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Revision as of 15:49, 16 May 2021 editCoronantivirus (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users562 edits http://19th.cpcnews.cn/ COMMON & OFFICIAL Party name CPC was used always in this article. Renaming to CCP is vandalism. WARNING: Stop malicious propaganda war of renaming CPC to CCP!!!Tags: Undo Reverted← Previous edit Revision as of 15:55, 16 May 2021 edit undoAmigao (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users71,541 editsm Reverted 1 edit by Coronantivirus (talk) to last revision by AmigaoTags: Twinkle UndoNext edit →
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|motto = "]" |motto = "]"
|employees = |employees =
|budget = {{CNY|37.2}} trillion (2019)<ref>{{cite web |title = Unraveling the Mysteries of China’s Multiple Budgets |url = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-13/unraveling-the-mysteries-of-china-s-multiple-budgets-quicktake |website=Bloomberg |date=13 March 2020 |access-date=27 April 2021 }}</ref> |budget = {{CNY|37.2}} trillion (2019)<ref>{{cite web |title=Unraveling the Mysteries of China’s Multiple Budgets |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-13/unraveling-the-mysteries-of-china-s-multiple-budgets-quicktake |website=Bloomberg |date=13 March 2020 |access-date=27 April 2021}}</ref>
|chief1_name = ] |chief1_name = ]
|chief1_position = ] |chief1_position = ]
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|footnotes = |footnotes =
}} }}

⚫ {{Politics of China |expanded = Executive }}

{{Infobox Chinese {{Infobox Chinese
|s = 中华人民共和国国务院 |s = 中华人民共和国国务院
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|order = st |order = st
}} }}
⚫ {{Politics of China |expanded = Executive }}


The '''State Council'''<!--Do not add the languages here, it’s covered in the infobox above-->, ]<ref name="Constitution:85" /> synonymous with the '''Central People's Government''' since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the ] of the ].<ref name="statecouncil">{{cite web |url = http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/data/organs/statecouncil.shtml |title = The State Council |website = English.peopledaily.com.cn |access-date = 2018-01-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141122210947/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/data/organs/statecouncil.shtml |archive-date = 2014-11-22 |url-status = live }}</ref> It is chaired by the ] and includes the heads of each of the ].<ref name="gov">{{cite web |url = http://www.gov.cn/english/2005-08/05/content_20763.htm |title = The State Council |website = Gov.cn |access-date = 2018-01-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171114022240/http://www.gov.cn/english/2005-08/05/content_20763.htm |archive-date = 2017-11-14 |url-status = live }}</ref> Currently, the council has 35 members: the premier, one executive vice premier, three other vice premiers, five state councillors (of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary-general), and 26 in charge of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/articles/2010/0517_china_cabinet_members_li/0517_china_cabinet_members_li.pdf |title = Archived copy |access-date = 2011-12-04 |url-status = dead |archive-url = http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20111024005715/http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/articles/2010/0517_china_cabinet_members_li/0517_china_cabinet_members_li.pdf |archive-date = 2011-10-24 }}</ref> In the ], the Central People's Government forms one of three interlocking branches of power, the others being the ] (CPC) and the ] (PLA). The State Council directly oversees the various subordinate People's Governments in the provinces, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the Chinese Communist Party. The '''State Council'''<!--Do not add the languages here, it’s covered in the infobox above-->, ]<ref name="Constitution:85" /> synonymous with the '''Central People's Government''' since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the ] of the ].<ref name="statecouncil">{{cite web |url = http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/data/organs/statecouncil.shtml |title = The State Council |website = English.peopledaily.com.cn |access-date = 2018-01-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141122210947/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/data/organs/statecouncil.shtml |archive-date = 2014-11-22 |url-status = live }}</ref> It is chaired by the ] and includes the heads of each of the ].<ref name="gov">{{cite web |url = http://www.gov.cn/english/2005-08/05/content_20763.htm |title = The State Council |website = Gov.cn |access-date = 2018-01-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171114022240/http://www.gov.cn/english/2005-08/05/content_20763.htm |archive-date = 2017-11-14 |url-status = live }}</ref> Currently, the council has 35 members: the premier, one executive vice premier, three other vice premiers, five state councillors (of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary-general), and 26 in charge of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/articles/2010/0517_china_cabinet_members_li/0517_china_cabinet_members_li.pdf |title = Archived copy |access-date = 2011-12-04 |url-status = dead |archive-url = http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20111024005715/http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/articles/2010/0517_china_cabinet_members_li/0517_china_cabinet_members_li.pdf |archive-date = 2011-10-24 }}</ref> In the ], the Central People's Government forms one of three interlocking branches of power, the others being the ] (CCP) and the ] (PLA). The State Council directly oversees the various subordinate People's Governments in the provinces, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the Chinese Communist Party.


