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| {{for|the town in Bangladesh|Chandal, Bangladesh}} | {{for|the town in Bangladesh|Chandal, Bangladesh}} | ||
| '''Chandala''' is a ] word for someone who deals with disposal of ], and is a ] lower ].<ref name="Pariah">{{cite book |first=Rupa |last=Viswanath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EP4YBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA268 |title=The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2014 |page=268 |isbn=978-0-23116-306-4}}</ref> | '''Chandala''' is a ] word for someone who deals with disposal of ], and is a ] lower ], traditionally considered to be ].<ref name="Pariah">{{cite book |first=Rupa |last=Viswanath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EP4YBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA268 |title=The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2014 |page=268 |isbn=978-0-23116-306-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Meghadutam |first=Ashok Kumar |last=Jha |publisher=PartridgeIndia |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-48289-494-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j_2DAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA101 |page=101}}</ref> | ||
| == Classification == | |||
| ⚫ | In |
||
| ] was a hierarchical social order in ancient India, based on the ]. Since the Vedic corpus constitute the earliest literary source, it came to be seen as the origin of caste society. In this ] view of caste, varnas were created on a particular occasion and have remained virtually unchanged. In this ordering of society, notions of purity and pollution were central, and activities were delineated in this context. Varna divides the society into four groups ordered in a hierarchy; beyond these, outside the system, lies a fifth group known as the ''untouchables'', of which the Chandala became a constituent part.<ref>{{cite book |title=Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 |first=Romila |last=Thapar |authorlink=Romila Thapar |publisher=University of California Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-52024-225-8 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC&pg=PA63 |pages=63, 511}}</ref> | |||
| Chandalas are also referred to as ''shva-pacha'' (dog-eater in Sanskrit). Anybody who consumed ] was considered to be a chandala. | |||
| ⚫ | In modern Indian usage, ''Chandal'' is a general derogatory slur used to refer to a filthy, mean or low person.<ref name="Pariah"/><ref>{{cite book |first=A. K. |last=Biswas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z15uAAAAMAAJ|title=The Namasudras of Bengal: profile of a persecuted people |publisher=Blumoon Books |year=2000 |page=viii |quotation=Though he is physically almost practically unknown, save and except in Bengal, calling someone a Chandal is the ultimate insult and humiliation of a Hindu anywhere under the sun.}}</ref> | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
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| {{ethnic slurs}} | {{ethnic slurs}} | ||
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Revision as of 03:58, 18 December 2019
For the town in Bangladesh, see Chandal, Bangladesh.
Chandala is a Sanskrit word for someone who deals with disposal of corpses, and is a Hindu lower caste, traditionally considered to be untouchable.
Classification
Varna was a hierarchical social order in ancient India, based on the Vedas. Since the Vedic corpus constitute the earliest literary source, it came to be seen as the origin of caste society. In this Brahmanical view of caste, varnas were created on a particular occasion and have remained virtually unchanged. In this ordering of society, notions of purity and pollution were central, and activities were delineated in this context. Varna divides the society into four groups ordered in a hierarchy; beyond these, outside the system, lies a fifth group known as the untouchables, of which the Chandala became a constituent part. Chandalas are also referred to as shva-pacha (dog-eater in Sanskrit). Anybody who consumed dog meat was considered to be a chandala.
In modern Indian usage, Chandal is a general derogatory slur used to refer to a filthy, mean or low person.
See also
References
- ^ Viswanath, Rupa (2014). The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India. Columbia University Press. p. 268. ISBN 978-0-23116-306-4.
- Jha, Ashok Kumar (2013). Meghadutam. PartridgeIndia. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-48289-494-3.
- Thapar, Romila (2004). Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. University of California Press. pp. 63, 511. ISBN 978-0-52024-225-8.
- Biswas, A. K. (2000). The Namasudras of Bengal: profile of a persecuted people. Blumoon Books. p. viii.
Though he is physically almost practically unknown, save and except in Bengal, calling someone a Chandal is the ultimate insult and humiliation of a Hindu anywhere under the sun.
Further reading
- Anna Dallapiccola, Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend, ISBN 0-500-51088-1