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He moved to ] in 2005. Here, he developed a novel teaching method for classroom discussions. "The result of this model was not only to circumvent many lazy student behaviors, but also to improve reading comprehension by familiarizing students with how to read, process, and evaluate complex scientific manuscripts in a short period of time." Hedwig Pöllöläinen.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCallum|first=M.|date=2010|title=A Method for Encouraging Classroom Discussion of Scientific Papers|url=https://scienceblogs.com/grrlscientist/2010/07/16/parrots-people-and-pedagogies|journal=Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America|volume=91|issue=3|pages=363–366|doi=10.1890/0012-9623-91.3.363|issn=0012-9623|doi-access=free}}</ref> He moved to ] in 2005. Here, he developed a novel teaching method for classroom discussions. "The result of this model was not only to circumvent many lazy student behaviors, but also to improve reading comprehension by familiarizing students with how to read, process, and evaluate complex scientific manuscripts in a short period of time." Hedwig Pöllöläinen.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCallum|first=M.|date=2010|title=A Method for Encouraging Classroom Discussion of Scientific Papers|url=https://scienceblogs.com/grrlscientist/2010/07/16/parrots-people-and-pedagogies|journal=Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America|volume=91|issue=3|pages=363–366|doi=10.1890/0012-9623-91.3.363|issn=0012-9623|doi-access=free}}</ref>
] ]
McCallum used ] in his paper, ''Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background extinction rates'',<ref>{{cite journal|last=McCallum|first= M.L. |year=2007|title= Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background rates|journal= Journal of Herpetology|volume= 41|issue=3|pages=483–491|url=http://www.herpconbio.org/McCallum/amphibian%20extinctions.pdf|doi=10.1670/0022-1511(2007)412.0.co;2}}</ref> to compare recent extinction rates of amphibians to their rates at the k-Pg boundary. His calculations demonstrated that the losses in amphibian biodiversity in recent times represented one of the most rapid losses in biodiversity ever observed. In 2008 the study was listed by '']'' as #4 among ten "landmark papers" on the topic of ].<ref name=Discover10studies/> His use of fuzzy approaches was extended to two studies ] impacts on herpetofauna.<ref></ref><ref></ref> His 2015 paper argued that species losses of vertebrate animals since 1980 have been faster that the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs 65 million years ago, suggesting we are in a 6th mass extinction.<ref>Rhett A. Butler (June 21, 2015). McCallum used ] in his paper, ''Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background extinction rates'',<ref>{{cite journal|last=McCallum|first= M.L. |year=2007|title= Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background rates|journal= Journal of Herpetology|volume= 41|issue=3|pages=483–491|url=http://www.herpconbio.org/McCallum/amphibian%20extinctions.pdf|doi=10.1670/0022-1511(2007)412.0.co;2}}</ref> to compare recent extinction rates of amphibians to their rates at the k-Pg boundary. His calculations demonstrated that the losses in amphibian biodiversity in recent times represented one of the most rapid losses in biodiversity ever observed. In 2008 the study was listed by
'']'' as #4 among ten "landmark papers" on the topic of ]. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Pepitone|first=Julianne |year=2008|title= 10 Studies That Revealed the Great Global Amphibian Die-Off—and Some Possible Solutions|journal= Discover Magazine|volume= 41|issue=7|url=}}</ref> His use of fuzzy approaches was extended to two studies ] impacts on herpetofauna.<ref></ref><ref></ref> His 2015 paper argued that species losses of vertebrate animals since 1980 have been faster that the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs 65 million years ago, suggesting we are in a 6th mass extinction.<ref>Rhett A. Butler (June 21, 2015).
Study confirms what scientists have been saying for decades: the sixth mass extinction is real and caused by us. http://news.mongabay.com/2015/0621-sixth-mass-extinction.html</ref><ref>Anonymous. (June 16, 2015). Today's biodiversity losses comprise a sixth mass extinction. BirdWatch Magazine (UK) http://www.birdwatch.co.uk/channel/newsitem.asp?c=11&cate=__15971</ref> Study confirms what scientists have been saying for decades: the sixth mass extinction is real and caused by us. http://news.mongabay.com/2015/0621-sixth-mass-extinction.html</ref><ref>Anonymous. (June 16, 2015). Today's biodiversity losses comprise a sixth mass extinction. BirdWatch Magazine (UK) http://www.birdwatch.co.uk/channel/newsitem.asp?c=11&cate=__15971</ref>