== Organization == == Organization ==
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The State Council, like all other governmental bodies, is nominally responsible to the NPC and its ] in conducting a wide range of government functions both at the national and at the local levels, and nominally acts by virtue of the NPC's authority. In practice, however, the NPC had historically done little more than ratify decisions already made by the State Council. More recently, however, the NPC has taken on a more independent role. There has been at least one case where the NPC has outright rejected an initiative of the State Council and a few cases where the State Council has withdrawn or greatly modified a proposal in response to NPC opposition. The State Council, like all other governmental bodies, is nominally responsible to the NPC and its ] in conducting a wide range of government functions both at the national and at the local levels, and nominally acts by virtue of the NPC's authority. In practice, however, the NPC had historically done little more than ratify decisions already made by the State Council. More recently, however, the NPC has taken on a more independent role. There has been at least one case where the NPC has outright rejected an initiative of the State Council and a few cases where the State Council has withdrawn or greatly modified a proposal in response to NPC opposition.


The State Council and the Chinese Communist Party are also tightly interlocked. With rare exceptions, State Councillors are high-ranking members of the CPC. Although, as Party members, they are supposed to follow Party instructions, because they tend to be senior members of the Party they also have substantial influence over what those instructions are. This results in a system which is unlike the Soviet practice in which the Party effectively controlled the State. Rather, the Party and State are fused at this level of government. The members of the State Council derive their authority from being members of the state, while as members of the Party they coordinate their activities and determine key decisions such as the naming of personnel. The State Council and the Chinese Communist Party are also tightly interlocked. With rare exceptions, State Councillors are high-ranking members of the CCP. Although, as Party members, they are supposed to follow Party instructions, because they tend to be senior members of the Party they also have substantial influence over what those instructions are. This results in a system which is unlike the Soviet practice in which the Party effectively controlled the State. Rather, the Party and State are fused at this level of government. The members of the State Council derive their authority from being members of the state, while as members of the Party they coordinate their activities and determine key decisions such as the naming of personnel.


