Misplaced Pages

Sweet Child o' Mine: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 09:39, 6 November 2021 editCitation bot (talk | contribs)Bots5,406,217 edits Alter: template type. Add: magazine. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Black-and-white music videos | #UCB_Category 13/508← Previous edit Revision as of 03:47, 10 November 2021 edit undo71.168.103.78 (talk) RockTags: Reverted references removed Mobile edit Mobile web editNext edit →
Line 13: Line 13:
| recorded = 1987 | recorded = 1987
| studio = | studio =
| genre =
| genre = *]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clarke|first1=Donald|url=https://archive.org/details/penguinencyclope0000unse|title=The Penguin Encyclopedia of Popular Music|last2=Cackett|first2=Alan|last3=Balmer|first3=Paul|date=1998|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0-14-051370-7|page=|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/sweet-child-o-mine-mt0012262032|title=Sweet Child O' Mine - Guns N' Roses {{!}} Song Info|last=Huey|first=Steve|website=]|access-date=October 27, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Wake|first=Matt|date=April 8, 2021|title=A piece of Guns N' Roses history sells for $80,000|url=https://www.al.com/news/2021/04/how-much-does-a-piece-of-guns-n-roses-history-cost-about-80000.html|access-date=April 27, 2021|website=]}}</ref>
*]<ref>{{cite magazine|date=20 June 2012|title=Readers' Poll: The Best Hair Metal Songs of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/readers-poll-the-best-hair-metal-songs-of-all-time-12979/10-guns-n-roses-sweet-child-o-mine-256358/|access-date=9 March 2020|magazine=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Begrand|first=Adrien|date=5 April 2017|title=36 Essential '80s Pop Metal Tracks|url=https://www.stereogum.com/1922586/36-essential-80s-pop-metal-tracks/lists/ultimate-playlist/|access-date=11 April 2021|website=]}}</ref>
| length = {{ubl|{{duration|m=5|s=55}} (album version)}} 4:54 (video version) | length = {{ubl|{{duration|m=5|s=55}} (album version)}} 4:54 (video version)
| label = ] | label = ]

Revision as of 03:47, 10 November 2021

1988 single by Guns N' Roses

"Sweet Child o' Mine"
1988 US vinyl issue
Single by Guns N' Roses
from the album Appetite for Destruction
B-side
ReleasedJune 21, 1988 (1988-06-21)
Recorded1987
Length
  • 5:55 (album version)
4:54 (video version)
LabelGeffen
Songwriter(s)Guns N' Roses
Producer(s)Mike Clink
Guns N' Roses singles chronology
"Welcome to the Jungle"
(1987)
"Sweet Child o' Mine"
(1988)
"Paradise City"
(1989)
Music video
"Sweet Child o' Mine" on YouTube
Audio sample
"Sweet Child o' Mine"

"Sweet Child o' Mine" is a song by American rock band Guns N' Roses. It appeared on their debut album Appetite for Destruction. The song was released in June 1988 as the album's third single, and topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming the band's only number 1 US single. Re-released in 1989, it reached number 6 on the UK Singles Chart.

Background and composition

During a jam session at the band's house in the Sunset Strip, drummer Steven Adler and Slash were warming up and Slash began to play a "circus" melody while making faces at Adler. Rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin asked Slash to play it again. Stradlin came up with some chords, Duff McKagan created a bassline and Adler planned a beat. In his autobiography, Slash said "within an hour my guitar exercise had become something else". Lead singer Axl Rose was listening to the musicians upstairs in his room and was inspired to write lyrics, which he completed by the following afternoon. He based it on his girlfriend Erin Everly, and declared that Lynyrd Skynyrd served as an inspiration "to make sure that we'd got that heartfelt feeling". On the next composing session in Burbank, the band added a bridge and a guitar solo.

When the band recorded demos with producer Spencer Proffer, he suggested adding a breakdown at the song's end. The musicians agreed, but were not sure what to do. Listening to the demo in a loop, Rose started saying to himself, "Where do we go? Where do we go now?" and Proffer suggested that he sing that. An alternate version featuring half a live version, half a newly recorded 1999 version plays during the credits of the movie "Big Daddy".