In 2014 he conducted a study using ] to data mine ] search data to infer public interest on the environment, and concluded that interest in the environment had fallen since 2004.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=McCallum|first1=Malcolm L.|last2=Bury|first2=Gwendolyn W.|title=Google search patterns suggest declining interest in the environment|journal=Biodiversity and Conservation|date=2013|volume=22|issue=6–7|pages=1355–1367|doi=10.1007/s10531-013-0476-6|s2cid=15593201}}</ref> In 2019, he compared Google searches before and after release of the landmark encyclical, ], revealing that interest in the environment rose markedly in most countries around the world.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCallum|first=Malcolm L.|date=2019-07-01|title=Perspective: Global country-by-country response of public interest in the environment to the papal encyclical, Laudato Si′|journal=Biological Conservation|volume=235|pages=209–225|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2019.04.010|s2cid=181819204|issn=0006-3207}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/05/interest-in-protecting-environment-up-since-popes-2015-encyclical/|title=Interest in protecting environment up since Pope's 2015 encyclical|date=2019-05-21|website=Mongabay Environmental News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-23}}</ref> In 2014 he conducted a study using ] to data mine ] search data to infer public interest on the environment, and concluded that interest in the environment had fallen since 2004.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=McCallum|first1=Malcolm L.|last2=Bury|first2=Gwendolyn W.|title=Google search patterns suggest declining interest in the environment|journal=Biodiversity and Conservation|date=2013|volume=22|issue=6–7|pages=1355–1367|doi=10.1007/s10531-013-0476-6|s2cid=15593201}}</ref> In 2019, he compared Google searches before and after release of the landmark encyclical, ], revealing that interest in the environment rose markedly in most countries around the world.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCallum|first=Malcolm L.|date=2019-07-01|title=Perspective: Global country-by-country response of public interest in the environment to the papal encyclical, Laudato Si′|journal=Biological Conservation|volume=235|pages=209–225|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2019.04.010|s2cid=181819204|issn=0006-3207}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/05/interest-in-protecting-environment-up-since-popes-2015-encyclical/|title=Interest in protecting environment up since Pope's 2015 encyclical|date=2019-05-21|website=Mongabay Environmental News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-23}}</ref>

On a human interest note, in the 1990s while teaching at Metropolitan Community College in East Saint Louis (IL), McCallum was supervised by Mochubela Seekoe who was an international civil rights leader, South African Ambassador to Russia. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/Liste_der_s%C3%BCdafrikanischen_Botschafter_in_Russland</ref> and one of the "twelve disciples" of Nelson Mandela who helped overthrow Apartheid.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/04/movies/04mand.html|title=Recalling the Exhiled Goes of Apartheid|date=2006-07-04|website=The New York Times|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-23}}</ref> They developed a strong friendship that lasted until Seekoe's death in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/tag/mochubela-seekoe/|title=Special provincial official funeral for SA struggle veteran Seekoe: Zuma|website=SABC News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-23}}</ref>
Seekoe became a major influence on McCallum's views of civil rights, racial and gender equality and human rights and influenced him to enter a doctoral program. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://academictree.org/evolution/peopleinfo.php?pid=850428|title=Malcolm L. McCallum|website=Academic Family Tree|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-23}}</ref>


==Selected bibliography== ==Selected bibliography==

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Malcolm L. McCallum
Malcolm McCallum at his home in Texarkana circa 2008 with a bantam golden phoenix rooster
Born (1968-12-26) December 26, 1968 (age 55)
Maywood, Illinois
NationalityUnited States
Alma mater
Scientific career
FieldsEnvironmental Sciences
Institutions


Malcolm L. McCallum (born December 26, 1968 in Maywood, Illinois) is an American environmental scientist, conservationist, herpetologist, and natural historian and is known for his work on the Holocene Extinction. He is also a co-founder of the herpetology journal, Herpetological Conservation and Biology. He is a key figure in amphibian biology and his research has produced numerous landmark studies. His work has been covered by David Attenborough, Discover Magazine, and other media outlets. In 2021, he ranked among the most academically influential alumni in the past 50 years from Arkansas State University (top 30), Eastern Illinois University (Top 20), and Illinois State University (Top 50).

