California: Harcourt Academic Press. pp. 414–427. ISBN 0-12-138110-2.
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