Music video

The "Sweet Child o' Mine" video depicts the band rehearsing in the Mendiola's Ballroom at Huntington Park, surrounded by crew members. All of the band members' girlfriends at the time were shown in the clip: Rose's girlfriend Erin Everly, whose father was Don Everly of The Everly Brothers; McKagan's girlfriend Mandy Brix, from the all-female rock band the Lame Flames; Stradlin's girlfriend Angela Nicoletti; Adler's girlfriend Cheryl Swiderski; and Slash's girlfriend Sally McLaughlin. Stradlin's dog was also featured. The video was successful on MTV, and helped launch the song to success on mainstream radio.

To make "Sweet Child o' Mine" more marketable to MTV and radio stations, the song was edited down from 5:56 to 4:13, for the radio edit/remix, with much of Slash's guitar solo removed. This drew the ire of the band, including Rose, who commented on it in a 1989 interview with Rolling Stone: "I hate the edit of 'Sweet Child O' Mine.' Radio stations said, 'Well, your vocals aren't cut.' My favorite part of the song is Slash's slow solo; it's the heaviest part for me. There's no reason for it to be missing except to create more space for commercials, so the radio-station owners can get more advertising dollars. When you get the chopped version of 'Paradise City' or half of 'Sweet Child' and 'Patience' cut, you're getting screwed."

A 7-inch vinyl format and cassette single were released. The album version of the song was included on the US single release, while the UK single was the "edit/remix" version. The 12" vinyl format also contained the longer LP version. The b-side to the single is a non-album, live version of "It's So Easy".

On an interview on Eddie Trunk's New York radio show in May 2006, Rose stated that his original concept for the video focused on the theme of drug trafficking. According to Rose, the video was to depict an Asian woman carrying a baby into a foreign land, only to discover at the end that the child was dead and filled with heroin. This concept was rejected by Geffen Records.

There is also an alternative video for "Sweet Child o' Mine" in the same place, but with different shots and filmed in black and white.

The song was used over the closing credits to the 1988 horror movie Bad Dreams. According to writer/director Andrew Fleming on the DVD commentary, the choice of the end credits song was the greatest drama in the whole making of this film. Fleming wanted to use a live version of the song “Burning House of Love” by "X," while 20th Century Fox executive Ralph Sall suggested “Sweet Child O’ Mine” by then-unknown band "Guns ‘N Roses," thinking it would be cheaper and a possible hit. Fleming liked Sall’s suggestion but didn’t think it was as appropriate. Eventually Sall got his way. “I think we licensed it for about five cents,” Fleming said. “And only weeks after did it actually become a hit.” According to Fleming, "Guns ‘N Roses" were also going to do a video that incorporated clips from the movie. “They came in and watched it and were stoked by the movie,” Fleming said. “But then Axl Roses girlfriend, Erin Everly, said the song was about her. She didn’t want a song about her to have clips from a horror movie in it. So she got her way. We didn’t get a video, but Ralph was right about the song.”

Reception

"Sweet Child o' Mine" placed number 37 on Guitar World's list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Solos." It also came in at number 3 on Blender's 500 Greatest Songs Since You Were Born, and at number 198 on Rolling Stone's The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In March 2005, Q magazine placed it at number 6 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Tracks. On a 2004 Total Guitar magazine poll, the introduction's famous riff was voted number 1 riff of all-time by the readers of the magazine. It was also in Rolling Stone's 40 Greatest Songs that Changed the World. It places number 7 in VH1's "100 Greatest Songs of the '80s", and placed number 210 on the RIAA Songs of the Century list.

As of June 2019, the song is ranked as the 76th greatest song of all time, as well as the best song of 1987, by Acclaimed Music. The song has sold 2,609,000 digital copies in the United States as of March 2012.