Education, research, teaching and service

McCallum earned his BS with a double major in agriculture and biology from Illinois State University, and is among the university's notable alumni. He earned a MS in Environmental Biology from Eastern Illinois University and the PhD degree in Environmental Science from Arkansas State University, specializing in ecotoxicology and conservation ecology. In 1997 his discovery of deformed frogs in Madison County, Illinois received media coverage in St. Louis news outlets. He then worked at the St. Louis Children's Aquarium as the institution's grant writer, and designed educational programs, conducted research on the use of bovine somatotropin (bST) applications in aquaculture, and delivered tours and extension programming until he left to pursue his PhD in 1999. He also organized and edited the First International Symposium on the conservation and sustainability of the ornamental fish industry on Rio Negro River, Manaus. He participated in several areas of research that later were published by the aquarium from 1999-2001. Stanley E. Trauth was his doctoral mentor.

Many of his early papers were focused on natural history, but they also cover amphibian conservation, ecological immunology, and general biology. He is widely published on the life history and conservation of Blanchard's cricket frog (Acris blanchardi ) with papers on its systematics, immunology, behavior, life history, and conservation needs. He continued this research as an Assistant Professor at Louisiana State University at Shreveport from 2003–2005.

Southern Leopard Frogs with abnormal limbs of unknown causation (c. 1997)

In 2006 McCallum and several other scientists established the journal Herpetological Conservation and Biology.

Malcolm L. McCallum teaching field biology on the Caddo River, Arkansas in 2005

He moved to Texas A&M University Texarkana in 2005. Here, he developed a novel teaching method for classroom discussions. "The result of this model was not only to circumvent many lazy student behaviors, but also to improve reading comprehension by familiarizing students with how to read, process, and evaluate complex scientific manuscripts in a short period of time." Hedwig Pöllöläinen.

Jamie and Malcolm McCallum with David Attenborough on the set of Life in Cold Blood in the Ouachita Mountains in Arkansas.

McCallum used fuzzy logic in his paper, Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background extinction rates, to compare recent extinction rates of amphibians to their rates at the k-Pg boundary. His calculations demonstrated that the losses in amphibian biodiversity in recent times represented one of the most rapid losses in biodiversity ever observed. In 2008 the study was listed by

Discover Magazine as #4 among ten "landmark papers" on the topic of amphibian extinctions and declines. His use of fuzzy approaches was extended to two studies addressing climate change impacts on herpetofauna. His 2015 paper argued that species losses of vertebrate animals since 1980 have been faster that the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs 65 million years ago, suggesting we are in a 6th mass extinction.

In 2014 he conducted a study using Google Trends to data mine Google search data to infer public interest on the environment, and concluded that interest in the environment had fallen since 2004. In 2019, he compared Google searches before and after release of the landmark encyclical, Laudato Si', revealing that interest in the environment rose markedly in most countries around the world.

On a human interest note, in the 1990s while teaching at Metropolitan Community College in East Saint Louis (IL), McCallum was supervised by Mochubela Seekoe who was an international civil rights leader, South African Ambassador to Russia. and one of the "twelve disciples" of Nelson Mandela who helped overthrow Apartheid. They developed a strong friendship that lasted until Seekoe's death in 2017. Seekoe became a major influence on McCallum's views of civil rights, racial and gender equality and human rights and influenced him to enter a doctoral program.

Selected bibliography

McCallum is the author of over 100 publications.

  • Meshaka, Walter E. Jr., Suzanne L. Collins, R. Bruce Bury, Malcolm L. McCallum (2022) Exotic Amphibians and Reptiles of the United States. University Press of Florida. 296 pages.
  • McCallum, M.L. (2021) Turtle biodiversity losses suggest coming sixth mass extinction. Biodiversity and Conservation 30: 1257–1275 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10531-021-02140-8
  • McCallum, M.L. (2019) Perspective: Global country-by-country response of public interest in the environment to the papal encyclical, Laudato Si′. Biological Conservation 235:209-225.
  • McCallum, M.L. (2015) Vertebrate biodiversity losses point to sixth mass extinction. Biodiversity and Conservation 24:2497-.2519.
  • McCallum, M.L. and G.W. Bury (2014). Public interest in the environment is falling: A Response to Ficetola (2013). Biodiversity and Conservation 23:1057-1362.
  • McCallum, M.L. and J.L. McCallum. (2014). Ecological Release of an exotic species upon removal of an invasive predator. Journal of North American Herpetology 2014:21 – 27.
  • McCallum, M.L., M. Matlock, J. Treas, B. Safi, W. Sanson, J.L. McCallum. (2013). Endocrine disruption of sexual selection by an estrogenic herbicide in Tenebrio molitor. Ecotoxicology 22:1461-1466.
  • McCallum, M.L., and G.W. Bury. (2013). Google search patterns suggest declining interest in conservation and environment. Biodiversity and Conservation 22:1355 – 1367.

References

  1. Birth Announcements. Joliet Herald News. January 3, 1969
  2. Bury, RB, ML McCallum, SE Trauth, and RA Saumure. 2006. Dawning of Herpetological Conservation and Biology: A special welcome to your new journal. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 1(1):i-iii.
  3. Juniper, Tony. (2019) One of the major threats to biodiversity is infectious disease, Pp. 280 In: The Ecology Book, Penguin Randomhouse.
  4. Life in Cold Blood. "The Land Invaders".
  5. Pepitone, Julianne (November 4, 2008). "10 studies that revealed the great global amphibian die-off -- and some possible solutions". Discover Magazine.
  6. "Academic Influence 1970-2020 Arkansas State University". 2021.
  7. "Academic Influence 1970-2020 Eastern Illinois University". 2021.
  8. "Academic Influence 1970-2020 Illinois State University". 2021.
  9. "List of Illinois State University alumni".
  10. "Math Courses at Illinois State University - OneClass Blog".
  11. . University Marketing and Communications, "02/20/1995 - EIU December Graduates Named.pdf" (1995). 1995. 63. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/press_releases_1995/63,
  12. McCallum, M.L. 1999. Rana sphenocephala (southern leopard frog) malformities found in Illinois with behavioral notes. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science 92:257-264.
  13. Kravetz, Andy (1 August 1997). "SIUE pond yields deformed frogs, questions of what they portend". St Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015.
  14. McCallum, M.L. (Editor). Proceedings of the First International Conference on Biodiversity and Sustainability of the Rio Negro Basin Brazil. Mid-America Aquacenter Publications. St. Louis, Missouri. 1,256 pages. 1999.
  15. Conservation for the Oceans. World Aquarium. St. Louis. Activities 1999-2014.
  16. McCallum, M. (2010). "A Method for Encouraging Classroom Discussion of Scientific Papers". Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America. 91 (3): 363–366. doi:10.1890/0012-9623-91.3.363. ISSN 0012-9623.
  17. McCallum, M.L. (2007). "Amphibian decline or extinction? Current losses dwarf background rates" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 41 (3): 483–491. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[483:adoecd]2.0.co;2.
  18. Pepitone, Julianne (2008). "10 Studies That Revealed the Great Global Amphibian Die-Off—and Some Possible Solutions". Discover Magazine. 41 (7).
  19. McCallum, M.L., J.L. McCallum, S.E. Trauth. 2009. Predicted climate change may spark box turtle declines. Amphibia-Reptilia 30:259-264.
  20. McCallum, M.L. 2010. Future Climate Change Spells Catastrophe for Blanchard’s Cricket Frog, Acris blanchardi (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Acta Herpetologica 5(1):119-130.
  21. Rhett A. Butler (June 21, 2015). Study confirms what scientists have been saying for decades: the sixth mass extinction is real and caused by us. http://news.mongabay.com/2015/0621-sixth-mass-extinction.html
  22. Anonymous. (June 16, 2015). Today's biodiversity losses comprise a sixth mass extinction. BirdWatch Magazine (UK) http://www.birdwatch.co.uk/channel/newsitem.asp?c=11&cate=__15971
  23. McCallum, Malcolm L.; Bury, Gwendolyn W. (2013). "Google search patterns suggest declining interest in the environment". Biodiversity and Conservation. 22 (6–7): 1355–1367. doi:10.1007/s10531-013-0476-6. S2CID 15593201.
  24. McCallum, Malcolm L. (2019-07-01). "Perspective: Global country-by-country response of public interest in the environment to the papal encyclical, Laudato Si′". Biological Conservation. 235: 209–225. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.04.010. ISSN 0006-3207. S2CID 181819204.
  25. "Interest in protecting environment up since Pope's 2015 encyclical". Mongabay Environmental News. 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  26. {{Cite web|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/Liste_der_s%C3%BCdafrikanischen_Botschafter_in_Russland
  27. "Recalling the Exhiled Goes of Apartheid". The New York Times. 2006-07-04. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  28. "Special provincial official funeral for SA struggle veteran Seekoe: Zuma". SABC News. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  29. "Malcolm L. McCallum". Academic Family Tree. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  30. McCallum, M.L. 2010. Characterizing author citation ratings of herpetologists using Harzing’s Publish or Perish. Herpetology Notes 3:239-245.
  31. McCallum, Malcolm (September 2015). "Vertebrate biodiversity losses point to a sixth mass extinction". Biodiversity and Conservation. 24 (10): 2497–2519. doi:10.1007/s10531-015-0940-6. S2CID 16845698.

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