There were attempts to separate the party and state in the late 1980s under ] and ] and have the Party in charge of formulating policy and the State Council executing policy, but these efforts were largely abandoned in the early 1990s. There were attempts to separate the party and state in the late 1980s under ] and ] and have the Party in charge of formulating policy and the State Council executing policy, but these efforts were largely abandoned in the early 1990s.
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| ] | ]
| Overall work of the State Council | Overall work of the State Council
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ] ]<br />Secretary, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ] ]<br />Secretary, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| Deputy Chairman, ]<br />Director, ]<br />Director, ]<br />Director, ] | Deputy Chairman, ]<br />Director, ]<br />Director, ]<br />Director, ]
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(first-ranked) (first-ranked)
| Develop & reform, institutional reform, etc. | Develop & reform, institutional reform, etc.
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ] ]<br />Deputy Secretary, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ] ]<br />Deputy Secretary, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| |
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| ] | ]
| Education, health, sport, etc. | Education, health, sport, etc.
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| ]副组长<br />]组长<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />Leader, Leading Group for China Football Reforms | ]副组长<br />]组长<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />Leader, Leading Group for China Football Reforms
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| ] | ]
| Agricultural and rural affairs, ], water resources, foreign trade | Agricultural and rural affairs, ], water resources, foreign trade
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| ]总指挥<br />]指挥长<br />]组长 | ]总指挥<br />]指挥长<br />]组长
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| ] | ]
| Finance, science and technology, industry and transport | Finance, science and technology, industry and transport
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| Director of the ] Office | Director of the ] Office
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| ] and ] | ] and ]
| National defense mobilization, etc. | National defense mobilization, etc.
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}<br />Member, ] | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}<br />Member, ]
| Member, ]<br />Director, ] | Member, ]<br />Director, ]
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| ] | ]
| Emergency management, etc. | Emergency management, etc.
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| ]成员<br />]副主任<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />]主任 | ]成员<br />]副主任<br />]主任<br />]主任<br />]主任
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| ] and ] | ] and ]
| Foreign affairs | Foreign affairs
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| Member, ] | Member, ]
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|] and ] |] and ]
| In charge of the ] | In charge of the ]
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}<br />Secretary, {{ill|SC Offices Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院机关党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}<br />Secretary, {{ill|SC Offices Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院机关党组}}
| |
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| ] and ] | ] and ]
| Public security, etc. | Public security, etc.
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}} | Member, ]<br />Member, {{ill|SC Party Group|zh|中国共产党国务院党组}}
| Member, ]<br />Member, ]<br />]主任<br />]组长<br />]副主任 | Member, ]<br />Member, ]<br />]主任<br />]组长<br />]副主任
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of ])</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of ])</small>
| ]<br />王毅<br /><small>] and ]</small> | ]<br />王毅<br /><small>] and ]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| General Secretary ] <small>(Director of the ])</small><br />∟ ] <small>(Director of the ] Office)</small> | General Secretary ] <small>(Director of the ])</small><br />∟ ] <small>(Director of the ] Office)</small>
|- |-
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| 1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| <small>]</small><br />]<br />魏凤和<br /><small>(Member of the ])<br />] and ]</small> | <small>]</small><br />]<br />魏凤和<br /><small>(Member of the ])<br />] and ]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| General Secretary ] <small>(])</small> | General Secretary ] <small>(])</small>
|- |-
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| 2003 | 2003
| ]<br />何立峰<br /><small>(])</small><br /><small>Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission</small> | ]<br />何立峰<br /><small>(])</small><br /><small>Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| ]<br />陈宝生<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />陈宝生<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 1998 | 1998
| ]<br />王志刚<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />王志刚<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| rowspan=2 | Vice-Premier ] | rowspan=2 | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2008 | 2008
| ]<br />肖亚庆<br /><small>] and ]</small> | ]<br />肖亚庆<br /><small>] and ]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 7 ! 7
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| ]<br />陈小江<br /><small>Minister in charge of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission</small> | ]<br />陈小江<br /><small>Minister in charge of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| ] <small>(Head of the ] ])</small> | ] <small>(Head of the ] ])</small>
|- |-
! 8 ! 8
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| <small>{{ill|Police Commissioner-General|zh|总警监}}</small><br />]<br />赵克志<br /><small>] and ]</small> | <small>{{ill|Police Commissioner-General|zh|总警监}}</small><br />]<br />赵克志<br /><small>] and ]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| rowspan=2 | ] <small>(Secretary of the CPC ])</small> | rowspan=2 | ] <small>(Secretary of the CCP ])</small>
|- |-
! 9 ! 9
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| 1983 | 1983
| ]<br />陈文清<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />陈文清<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 10 ! 10
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| 1978 | 1978
| ]<br />李纪恒<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />李纪恒<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| |
|- |-
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| 1949 <small>(of ])<br /></small>1954 <small>(of PRC)</small><br />1979 <small>(re-established)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])<br /></small>1954 <small>(of PRC)</small><br />1979 <small>(re-established)</small>
| ]<br />唐一军<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />唐一军<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| ] <small>(Secretary of the CPC ])</small> | ] <small>(Secretary of the CCP ])</small>
|- |-
! 12 ! 12
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| ]<br />刘昆<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />刘昆<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2008 | 2008
| ]<br />张纪南<br /><small>] and ]</small> | ]<br />张纪南<br /><small>] and ]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />陆昊<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />陆昊<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| rowspan=3 | Vice-Premier ] | rowspan=3 | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2008 | 2008
| ]<br />王蒙徽<br /><small>] and Urban-Rural Development</small> | ]<br />王蒙徽<br /><small>] and Urban-Rural Development</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 17 ! 17
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| 2008 | 2008
| ]<br />李小鹏<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />李小鹏<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small> | 1949 <small>(of ])</small><br />1954 <small>(of PRC)</small>
| ]<br />李国英<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />李国英<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| rowspan=3 | Vice-Premier ] | rowspan=3 | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />唐仁健<br /><small>] and Rural Affairs</small> | ]<br />唐仁健<br /><small>] and Rural Affairs</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 20 ! 20
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| 2003 | 2003
| ]<br />汪文涛<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />汪文涛<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 21 ! 21
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| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />胡和平<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />胡和平<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| ] <small>(Head of the ])</small> | ] <small>(Head of the ])</small>
|- |-
! 22 ! 22
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| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />马晓伟<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />马晓伟<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| rowspan=2 | Vice-Premier ] | rowspan=2 | Vice-Premier ]
|- |-
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| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />孙绍骋<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />孙绍骋<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
|- |-
! 24 ! 24
Line 400: Line 402:
| 2018 | 2018
| ]<br />黄明<br /><small>]</small> | ]<br />黄明<br /><small>]</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| State Councillor ] | State Councillor ]
|- |-
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| 1948 | 1948
| ]<br />易纲<br /><small>Governor of the People's Bank of China</small> | ]<br />易纲<br /><small>Governor of the People's Bank of China</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Vice-Premier ] <small>(Director of the ] Office)</small> | Vice-Premier ] <small>(Director of the ] Office)</small>
|- |-
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| 1983 | 1983
| ]<br />侯凯<br /><small>] of the National Audit Office</small> | ]<br />侯凯<br /><small>] of the National Audit Office</small>
| style="background:#FF3333;"| || ] | style="background:#FF3333;"| || ]
| Premier ]<br />∟ Vice-Premier ] | Premier ]<br />∟ Vice-Premier ]
|} |}
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; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)'' ; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)''
* ] ({{lang|zh|国家新闻出版署}}), additional name "]" ({{lang|zh|国家版权局}}), both names reserved by the ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国家新闻出版署}}), additional name "]" ({{lang|zh|国家版权局}}), both names reserved by the ]