Guitarist Slash said in 1990, " turned into a huge hit and now it makes me sick. I mean, I like it, but I hate what it represents."

Kerrang! ranked the song the 8th best Guns N' Roses song.

Australian Crawl controversy

In 2015, the web page of the Australian music TV channel MAX published an article by music writer Nathan Jolly that noted similarities between "Sweet Child o' Mine" and the song "Unpublished Critics" by the Australian band Australian Crawl, from 1981. The article included both songs, inviting readers to compare the two. It also cited a reader's comment on an earlier article that had originally drawn attention to the similarities between the songs. As of May 2015, this comment no longer appeared on the earlier article. The story went viral quickly, encouraging several comments on both the MAX article and the suggestion that "Unpublished Critics" had influenced "Sweet Child o' Mine", including one from Duff McKagan, bass player with Guns N' Roses when "Sweet Child o' Mine" was written and recorded. McKagan found the similarities between the songs "stunning," but said he had not previously heard "Unpublished Critics."

Formats and track listing

All tracks are written by Guns N' Roses except where noted

US 7" vinyl (27963-7)
No.TitleLength
1."Sweet Child o' Mine" (LP Version)5:55
2."It's So Easy" (Live at The Marquee Club 06.28.1987) 
UK 7" vinyl (GEF 43)
No.TitleLength
1."Sweet Child o' Mine" (Remix/Edit)3:57
2."Out Ta Get Me" (LP Version)4:20
Total length:8:17
UK 10" vinyl (GEF 43TE), 12" vinyl (GEF 43T), 12" vinyl Metallic Sleeve(GEF 43TV)
No.TitleLength
1."Sweet Child o' Mine" (LP Version)5:55
2."Out Ta Get Me" (LP Version)4:20
3."Rocket Queen" (LP Version) 
UK re-release 7" vinyl (GEF 55)
No.TitleLength
1."Sweet Child o' Mine" (Remix/Edit)3:57
2."Out Ta Get Me" (LP Version)4:20
UK re-release 12" vinyl (GEF 55T), 3" CD (GEF 55CD)
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Sweet Child o' Mine" (LP Version) 5:55
2."Move to the City" (LP Version)Guns N' Roses, Del James, Chris Weber 
3."Whole Lotta Rosie" (Live AC/DC Cover)Angus Young, Malcolm Young, Bon Scott 
4."It's So Easy" (Live)Guns N' Roses, West Arkeen 

Personnel

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (1988–2021) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA) 11
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) 11
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) 36
Canada Top Singles (RPM) 7
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) 23
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) 23
Global 200 (Billboard) 154
Ireland (IRMA) 4
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) 24
Netherlands (Single Top 100) 20
Hungary (Single Top 40) 31
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) 5
Spain (PROMUSICAE) 30
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) 27
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) 15
UK Singles (OCC) 6
UK Rock & Metal (OCC) 1
US Billboard Hot 100 1
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) 7

Year-end charts

Chart (1988) Position
Australia (ARIA) 61
Canada Top Singles (RPM) 50
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) 16
US Billboard Hot 100 5

All-time charts

Chart (1958–2018) Position
US Billboard Hot 100 454

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) 8× Platinum 560,000
Denmark (IFPI Danmark) Platinum 90,000
Italy (FIMI)
sales since 2009
3× Platinum 150,000
United Kingdom (BPI) 3× Platinum 1,800,000
United States (RIAA) Gold 3,126,000
United States (RIAA)
Mastertone
Platinum 1,000,000

Sales figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Sheryl Crow version

"Sweet Child o' Mine"
Single by Sheryl Crow
from the album Big Daddy soundtrack
ReleasedJune 22, 1999 (1999-06-22)
GenreRock
Length3:49
LabelA&M
Songwriter(s)Guns N' Roses
Producer(s)Rick Rubin, Sheryl Crow
Sheryl Crow singles chronology
"Anything but Down"
(1999)
"Sweet Child o' Mine"
(1999)
"Soak Up the Sun"
(2002)

The song was covered by Sheryl Crow on the soundtrack to Big Daddy, and released as a bonus track on her third studio album, The Globe Sessions. The recording was produced by Rick Rubin and Crow. A music video for Crow's version was also released, directed by Stéphane Sednaoui. Crow performed the song live at Woodstock '99.

