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Fagradalsfjall is a vent of the ] in the ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja |url=http://icelandicvolcanos.is/?volcano=KRY# |website=icelandicvolcanos.is |publisher=Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> It is situated within a zone of active rifting in a ] between the Eurasian and North American plates. Fagradalsfjall is a vent of the ] in the ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja |url=http://icelandicvolcanos.is/?volcano=KRY# |website=icelandicvolcanos.is |publisher=Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> It is situated within a zone of active rifting in a ] between the Eurasian and North American plates.


==2020–21 activity== ==2020–21 activity at Geldingadalir==
Beginning December 2019 and into March 2021, a swarm of earthquakes, two of which reached a magnitude of 5.6, rocked the Reykjanes Peninsula, sparking concerns that an eruption was imminent.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peltier |first1=Elian |title=In Iceland, 18,000 Earthquakes Over Days Signal Possible Eruption on the Horizon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/04/world/europe/earthquakes-eruption-iceland.html |access-date=March 20, 2021 |work=The New York Times|date=March 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=M 5.6 - 11 km SW of Álftanes, Iceland |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000ca0k/executive |website=USGS-ANSS |publisher=USGS |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=M 5.6 - 6 km SE of Vogar, Iceland |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000dkmk/executive |website=USGS-ANSS |publisher=USGS |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> The earthquakes were thought to have been triggered by dyke intrusions and magma moving under the peninsula.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hafstað |first1=Vala |title=Earthquakes on Reykjanes Peninsula Explained |url=https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2021/03/18/earthquakes_on_reykjanes_peninsula_explained/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=iceland monitor |publisher=iceland monitor |date=March 18, 2021}}</ref> Minor damage to homes were reported by the 5.6 earthquake on February 4.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Frímann|first1=Jón|title=Earthquake with magnitude Mw5,7 in Reykjanes volcano (update at 12:28 UTC) |url=https://icelandgeology.net/?p=8915 |website=Iceland Geology |publisher=Iceland Geology|access-date=March 20, 2021 |date=February 24, 2021}}</ref> In the past three weeks, more than 40,000 tremors have been recorded by seismographs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Volcano erupts near Iceland's capital Reykjavik |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56465393 |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=BBC |publisher=BBC |date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> Beginning December 2019 and into March 2021, a swarm of earthquakes, two of which reached a magnitude of 5.6, rocked the Reykjanes Peninsula, sparking concerns that an eruption was imminent.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peltier |first1=Elian |title=In Iceland, 18,000 Earthquakes Over Days Signal Possible Eruption on the Horizon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/04/world/europe/earthquakes-eruption-iceland.html |access-date=March 20, 2021 |work=The New York Times|date=March 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=M 5.6 - 11 km SW of Álftanes, Iceland |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000ca0k/executive |website=USGS-ANSS |publisher=USGS |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=M 5.6 - 6 km SE of Vogar, Iceland |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000dkmk/executive |website=USGS-ANSS |publisher=USGS |access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> The earthquakes were thought to have been triggered by dyke intrusions and magma moving under the peninsula.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hafstað |first1=Vala |title=Earthquakes on Reykjanes Peninsula Explained |url=https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2021/03/18/earthquakes_on_reykjanes_peninsula_explained/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=iceland monitor |publisher=iceland monitor |date=March 18, 2021}}</ref> Minor damage to homes were reported by the 5.6 earthquake on February 4.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Frímann|first1=Jón|title=Earthquake with magnitude Mw5,7 in Reykjanes volcano (update at 12:28 UTC) |url=https://icelandgeology.net/?p=8915 |website=Iceland Geology |publisher=Iceland Geology|access-date=March 20, 2021 |date=February 24, 2021}}</ref> In the past three weeks, more than 40,000 tremors have been recorded by seismographs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Volcano erupts near Iceland's capital Reykjavik |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56465393 |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=BBC |publisher=BBC |date=March 20, 2021}}</ref>


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] ]


On March 19 2021, an ] started just before 9:30 pm ] in Geldingadalir to the south of Fagradalsfjall,<ref name=":0" /> the first known eruption on the peninsula in about 800 years. Fagradalsfjall has been ] for 6,000 years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Long Dormant Volcano Comes to Life in Southwestern Iceland |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/news/articles/2021-03-19/long-dormant-volcano-comes-to-life-in-southwestern-iceland |access-date=March 20, 2021 |publisher=US News |agency=Associated Press |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hafstað |first1=Vala |title=‘Best Possible Location’ for Eruption |url=https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2021/03/20/best_possible_location_for_eruption_video/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=iceland monitor |publisher=iceland monitor |date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> The eruptive activity was first announced by the ] at 9:40 pm.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fontaine |first1=Andie Sophia |title=Eruption At Fagradalsfjall |url=https://grapevine.is/news/2021/03/19/breaking-eruption-at-fagradalsfjall/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=Reykjavik Grapevine |publisher=Reykjavik Grapevine |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref> Reports stated a {{Convert|600-700|m|ft|5=-long|adj=mid}} fissure vent began ejecting lava,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Elliott|first1=Alexander|title=Volcanic eruption: what we know so far |url=https://www.ruv.is/frett/2021/03/19/volcanic-eruption-what-we-know-so-far |access-date=March 20, 2021 |publisher=RÚV |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref> which covered an area of less than {{convert|1|km2|mi2}}. {{As of|2021|March|20|alt=As of the following day}}, the lava flows posed no threat to residents, as the area is mostly uninhabited, although there is potential for sulfur dioxide pollution.<ref name=France24>{{cite news| url= https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210320-iceland-volcano-reykjavik-eruption| title="Small" volcanic eruption in Iceland lights up night sky near Reykjavik| work=]| date=March 20, 2021| access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> On March 19 2021, an ] started just before 9:30 pm ] in ] to the south of Fagradalsfjall,<ref name=":0" /> the first known eruption on the peninsula in about 800 years. Fagradalsfjall has been ] for 6,000 years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Long Dormant Volcano Comes to Life in Southwestern Iceland |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/news/articles/2021-03-19/long-dormant-volcano-comes-to-life-in-southwestern-iceland |access-date=March 20, 2021 |publisher=US News |agency=Associated Press |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hafstað |first1=Vala |title=‘Best Possible Location’ for Eruption |url=https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2021/03/20/best_possible_location_for_eruption_video/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=iceland monitor |publisher=iceland monitor |date=March 20, 2021}}</ref> The eruptive activity was first announced by the ] at 9:40 pm.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fontaine |first1=Andie Sophia |title=Eruption At Fagradalsfjall |url=https://grapevine.is/news/2021/03/19/breaking-eruption-at-fagradalsfjall/ |access-date=March 20, 2021 |agency=Reykjavik Grapevine |publisher=Reykjavik Grapevine |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref> Reports stated a {{Convert|600-700|m|ft|5=-long|adj=mid}} fissure vent began ejecting lava,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Elliott|first1=Alexander|title=Volcanic eruption: what we know so far |url=https://www.ruv.is/frett/2021/03/19/volcanic-eruption-what-we-know-so-far |access-date=March 20, 2021 |publisher=RÚV |date=March 19, 2021}}</ref> which covered an area of less than {{convert|1|km2|mi2}}. {{As of|2021|March|20|alt=As of the following day}}, the lava flows posed no threat to residents, as the area is mostly uninhabited, although there is potential for sulfur dioxide pollution.<ref name=France24>{{cite news| url= https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210320-iceland-volcano-reykjavik-eruption| title="Small" volcanic eruption in Iceland lights up night sky near Reykjavik| work=]| date=March 20, 2021| access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref>


==Accident== ==Accident==

Revision as of 00:40, 22 March 2021

Volcano in Iceland
Fagradalsfjall
Highest point
ElevationMountain: 385 m (1,263 ft)
Coordinates63°53′19″N 22°16′10″W / 63.8885°N 22.2695°W / 63.8885; -22.2695
Geography
Fagradalsfjall is located in IcelandFagradalsfjallFagradalsfjallIceland
Geology
Mountain typeFissure vent
Volcanic arcKrýsuvík (volcanic system)
Last eruptionMarch 2021 (ongoing)

Fagradalsfjall (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈfaɣratalsˌfjatl̥]) is a shield volcano and tuya with multiple prominences located on the Reykjanes Peninsula, around 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Reykjavík. A volcanic eruption began on 19 March 2021 in Geldingadalir to the south of Fagradalsfjall, which is still ongoing.

The name is a compound of the Icelandic words fagur ("beautiful"), dalur ("valley") and fjall ("mountain").

Tectonic setting

Fagradalsfjall is a vent of the Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja volcanic system in the Southern Peninsula. It is situated within a zone of active rifting in a divergent boundary between the Eurasian and North American plates.

2020–21 activity at Geldingadalir

Beginning December 2019 and into March 2021, a swarm of earthquakes, two of which reached a magnitude of 5.6, rocked the Reykjanes Peninsula, sparking concerns that an eruption was imminent. The earthquakes were thought to have been triggered by dyke intrusions and magma moving under the peninsula. Minor damage to homes were reported by the 5.6 earthquake on February 4. In the past three weeks, more than 40,000 tremors have been recorded by seismographs.

Eruption south of Fagradalsfjall

Beginning of 2021 eruption on March 19th

On March 19 2021, an effusive eruption started just before 9:30 pm local time in Geldingadalir to the south of Fagradalsfjall, the first known eruption on the peninsula in about 800 years. Fagradalsfjall has been dormant for 6,000 years. The eruptive activity was first announced by the Icelandic Meteorological Office at 9:40 pm. Reports stated a 600–700-metre-long (2,000–2,300 ft) fissure vent began ejecting lava, which covered an area of less than 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi). As of the following day, the lava flows posed no threat to residents, as the area is mostly uninhabited, although there is potential for sulfur dioxide pollution.

Accident

On May 3, 1943, LTG Frank Maxwell Andrews, a US Army senior officer and founder of the United States Army Air Forces, along with fourteen others were killed when their B-24 aircraft Hot Stuff crashed into the side of the volcano.

See also

References

  1. "Fagradalsfjall volcano". Volcano Discovery. Volcano Discovery. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  2. "Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  3. Guardian staff and agencies (March 20, 2021). "Iceland volcano: eruption under way in Fagradalsfjall near Reykjavik". The Guardian. The Guardian. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  4. ^ ""Small" volcanic eruption in Iceland lights up night sky near Reykjavik". France 24. March 20, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  5. ^ "Upptök gossins eru í Geldingadal". www.mbl.is (in Icelandic). Retrieved March 21, 2021.
  6. "Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja". icelandicvolcanos.is. Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  7. Peltier, Elian (March 4, 2021). "In Iceland, 18,000 Earthquakes Over Days Signal Possible Eruption on the Horizon". The New York Times. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  8. "M 5.6 - 11 km SW of Álftanes, Iceland". USGS-ANSS. USGS. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  9. "M 5.6 - 6 km SE of Vogar, Iceland". USGS-ANSS. USGS. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  10. Hafstað, Vala (March 18, 2021). "Earthquakes on Reykjanes Peninsula Explained". iceland monitor. iceland monitor. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  11. Frímann, Jón (February 24, 2021). "Earthquake with magnitude Mw5,7 in Reykjanes volcano (update at 12:28 UTC)". Iceland Geology. Iceland Geology. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  12. "Volcano erupts near Iceland's capital Reykjavik". BBC. BBC. March 20, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  13. "Long Dormant Volcano Comes to Life in Southwestern Iceland". US News. Associated Press. March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  14. Hafstað, Vala (March 20, 2021). "'Best Possible Location' for Eruption". iceland monitor. iceland monitor. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  15. Fontaine, Andie Sophia (March 19, 2021). "Eruption At Fagradalsfjall". Reykjavik Grapevine. Reykjavik Grapevine. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  16. Elliott, Alexander (March 19, 2021). "Volcanic eruption: what we know so far". RÚV. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  17. "MT FAGRADALSFJALL". Visit Reykjanes. Visit Reykjanes. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  18. Yenne, Bill (2015). Hit the Target: Eight Men who Led The Eighth Air Force to Victory Over the Luftwaffe. Penguin Group. p. 184. ISBN 9780698155015.

External links

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