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	Subsistence farming is the main activity of most Jajouki. The main crops are olives, tillage of vegetables such as carrots, turnips, potatoes, and the raising of sheep, which are grazed out on common land. Poultry are raised by the women. In the summer shepherd boys bring the herds to the higher slopes. They can be heard practicing on ]s from miles away. The livestock, chickens and high quality olive oil provide a cash element in this economy. There is also small-scale honey production by some enterprising villagers. In recent years, ] and ] have arrived in the village and there is a passable road, which has reduced the cost of transporting essential goods to the village. The cost of transportation had previously made many items unavailable or prohibitively expensive to the villagers. The Ahl-Srif was also an area where ] (cannabis) was grown, but its cultivation has been recently prohibited. However, there seems to be no alternative cash crop for those who had depended on it in the past.		Subsistence farming is the main activity of most Jajouki. The main crops are olives, tillage of vegetables such as carrots, turnips, potatoes, and the raising of sheep, which are grazed out on common land. Poultry are raised by the women. In the summer shepherd boys bring the herds to the higher slopes. They can be heard practicing on ]s from miles away. The livestock, chickens and high quality olive oil provide a cash element in this economy. There is also small-scale honey production by some enterprising villagers. In recent years, ] and ] have arrived in the village and there is a passable road, which has reduced the cost of transporting essential goods to the village. The cost of transportation had previously made many items unavailable or prohibitively expensive to the villagers. The Ahl-Srif was also an area where ] (cannabis) was grown, but its cultivation has been recently prohibited. However, there seems to be no alternative cash crop for those who had depended on it in the past.

		⚫	Most Jajouka men have an alternate income from the Army except Bachir and Mostapha Attar who dedicated their lives to saving and promoting the Jajouka Music of their father Djnuin El Hadj Abdesalam Attar. Farming and having spent a number of years in the Army are how most villagers and musicians support themselves. {{dubious}}

	== References ==		== References ==
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	* Ranaldo, Lee (August 1996). . ''The Wire''. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007.		* Ranaldo, Lee (August 1996). . ''The Wire''. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007.


⚫	Most Jajouka men have an alternate income from the Army except Bachir and Mostapha Attar who dedicated their lives to saving and promoting the Jajouka Music of their father Djnuin El Hadj Abdesalam Attar. Farming and having spent a number of years in the Army are how most villagers and musicians support themselves.

	== Further reading ==		== Further reading ==

Revision as of 17:54, 29 January 2007

For the Japanese Psychedelic band, see Joujouka

Jajouka or Joujouka is a village in the Ahl-Srif mountains in the southern Rif. The mountains are named after the Ahl-Srif tribe who populate the region.

The musical heritage

Jajouka is well known as home to the Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Jajouka and the Master Musicians of Joujouka. The village attracted the attention of beat generation writers Paul Bowles and William Burroughs in the 1950s because the Sufi trance musicians there appeared to still celebrate the rites of the god Pan. Brion Gysin, who had been introduced to the master musicians by Mohamed Hamri, propagated this idea. Gysin linked the village's Boujeloud festival, where a boy sewn in goat skins danced with sticks while the musicians play to keep him at bay, to the ancient "Rites of Pan". In 1967 and 1968 Brian Jones, lead guitarist with The Rolling Stones, visited the village; at the end of his stay, he recorded the master musicians for the LP Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka. The LP was released on Rolling Stones Records in 1971, some two years after Jones' death. The release brought an influx of westerners, including some who later recorded there, such as Ornette Coleman and Bill Laswell.

File:Jajouka-cover.jpg

Cover of The Master Musicians of Jajouka album, recorded 1972.

The album was re-released on CD in 1995 on Point Records under the title Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Jajouka, with different cover art and modified liner notes.

A second album, The Master Musicians of Jajouka, was recorded by Joel Rubiner in summer 1972 and released on Adelphi Records in 1974. The master musicians who live in the village play the Sufi trance music handed down through generations. The group was headed for many years by Hadj Abdesalam Attar, who died in 1982. His son, Bachir Attar, claimed the leadership but his claim was disputed. Since then, there have been two separate groups of musicians in the village, distinguished by their spelling of the village's name: Master Musicians of Joujouka and Master Musicians of Jajouka. Each group has released a number of recordings.

Life

File:Photo 135.jpg

oven for baking bread in Jajouka 2003

Subsistence farming is the main activity of most Jajouki. The main crops are olives, tillage of vegetables such as carrots, turnips, potatoes, and the raising of sheep, which are grazed out on common land. Poultry are raised by the women. In the summer shepherd boys bring the herds to the higher slopes. They can be heard practicing on bamboo flutes from miles away. The livestock, chickens and high quality olive oil provide a cash element in this economy. There is also small-scale honey production by some enterprising villagers. In recent years, electricity and mobile telephony have arrived in the village and there is a passable road, which has reduced the cost of transporting essential goods to the village. The cost of transportation had previously made many items unavailable or prohibitively expensive to the villagers. The Ahl-Srif was also an area where kif (cannabis) was grown, but its cultivation has been recently prohibited. However, there seems to be no alternative cash crop for those who had depended on it in the past.

Most Jajouka men have an alternate income from the Army except Bachir and Mostapha Attar who dedicated their lives to saving and promoting the Jajouka Music of their father Djnuin El Hadj Abdesalam Attar. Farming and having spent a number of years in the Army are how most villagers and musicians support themselves.

References

Davis, Stephen (2001). Old Gods Almost Dead. Broadway Books, 135–37, 172, 195–201, 227; 233–34, 248–53, 270, 354, 504–505, 508.
Gysin, Brion, Wilson, Terry (1982). Here to Go Planet R 101 revisited , Ouartet. ISBN 0-7043-2544-6 p; 29, p. 30, pp.33-4, p.76.
Hamri, Mohamed (1975), "Tales of Joujouka". Capra Press.
Ranaldo, Lee (August 1996). "Into The Mystic". The Wire. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007.

External links

35°02′N 5°44′W / 35.033°N 5.733°W / 35.033; -5.733

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