Ultimate Classic Rock profiled the song as part of a series on "Terrible Classic Rock Covers", and Rolling Stone readers named it the fourth worst cover song of all-time. Despite its negative reception, it became a moderate hit in Australia, Canada, Iceland, Ireland and the United Kingdom, and it earned Crow a Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.

Charts

Chart (1999) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA) 60
Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) 9
Canada Top Singles (RPM) 42
Canada Rock/Alternative (RPM) 26
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) 79
Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40) 11
Ireland (IRMA) 26
Netherlands (Single Top 100) 95
Scotland (OCC) 24
UK Singles (OCC) 30
US Adult Pop Airplay (Billboard) 29

Taken by Trees version

"Sweet Child o' Mine"
Single by Taken by Trees
ReleasedNovember 23, 2009
GenreIndie pop
LabelRough Trade
Songwriter(s)Guns N' Roses
Taken by Trees singles chronology
"Lost & Found"
(2007)
"Sweet Child o' Mine"
(2009)
"Dreams"
(2012)
John Lewis & Partners Christmas advert singles chronology
"Sweet Child o' Mine"
(2009)
"Your Song"
(2010)

In 2009, Taken by Trees, the solo project of Swedish singer Victoria Bergsman, former lead singer of the Concretes covered the song for the 2009 John Lewis & Partners Christmas advert, a UK advertising tradition since 2007. It was later announced that the version would be released as their next UK single. It was also used in the promotional trailers for the 2009 remake of The Last House on the Left. The song was also used in the final scene for the 2010 film Life as We Know It. Bergsman's version reached Number 23 on the UK Singles chart on November 28, 2009 and remained at the spot for six weeks.