{{col-2}} {{col-2}}
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; ''Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)'' ; ''Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)''
* ] ({{lang|zh|国家宗教事务局}}), a name reserved by the ] ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国家宗教事务局}}), a name reserved by the ] ]
{{col-end}} {{col-end}}


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{{col-2}} {{col-2}}
; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)'' ; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)''
* ] ({{lang|zh|国务院侨务办公室}}), a name reserved by the ] ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国务院侨务办公室}}), a name reserved by the ] ]
* ] ({{lang|zh|国务院台湾事务办公室}}), under the ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国务院台湾事务办公室}}), under the ]
* ] ({{lang|zh|国家互联网信息办公室}}), under the CPC Central Committee * ] ({{lang|zh|国家互联网信息办公室}}), under the CCP Central Committee
* ] ({{lang|zh|国务院新闻办公室}}), a name reserved by the ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国务院新闻办公室}}), a name reserved by the ]
{{col-end}} {{col-end}}


Line 468: Line 470:
{{col-2}} {{col-2}}
; Ministry-level ; Ministry-level
# ] ({{lang|zh|新华通讯社}}), administered by the ] # ] ({{lang|zh|新华通讯社}}), administered by the ]
# ] ({{lang|zh|中国科学院}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|中国科学院}})
# ] ({{lang|zh|中国工程院}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|中国工程院}})
# ] ({{lang|zh|中国社会科学院}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|中国社会科学院}})
# ] ({{lang|zh|国务院发展研究中心}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|国务院发展研究中心}})
# ] ({{lang|zh|中央广播电视总台}}), administered by the ] # ] ({{lang|zh|中央广播电视总台}}), administered by the ]
# ] ({{lang|zh|中国银行保险监督管理委员会}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|中国银行保险监督管理委员会}})
# ] ({{lang|zh|中国证券监督管理委员会}}) # ] ({{lang|zh|中国证券监督管理委员会}})


; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)'' ; ''Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)''
* ] ({{lang|zh|国家行政学院}}), a name reserved by the ] * ] ({{lang|zh|国家行政学院}}), a name reserved by the ]


{{col-2}} {{col-2}}
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; ''Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)'' ; ''Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)''
# ] (]), reserved by the ] # ] (]), reserved by the ]
# ] ({{lang|zh|国家档案局}}), ''i.e.'' the Central Archives ({{lang|zh|中央档案馆}}) (of the CPC), under the ] # ] ({{lang|zh|国家档案局}}), ''i.e.'' the Central Archives ({{lang|zh|中央档案馆}}) (of the CCP), under the ]
# ] ({{lang|zh|国家保密局}}), ''i.e.'' the Office of the ] ({{lang|zh|中央保密委员会办公室}}) (of the CPC), under the ] # ] ({{lang|zh|国家保密局}}), ''i.e.'' the Office of the ] ({{lang|zh|中央保密委员会办公室}}) (of the CCP), under the ]
# ] (]), ''i.e.'' the Office of the ] ({{lang|zh|中央密码工作领导小组办公室}}) (of the CPC), under the General Office of the CPC Central Committee # ] (]), ''i.e.'' the Office of the ] ({{lang|zh|中央密码工作领导小组办公室}}) (of the CCP), under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee
# ] (]), reserved by the ] # ] (]), reserved by the ]
# ] ({{lang|zh|国家外国专家局}}), reserved by the ] # ] ({{lang|zh|国家外国专家局}}), reserved by the ]

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Chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China "Central People's Government" redirects here. For the central government of the PRC during 1949-1954, see Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (1949–1954).
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State Council of the
People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国务院
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guówùyuàn
Emblem of the People's Republic of China
Agency overview
Formed27 September 1954
Preceding agency
TypeExecutive branch of the central government
Executive body of the National People's Congress
Highest organ of State administration
JurisdictionGovernment of the People's Republic of China
HeadquartersState Council Hall, Zhongnanhai, Beijing
Motto"Serve the People"
Annual budgetCN¥37.2 trillion (2019)
Agency executives
Child agencies
Websiteenglish.gov.cn
Politics of China
Leadership
Leadership generations
Succession of power
Party and state leaders
Orders of precedence
Related systems
Communist Party
History
Constitution & ideology Organization
National People's Congress (14th) State representative Executive organ Military organ Supervisory organ Judicial organs
United front
Historical parties:
Propaganda
Cross-Strait relations
Foreign relations
Related topics
flag China portal
State Council of the People's Republic of China
Simplified Chinese中华人民共和国国务院
Traditional Chinese中華人民共和國國務院
Literal meaning"Chinese People('s) Republic State Affair(s) Court"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guówùyuàn
State Council
(commonly used abbreviation)
Simplified Chinese国务院
Traditional Chinese國務院
Literal meaning"The Court of State Affairs"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuówùyuàn
IPA
Central People's Government
(Constitutional synonym)
Chinese中央人民政府
Literal meaningCentral People('s) Government
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngyāng Rénmín Zhèngfǔ

The State Council, constitutionally synonymous with the Central People's Government since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the premier and includes the heads of each of the cabinet-level executive departments. Currently, the council has 35 members: the premier, one executive vice premier, three other vice premiers, five state councillors (of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary-general), and 26 in charge of the Council's constituent departments. In the politics of the People's Republic of China, the Central People's Government forms one of three interlocking branches of power, the others being the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Liberation Army (PLA). The State Council directly oversees the various subordinate People's Governments in the provinces, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the Chinese Communist Party.

Organization

The State Council meets every six months. Between meetings it is guided by a Standing Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China [zh] (Executive Meeting) that meets weekly. The standing committee includes the premier, one executive vice premier, three vice premiers, and five other state councillors (normally one of whom serves as Secretary-General of the State Council, and two of whom concurrently serve as ministers).

The vice-premiers and state councillors are nominated by the premier, and appointed by the president with National People's Congress' (NPC) approval. Incumbents may serve two successive five-year terms.

Each vice premier oversees certain areas of administration. Each State Councillor performs duties as designated by the Premier. The secretary-general heads the General Office which handles the day-to-day work of the State Council. The secretary-general has relatively little power and should not be confused with the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party.

Each ministry supervises one sector. Commissions outrank ministries and set policies for and coordinate the related activities of different administrative organs. Offices deal with matters of ongoing concern. Bureaus and administrations rank below ministries.

In addition to the 25 ministries, there are 38 centrally administered government organizations that report directly to the state council. The heads of these organizations attend full meetings of the state committee on an irregular basis.

In practice, the vice premiers and State Councillors assume responsibility for one or more sectors or issues, and remain in contact with the various bodies responsible for policy related to that area. This allows the Standing Committee to oversee a wide range of government functions.

The State Council, like all other governmental bodies, is nominally responsible to the NPC and its Standing Committee in conducting a wide range of government functions both at the national and at the local levels, and nominally acts by virtue of the NPC's authority. In practice, however, the NPC had historically done little more than ratify decisions already made by the State Council. More recently, however, the NPC has taken on a more independent role. There has been at least one case where the NPC has outright rejected an initiative of the State Council and a few cases where the State Council has withdrawn or greatly modified a proposal in response to NPC opposition.

The State Council and the Chinese Communist Party are also tightly interlocked. With rare exceptions, State Councillors are high-ranking members of the CCP. Although, as Party members, they are supposed to follow Party instructions, because they tend to be senior members of the Party they also have substantial influence over what those instructions are. This results in a system which is unlike the Soviet practice in which the Party effectively controlled the State. Rather, the Party and State are fused at this level of government. The members of the State Council derive their authority from being members of the state, while as members of the Party they coordinate their activities and determine key decisions such as the naming of personnel.

There were attempts to separate the party and state in the late 1980s under Deng Xiaoping and Zhao Ziyang and have the Party in charge of formulating policy and the State Council executing policy, but these efforts were largely abandoned in the early 1990s.

As the chief administrative organ of government, its main functions are to formulate administrative measures, issue decisions and orders, and monitor their implementation; draft legislative bills for submission to the NPC or its Standing Committee; and prepare the economic plan and the state budget for deliberation and approval by the NPC. The State Council is the functional center of state power and clearinghouse for government initiatives at all levels. With the government's emphasis on economic modernization, the State Council clearly acquired additional importance and influence.

The State Council controls the Ministry for National Defense but does not control the People's Liberation Army, which is instead controlled by the Central Military Commission.

Members

Main article: Li Keqiang Government

Executive Meeting (Standing Committee)

Members of the Executive Meeting of the 13th State Council (March 2018 – March 2023)
# Portrait
Name 		Birth
year 		Government posts Duties Party Party positions Functional roles
1
Li Keqiang
李克强 		1955 Premier Overall work of the State Council CCP Member, 19th PSC
Secretary, SC Party Group [zh] 		Deputy Chairman, Central National Security Commission
Director, Central Institutional Organization Commission
Director, National Defense Mobilization Commission
Director, National Energy Commission
2
Han Zheng
韩正 		1954 Vice Premier

(first-ranked)

Develop & reform, institutional reform, etc. CCP Member, 19th PSC
Deputy Secretary, SC Party Group [zh]
3
Sun Chunlan
孙春兰
(female) 		1950 Vice Premier Education, health, sport, etc. CCP Member, 19th Politburo
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		国家科技教育领导小组副组长
国务院深化医药卫生体制改革领导小组组长
国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会主任
国务院学位委员会主任
国务院妇女儿童工作委员会主任
Leader, Leading Group for China Football Reforms
4
Hu Chunhua
胡春华 		1963 Vice Premier Agricultural and rural affairs, poverty alleviation, water resources, foreign trade CCP Member, 19th Politburo
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		国家防汛抗旱总指挥部总指挥
国务院抗震救灾指挥部指挥长
国务院扶贫开发领导小组组长
5 Liu He
刘鹤 		1952 Vice Premier Finance, science and technology, industry and transport CCP Member, 19th Politburo
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		Director of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission Office
6
General
Wei Fenghe
魏凤和 		1954 State Councillor and Minister of National Defense National defense mobilization, etc. CCP Member, 19th Central Committee
Member, SC Party Group [zh]
Member, Central Military Commission 		Member, Central Foreign Affairs Commission
Director, 国家边海防委员会
7 Wang Yong
王勇 		1955 State Councillor Emergency management, etc. CCP Member, 19th Central Committee
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		中央财经领导委员会成员
国务院安全生产委员会副主任
国家减灾委员会主任
国务院残疾人工作委员会主任
全国老龄工作委员会主任
8
Wang Yi
王毅 		1953 State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Foreign affairs CCP Member, 19th Central Committee
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		Member, Central Foreign Affairs Commission
9
Xiao Jie
肖捷 		1957 State Councillor and Secretary-General of the State Council In charge of the General Office CCP Member, 19th Central Committee
Member, SC Party Group [zh]
Secretary, SC Offices Party Group [zh]
10
Police Commissioner-General [zh]
Zhao Kezhi
赵克志 		1953 State Councillor and Minister of Public Security Public security, etc. CCP Member, 19th Central Committee
Member, SC Party Group [zh] 		Member, Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission
Member, Central National Security Commission
国家禁毒委员会主任
国家反恐怖工作领导小组组长
国务院安全生产委员会副主任

Plenary Meeting

Further information: Ministries of the People's Republic of China

The Plenary Meeting of State Council is hosted by the Premier, joined by Vice Premiers, State Councillors, Ministers in charge of Ministries and Commissions, the Governor of the People's Bank, the Auditor-General, and the Secretary General. It usually runs bi-annually and when necessary, non-members can be invited to participate.

Organizational structure

General Office of the State Council

Main article: General Office of the State Council

Constituent Departments of the State Council (cabinet-level)

Main article: Ministries of the People's Republic of China
Constituent Departments of the 13th State Council (March 2018 – March 2023)
# Logo Name of Department Year Established Current Chief Party Reports To
1 Ministry of Foreign Affairs
外交部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Wang Yi
王毅
State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs 		CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping (Director of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission)
∟ Yang Jiechi (Director of the CFAC Office)
2 Ministry of National Defense
国防部 		1954 (of PRC) General
Wei Fenghe
魏凤和
(Member of the Central Military Commission)
State Councillor and Minister of National Defense 		CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping (Chairman of the Central Military Commission)
3 National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)
国家发展和改革委员会 		2003 He Lifeng
何立峰
(Vice-Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee)
Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission 		CCP Vice-Premier Han Zheng
4 Ministry of Education (MOE)
教育部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Chen Baosheng
陈宝生
Minister of Education 		CCP Vice-Premier Sun Chunlan
5 Ministry of Science and Technology
科学技术部 		1998 Wang Zhigang
王志刚
Minister of Science and Technology 		CCP Vice-Premier Liu He
6 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)
工业和信息化部 		2008 Xiao Yaqing
肖亚庆
Minister of Industry and Information Technology 		CCP
7 National Ethnic Affairs Commission (NEAC)
国家民族事务委员会 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Chen Xiaojiang
陈小江
Minister in charge of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission 		CCP You Quan (Head of the CCP Central Committee United Front Work Department)
8 Ministry of Public Security (MPS)
公安部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Police Commissioner-General [zh]
Zhao Kezhi
赵克志
State Councillor and Minister of Public Security 		CCP Guo Shengkun (Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission)
9 Ministry of State Security (MSS)
国家安全部 		1983 Chen Wenqing
陈文清
Minister of State Security 		CCP
10 Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA)
民政部 		1978 Li Jiheng
李纪恒
Minister of Civil Affairs 		CCP
11 Ministry of Justice
司法部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC)
1979 (re-established) 		Tang Yijun
唐一军
Minister of Justice 		CCP Guo Shengkun (Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission)
12 Ministry of Finance
财政部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Liu Kun
刘昆
Minister of Finance 		CCP Vice-Premier Han Zheng
13 Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS)
人力资源和社会保障部 		2008 Zhang Jinan
张纪南
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security 		CCP Vice-Premier Hu Chunhua
14 Ministry Natural Resources
自然资源部 		2018 Lu Hao
陆昊
Minister of Natural Resources 		CCP Vice-Premier Han Zheng
15 Ministry of Ecology and Environment
生态环境部 		2018 Huang Runqiu
黄润秋
Minister of Ecology and Environment 		JS
16 Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
住房和城乡建设部 		2008 Wang Menghui
王蒙徽
Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development 		CCP
17 Ministry of Transport (MOT)
交通运输部 		2008 Li Xiaopeng
李小鹏
Minister of Transport 		CCP Vice-Premier Liu He
18 Ministry of Water Resources
水利部 		1949 (of CPG)
1954 (of PRC) 		Li Guoying
李国英
Minister of Water Resources 		CCP Vice-Premier Hu Chunhua
19 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
农业农村部 		2018 Tang Renjian
唐仁健
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs 		CCP
20 Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM)
商务部 		2003 Wang Wentao
汪文涛
Minister of Commerce 		CCP
21 Ministry of Culture and Tourism
文化和旅游部 		2018 Hu Heping
胡和平
Minister of Culture and Tourism 		CCP Huang Kunming (Head of the CCP Central Committee Propaganda Department)
22 National Health Commission
国家卫生健康委员会 		2018 Ma Xiaowei
马晓伟
Minister in charge of the National Health Commission 		CCP Vice-Premier Sun Chunlan
23 Ministry of Veterans Affairs
退役军人事务部 		2018 Sun Shaocheng
孙绍骋
Minister of Veterans Affairs 		CCP
24 Ministry of Emergency Management
应急管理部 		2018 Huang Ming
黄明
Ministry of Emergency Management 		CCP State Councillor Wang Yong
25 People's Bank of China (PBC)
中国人民银行 		1948 Yi Gang
易纲
Governor of the People's Bank of China 		CCP Vice-Premier Liu He (Director of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission Office)
26 National Audit Office
审计署 		1983 Hou Kai
侯凯
Auditor-General of the National Audit Office 		CCP Premier Li Keqiang
∟ Vice-Premier Han Zheng

Special Organization directly under the State Council

Ministry-level

Organizations directly under the State Council

Ministry-level
  1. General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国海关总署)
  2. State Administration of Taxation (国家税务总局)
  3. State Administration for Market Regulation (国家市场监督管理总局)
  4. National Radio and Television Administration (国家广播电视总局)
  5. General Administration of Sport (国家体育总局)
  6. Counsellors' Office of the State Council (国务院参事室)
Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)
Sub-ministry-level
  1. National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局)
  2. China International Development Cooperation Agency (国家国际发展合作署)
  3. National Healthcare Security Administration (国家医疗保障局)
  4. National Government Offices Administration (国家机关事务管理局), formerly the "Government Offices Administration of the State Council" (国务院机关事务管理局)
Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)

Administrative Offices of the State Council

Ministry-level
  1. Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council (国务院港澳事务办公室)
  2. State Council Research Office (国务院研究室)
Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)

Institutions directly under the State Council

Ministry-level
  1. Xinhua News Agency (新华通讯社), administered by the CCP Central Publicity Department
  2. Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院)
  3. Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院)
  4. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院)
  5. Development Research Center of the State Council (国务院发展研究中心)
  6. China Media Group (中央广播电视总台), administered by the CCP Central Publicity Department
  7. China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (中国银行保险监督管理委员会)
  8. China Securities Regulatory Commission (中国证券监督管理委员会)
Names reserved (formerly ministry-level)
Sub-ministry-level
  1. China Meteorological Administration (中国气象局)

National Administrations administrated by ministry-level agencies

Sub-ministry-level
  1. National Public Complaints and Proposals Administration (国家信访局), administrated by the State Council General Office
  2. National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration (国家粮食和物资储备局), administrated by the National Development and Reform Commission
  3. National Energy Administration (国家能源局), administrated by the National Development and Reform Commission
  4. State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (国家国防科技工业局), administrated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
  5. State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (国家烟草专卖局) (officially sharing its office with China National Tobacco Corporation), administrated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
  6. National Immigration Administration (国家移民管理局), additional name "Exit and Entry Administration" (中华人民共和国出入境管理局) for Mainland-Hong Kong-Macau-Taiwan border control, administrated by the Ministry of Public Security
  7. National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林业和草原局), additional name "National Park Administration" (国家公园管理局), administrated by the Ministry of Natural Resources
  8. National Railway Administration (国家铁路局), administrated by the Ministry of Transport
  9. Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) (中国民用航空局), administrated by the Ministry of Transport
  10. State Post Bureau (国家邮政局), administrated by the Ministry of Transport, officially sharing its office with China Post Group Corporation
  11. National Administration for Rural Revitalization (国家乡村振兴局) (established on 25 February 2021), administrated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
  12. National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局), administrated by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  13. National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (国家中医药管理局), administrated by the National Health Commission
  14. National Administration of Disease Prevention and Control (国家疾病预防控制局) (established on 13 May 2021), administrated by the National Health Commission
  15. National Mine Safety Administration (国家矿山安全监察局), administrated by the Ministry of Emergency Management
  16. State Administration of Foreign Exchange (国家外汇管理局), administrated by the People's Bank of China
  17. National Medical Products Administration (国家药品监督管理局), formerly China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) (国家食品药品监督管理总局), now administrated by the State Administration for Market Regulation
  18. National Intellectual Property Administration (国家知识产权局), administrated by the State Administration for Market Regulation
Names reserved (formerly sub-ministry-level)
  1. National Civil Service Administration (国家公务员局), reserved by the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party
  2. National Archives Administration (国家档案局), i.e. the Central Archives (中央档案馆) (of the CCP), under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee
  3. National Administration of State Secrets Protection (国家保密局), i.e. the Office of the Central Secrecy Commission (中央保密委员会办公室) (of the CCP), under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee
  4. National Cryptography Administration (国家密码管理局), i.e. the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cryptography Work (中央密码工作领导小组办公室) (of the CCP), under the General Office of the CCP Central Committee
  5. State Language Commission (国家语言文字工作委员会), reserved by the Ministry of Education
  6. State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (国家外国专家局), reserved by the Ministry of Science and Technology
  7. China National Space Administration (国家航天局), reserved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
  8. China Atomic Energy Authority (国家原子能机构), reserved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
  9. State Oceanic Administration (国家海洋局), reserved by the Ministry of Natural Resources
  10. National Nuclear Safety Administration (国家核安全局), reserved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment
  11. Certification and Accreditation Administration (国家认证认可监督管理委员会), reserved by the State Administration of Market Regulation
  12. Standardization Administration (国家标准化管理委员会), reserved by the State Administration of Market Regulation

Interdepartmental coordinating agencies

and many more...

Agencies dispatched by the State Council

Ministry-level
  1. Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (中央人民政府驻香港特别行政区联络办公室), established on 18 January 2000.
  2. Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region (中央人民政府驻澳门特别行政区联络办公室), established on 18 January 2000.
Sub-ministry-level
  1. Office for Safeguarding National Security of the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (中央人民政府驻香港特别行政区维护国家安全公署), established on 1 July 2020.

See also

References

  1. "Unraveling the Mysteries of China's Multiple Budgets". Bloomberg. 13 March 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  2. ^ Article 85 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China
  3. "The State Council". English.peopledaily.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2014-11-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  4. "The State Council". Gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2017-11-14. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  5. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-12-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

External links

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Incumbent (14th): Li Qiang Cabinet
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14th State Council of the People's Republic of China
Li Qiang Cabinet I (2023–2028)
PremierLi Qiang (Party branch secretary)
Premier Li Qiang


1st Vice-Premier Ding Xuexiang
Vice Premiers
  1. Ding Xuexiang
  2. He Lifeng
  3. Zhang Guoqing
  4. Liu Guozhong
State Councilors
  1. Li Shangfu (removed from post on 24 October 2023)
  2. Wang Xiaohong
  3. Wu Zhenglong
  4. Shen Yiqin♀
  5. Qin Gang (removed from post on 24 October 2023)
Secretary-GeneralWu Zhenglong
Ministers
01 Foreign AffairsQin Gang → Wang Yi
02 National DefenseLi Shangfu → vacant → Dong Jun
03 Development & Reform CommissionZheng Shanjie
04 EducationHuai Jinpeng
05 Science & TechnologyWang Zhigang → Yin Hejun
06 Industry & Information TechnologyJin Zhuanglong
07 Ethnic Affairs CommissionPan Yue
08 Public SecurityWang Xiaohong
09 State SecurityChen Yixin
10 Civil AffairsTang Dengjie → Lu Zhiyuan
11 JusticeHe Rong
12 FinanceLiu Kun → Lan Fo'an
13 Human Resources & Social SecurityWang Xiaoping
14 Natural ResourcesWang Guanghua
15 Ecology & EnvironmentHuang Runqiu
16 Housing & Urban-Rural DevelopmentNi Hong
17 TransportLi Xiaopeng
18 Water ResourcesLi Guoying
19 Agriculture & Rural AffairsTang Renjian → Han Jun
20 CommerceWang Wentao
21 Culture & TourismHu Heping → Sun Yeli
22 Health CommissionMa Xiaowei → Lei Haichao
23 Veterans AffairsPei Jinjia
24 Emergency ManagementWang Xiangxi
Central Bank GovernorYi Gang → Pan Gongsheng
Auditor-GeneralHou Kai
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China Central state organs of the People's Republic of China
National People's Congress
NPC Standing Committee
President
State CouncilCentral Military CommissionNational Supervisory CommissionSupreme People's CourtSupreme People's Procuratorate
Separation of powers
Typical branches
Additional branches
By country
See also
Politics of China
Communist Party National emblem of the People's Republic of China
Central
government
United front
Politics of
province-level
divisions
(current leaders)
Municipalities
Provinces
Autonomous
regions
SARs
Claimed province
See also
Elections
National cabinets of Asia
Sovereign states
States with
limited recognition
Dependencies and
other territories
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