See also

References

  1. "Artist Chart History - Guns N' Roses". Billboard. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  2. "Guns N' Roses". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  3. ^ "The Story Behind The Song - Guns N' Roses 'Sweet Child O' Mine'". Here Today... Gone To Hell!.
  4. ^ Slash; Bozza, Anthony (2007). Slash. Harper Entertainment. pp. 154–5. ISBN 978-0-00-725775-1.
  5. "New Guns N' Roses Makes Mystery Debut; Live Album Sessions Underway". MTV News. July 9, 1999. Archived from the original on January 28, 2020. Retrieved January 28, 2020.
  6. Del James (August 10, 1989). "Axl Rose: The Rolling Stone Interview". Rolling Stone.
  7. "Guns N' Roses - Sweet Child O' Mine". YouTube. December 24, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2013.
  8. "News". Rolling Stone. December 11, 2003. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  9. "Guns N' Roses top rock riff poll". BBC News. May 2, 2004. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  10. "Acclaimed Music Top 3000 songs". Acclaimed Music. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
  11. "Week Ending March 18, 2012. Songs: Your '80s Party Mix-Tape". Yahoo! Music. March 21, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
  12. Rowland, Mark (February 1991). "LA Law and Disorder". Select, reprinted from Musician. p. 45.
  13. "The 20 greatest Guns N' Roses songs – ranked". Kerrang.com. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
  14. "How similar is 'Sweet Child O Mine' to a 1981 Australian Crawl song?". maxtv.com.au. Archived from the original on June 19, 2016.
  15. "Slash is open to a Gunners reunion: 'Never say never'". maxtv.com.au. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016.
  16. "Guns N Roses Sweet Child O Mine comes under plagiarism charges - ViralNewsChart via Consequence of Sound". ViralNewsChart. May 10, 2015. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  17. "Australian Crawl fans spark online debate after pointing out similarities with Guns N' Roses hit". NewsComAu. May 11, 2015.
  18. "Did Guns N' Roses' 'Sweet Child O' Mine' Copy Australian Crawl's 'Unpublished Critics'?". Billboard.
  19. "Guns N' Roses 'Sweet Child O' Mine' Plagiarism Claims Laughed Off by Australian Crawl Singer". Ultimate Classic Rock.
  20. Tan, Monica (May 14, 2015). "James Reyne responds to Guns N' Roses Sweet Child O' Mine plagiarism rumours". The Guardian.
  21. "Duff McKagan: Guns N' Roses Didn't Plagiarize on 'Sweet Child O' Mine'". Radio.com. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  22. "Duff McKagan on the Aussie Crawl song: 'It is pretty stunning... but we didn't steal it from them'". maxtv.com.au. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
  23. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  24. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  25. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  26. "Top RPM Singles: Issue 8543." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  27. "Eurochart Hot 100" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 6, no. 25. June 24, 1989. p. V. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
  28. Pennanen, Timo. Sisältää hitin: levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972. Otava Publishing Company Ltd, 2003. ISBN 951-1-21053-X
  29. "Guns N Roses Chart History (Global 200)". Billboard. Retrieved October 19, 2021.
  30. "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Guns N' Roses". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  31. "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 39, 1989" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  32. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  33. "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Single (track) Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  34. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  35. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  36. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine". Singles Top 100. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  37. "Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  38. "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  39. "Official Rock & Metal Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  40. "Guns N Roses Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  41. "Guns N Roses Chart History (Mainstream Rock)". Billboard. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  42. ^ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010. Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing.
  43. "Top 100 Singles of '88" (PDF). RPM. Vol. 49, no. 10. December 24, 1988. p. 9. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  44. "End of Year Charts 1988". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  45. "Billboard Top 100 – 1988". Billboardtop100of.com. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  46. "Billboard Hot 100 60th Anniversary Interactive Chart". Billboard. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  47. "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2020 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
  48. "Danish single certifications – Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child o' Mine". IFPI Danmark. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  49. "Italian single certifications – Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child o' Mine" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved December 31, 2019. Select "2019" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Type "Sweet Child o' Mine" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Singoli" under "Sezione".
  50. "British single certifications – Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child o' Mine". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
  51. Grein, Paul (February 19, 2014). "Chart Watch: 'Dark Horse' Holds Off 'Happy'". Yahoo! Music. Yahoo. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  52. ^ "American single certifications – Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  53. "Sheryl Crow to Release 'Sweet Child O' Mine,' Her Special Version of the Rock Classic, in June". Thefreelibrary.com. June 1, 1999. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved April 12, 2013.
  54. "Woodstock '99 Report #15: Sheryl Crow Act Short On Theatrics, Long On Emotion". MTV.
  55. "Sheryl Crow, 'Sweet Child O' Mine' - Terrible Classic Rock Covers". Ultimate Classic Rock.
  56. "Rolling Stone Readers Choose the Worst Cover Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. August 18, 2011.
  57. "Grammy Awards Winners & Nominees for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance". Grammy Awards. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  58. "Sheryl Crow – Sweet Child O' Mine" (in Dutch). Ultratip. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  59. "Top RPM Singles: Issue 8362." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  60. "Top RPM Rock/Alternative Tracks: Issue 8360." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  61. "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 16, no. 38. September 18, 1999. p. 15. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
  62. "Íslenski Listinn (22.7–29.7. 1999)". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). July 30, 1999. p. 10. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  63. "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Sheryl Crow". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
  64. "Sheryl Crow – Sweet Child O' Mine" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  65. "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  66. "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  67. "Sheryl Crow Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  68. Mentioned on the Radio 1 Fearne Cotton Show, November 20, 2009 approx 11:00 GMT
  69. "TAKEN BY TREES | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". www.officialcharts.com. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

External links

Guns N' Roses
Studio albums
Live albums
Extended plays
Compilation albums
Singles
Promo singles
Other songs
Videos and DVDs
Tours
Related
Articles
Bands
Sheryl Crow
Studio albums
Compilation albums
Live albums
Singles
Guest singles
Related articles
American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Song
MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Categories: