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{{Medal|Bronze| ] | 200 m}} |
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{{Medal|Bronze| ] | 200 m}} |
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'''Merlene Joyce Ottey''' ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jamaica.loopnews.com/content/merlene-ottey-receive-jamaicas-fourth-highest-national-honour |work=Jamaica Loop News |title=Merlene Ottey to receive Jamaica's fourth-highest national honour |accessdate= 28 June 2021}}</ref> ] (born 10 May 1960) is a ]n-]n former ] ]er. She began her career representing Jamaica in 1978, and continued to do so for 24 years, before representing ] from 2002 to 2012. She is ranked fourth on the all-time list over ] (indoor), eighth on the all-time list over ] and sixth on the all-time list over ]. She is the current world indoor record holder for 200 metres with 21.87 seconds, set in 1993. She was named ] 13 times between 1979 and 1995. |
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Ottey had the longest career as a top level international sprinter appearing at the Pan Am games in 1979 as a 19 year old fresh from U20 and Junior competitions, and concluding her career at age 52 when she anchored the Slovene ] team at the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://masterstrack.com/2010/07/14700/ |title=Merlene Ottey becomes oldest athlete in Euro championships |publisher=masterstrack.com |access-date=23 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008004702/http://masterstrack.com/2010/07/14700/ |archive-date=8 October 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2010/jul/31/merlene-ottey-oldest-competitor | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Helen | last=Chandler | title=Merlene Ottey hopes age will be no barrier in the long run | date=31 July 2010}}</ref> A nine-time Olympic medalist, she holds the record for the most Olympic appearances (seven) of any track and field athlete. Although gold medal success at the Olympics eluded Ottey, she was able to bring home three silvers and six bronze medals. She won 14 ] medals,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605024617/http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/Competition/05/15/62/20090706014640_httppostedfile_p001-344_11301.pdf |date=5 June 2011 }}. ]. Retrieved on 13 August 2009.</ref> and still holds the record (as of 2017) for most medals in individual events with 10.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org//ebooks/2017/WCH/index.html#page=72 |work=IAAF |title=Individual placings |access-date=13 August 2017}}</ref> Her career achievements and longevity led to her being called the "Queen of the Track". Her proclivity for earning bronze medals in major championships earned her the title of "Bronze Queen" in track circles.<ref></ref> |
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Ottey was formerly married to the American high jumper and 400 m hurdler Nat Page and was known as Merlene Ottey-Page during the mid-eighties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/slovenia/merlene-ottey-61432|title=Merlene OTTEY {{!}} Profile|website=www.worldathletics.org|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> |
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==Life and sprinting career== |
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Merlene Ottey was born to Hubert and Joan Ottey in Cold Spring, ]. She was introduced to the sport by her mother, who bought her a manual on track and field. In her early school years in the 1970s, Ottey attended Gurneys Mount and Pondside Schools before graduating from ] and Vere Technical high schools. There she frequently competed barefoot in local races. |
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Ottey's inspiration came from listening to the track and field broadcast from the ] in Montreal, where ] ran in the sprint finals. Her athletics career took off when she moved to the ] and attended the ] in 1979, where she joined the track team. She represented Jamaica in the ], winning a ] in the 200 m. She graduated from university with a Bachelor of Arts Degree and married fellow athlete Nathaniel Page in 1984 and briefly used the name Merlene Ottey-Page. The couple later divorced. |
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In the ], Ottey became the first female English-speaking ] athlete to win an Olympic medal. Back in Jamaica, she was awarded an Officer of the Order of Nation, and the Order of Distinction for 'services in the field of sport'. |
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In the ], Ottey won a gold medal in the 200 m and silver medal in the 100 m. Nearly a decade later, in the ], she won gold in both events. Ottey was named Ambassador of Jamaica after her gold medal win in the 1993 world championships. She has also been named ] 13 times between 1979 and 1995. |
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Throughout her career, she has won nine Olympic medals, which ties with ] for the ] in track and field history . These include three silver and six bronze medals. She has never won an Olympic gold medal, but lost by five thousandths of a second to ] in the ] at the ] in Atlanta when they both recorded the same time of 10.94 seconds.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/devers-gives-the-old-shoulder-to-ottey-1331014.html | work=The Independent | location=London | title=Devers gives the old shoulder to Ottey | first=Mike | last=Rowbottom | date=29 July 1996 | access-date=12 May 2010}}</ref> This was not her closest finish to Devers – she recorded a time of 10.812 seconds to Devers' 10.811 seconds in the ] in Stuttgart – still the closest finish at an international athletics meet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iaaf.org/mm/document/competitions/competition/05/15/62/20090706014640_httppostedfile_p001-344_11301.pdf |title=Draft Front inside & p001 1 |access-date=23 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605024617/http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/Competition/05/15/62/20090706014640_httppostedfile_p001-344_11301.pdf |archive-date=5 June 2011 }}</ref> |
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Her ] from 1980 to 2004 are the second most by any ] athlete, after Spanish race walker ]. |
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She held the record for most World Championship medals, winning 14 (three gold, three silver, eight bronze) between 1983 and 1997, until ] took her total from 13 to 16 in 2017 and then to 18 in 2019. Ottey still holds the record for most World Championship medals in individual events, with 10. 13 of her medals at the Olympics and World Championships were bronze, earning her the nickname "the Bronze Queen" in racing circles. Ottey was appointed an Ambassador at Large by the Jamaican government in 1993. |
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==Controversy== |
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In 1999, during a meet in ], a ] sample submitted had returned positive for the banned ] ]. Her 'B' sample also contained higher than normal levels of the substance. Ottey was subsequently banned by the ] from competing in the World Championships in ]. |
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Ottey fought to clear her name, asserting that charge was a "terrible mistake", and that she was innocent of knowingly taking steroids.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |title= Ottey cleared of drug charge |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/519559.stm |work= BBC News, Sport |date= 15 November 1999 |access-date=4 August 2009}}</ref> In the summer of 2000, Ottey was cleared of all charges by the Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association; the IAAF lifted its two-year ban, after the CAS dismissed the case. The Court of Arbitration for Sport dismissed the case because the retesting order by the CAS was not completed in the time frame allotted. |
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In Jamaica, at the National Senior Trials before selection for the Olympics, Ottey placed a disappointing fourth. According to the rules of the Jamaica Amateur Athletics Association (JAAA), only athletes who had finished in the top three at the trials were eligible to run at the Olympics; she was only qualified to run on the ] team. Ottey asked that she be substituted for another team member, a courtesy that had been extended to others in the past. The JAAA's decision to replace ] with Ottey caused widespread controversy. Dowdie's team members and many Jamaicans believed that Ottey had bullied her way onto the team. She was construed as an aging icon trying to retain power by usurping the place of a younger and equally worthy athlete. Jamaican 400 m Olympian and championship medallist ] led the notorious "Games Village" protests to oust Ottey, which made international headlines. The protest ended when The ] (IOC) threatened to throw the Jamaicans out of the Games if the team managers were not able to control their charges.<ref name = "Observer 1">{{cite web |author= Agostinho Pinnock |title= Merlene Ottey – no longer going for gold? |url= http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/AllWoman/html/20040822T220000-0500_64978_OBS_MERLENE_OTTEY___NO_LONGER_GOING_FOR_GOLD__.asp |work= Jamaica Observer, newspaper |date= 23 August 2005 |access-date=4 August 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071017102249/http://jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/AllWoman/html/20040822T220000-0500_64978_OBS_MERLENE_OTTEY___NO_LONGER_GOING_FOR_GOLD__.asp |archive-date = 17 October 2007}}</ref> |
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At the 2000 Olympics, Ottey finished fourth in the 100 m, beaten from a medal by fellow Jamaican sprinter ]. The race was won by ], who registered 10.75 seconds, followed by ] of ] in 11.12 seconds. Lawrence posted 11.18 seconds to Ottey's 11.19 seconds. In the 4×100 relay, the Jamaican team – bronze medalist Lawrence, teenager and newcomer ], and ] – was anchored by Ottey to a silver medal. This medal gave Ottey her eighth medal, the most ever for a female athlete. Nine years later, after the disqualification of Jones for steroid abuse, Ottey's fourth place was ] to third – giving Ottey her ninth medal – and Lawrence to second. |
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Due to the controversy, Ottey decided that "after Sydney I said I wasn't going to run another race for Jamaica ... because I felt like the Jamaicans were trying to push me out of the sport and I really needed to prove my point, that I might be 40 but I can still run."<ref name="Reuters">{{cite web |title= Interview: Merlene Ottey |url= http://www.rediff.com/sports/2004/aug/13oly-ath.htm |work= rediff.com |publisher= Reuters |date= 13 August 2004 |access-date=4 August 2009}}</ref> |
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==Slovenia== |
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In 1998 Ottey moved to ] and began training with Slovene coach ]. There she was still representing Jamaica. However, in May 2002, she became a Slovene citizen, and resided in ], where she represented her new country in international events. |
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Ottey competed for Slovenia in the ] at the ] in Athens, where she reached the semifinals. She finished 5th, missing out on qualification for the final by just 0.03s. At age 46, she competed in the ]. She finished fifth in the semi-finals of the 100 metres and did not qualify for the final, which was won by ]'s ]. |
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Ottey failed by 0.28 seconds to reach her eighth Olympic Games, aged 48 in 2008. In spite of this, two years later she qualified for the Slovenian 4 x 100-metre relay squad at the ] where she became the oldest athlete ever to participate in the history of the European championships.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726163214/http://www.bcn2010.org/paginasFront/Noticies/Detall_Noticies_/_IZ5g6X2evdHtKyMtyaZJdhhdFfQDAPI5pWMbTpXzwcZ7LRTK51qBS52lxDUjv_YNfZjhINTz38XP-sf06-aXnflDIOvdRcku |date=26 July 2010 }}. Barcelona 2010 official site. Retrieved on 29 July 2010.</ref> |
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At the age of 52, Ottey competed in the ] at the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/sport/52-y-o-Ottey-for-Helsinki-champs_11751741|title=52-y-o Ottey for Helsinki champs|publisher=jamaicaobserver.com|access-date=20 June 2012}}</ref> The Slovenian team were ranked 22nd in the world before the ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/men/senior/2020|title=100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor - 2020|website=www.worldathletics.org|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> with only the top 16 teams qualifying. |
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Since 2014, Ottey has lived in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/sports/20161129/ottey-usain-legend- |work=The Gleaner |title=Ottey: Usain is a legend |date=29 November 2016 |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> |
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==Records and achievements== |
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] in ]]] |
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*Ottey ranks at number four on the all-time list of the ], and number seven on the ]. |
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*In 1990, Ottey was awarded the ] and the ] awards |
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*Ottey is the first female athlete to run 60 metres under seven seconds (6.96 in 1992) |
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*Ottey is the only woman to have run the 200 metres under 22 seconds indoors (21.87 in 1993). |
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*Ottey has the fastest 100 and 200 metres one day combination, with 10.93 and 21.66 (32.59 total) at the 1990 ] grand prix. |
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*Ottey has run 100 metres under eleven seconds – 67 times ( plus 9 wind-assisted ) a record among female sprinters. |
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*Ottey has run 200 metres under twenty-two seconds - 18 times (plus once wind-assisted) another record among female sprinters. |
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*Ottey has 57 consecutive wins in 100 metres – the most consecutive wins over 100 metres for a female, and 34 consecutive wins at 200 metres. |
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*Ottey holds the official ] ] in the 100 m and 200 m for the age groups W35 ( 100- 10.74 in 1996, 200- 21.93 in 1995 ) W40 ( 100- 10.99 in 2000, 200- 22.74 in 2004 ) W45 ( 100- 11.34 in 2006, 200- 23.82 in 2006 ) W50 ( 100- 11.67 in 2010, 200- 24.33 in 2010 ).<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111105152/http://www.world-masters-athletics.org/records/outdoor-women |date=11 January 2012 }}</ref> |
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*Ottey is the first from the ] (outside the USA) to win two individual medals at the same Olympic Games. |
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*At the ], Ottey became the oldest ever female gold medallist when she won the 200 m at age 35 years 92 days. At the ] in Athens, she became the oldest female medallist ever at 37 years 90 days, when she won the bronze medal. In the ], at age 40, Ottey became the oldest female track and field medalist when she anchored the Jamaican women's 4×100 metres to a silver medal. With the disqualification of ], she was awarded the bronze medal in the 100 metres, making her the oldest individual medallist. |
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*Ottey along with ], ] and ], is one of four athletes to win twenty or more medals at the Olympic Games and the World Championships (combined). |
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*Ottey holds the record for running the fastest women's Indoor ], in 21.87 seconds. This record has stood since 1993 and remains (as of 2016) the only sub 22sec clocking by a woman indoors. |
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*In six World Championships competing for Jamaica, Ottey has won fourteen medals: three gold, four silver and seven bronze medals, while at the Olympics she has earned three silver and six bronze medals. |
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*Ottey was the first female ] athlete to win an Olympic medal. |
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*Ottey has won the most career Olympic medals (9 medals: 3 silver and 6 bronze) in women's track and field, a record now shared with American sprinter ] (6 gold and 3 silver). |
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*Ottey has the quickest 200m performance ever into a headwind (-1.0m/sec or more ) achieved when clocking 21.66 (-1.0) in Zurich, 1990. |
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*Ottey has won the ] (sportswoman) a record 13 times, first winning in 1979 and last winning in 1995, no man or woman has won the award more. |
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==International competitions== |
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{| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |
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|- |
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!colspan="6"|Representing {{JAM}} |
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|- |
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|rowspan = "3"|1978 |
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|rowspan = "3"|] |
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|rowspan = "3"|], Mexico |
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| style="background:#c96;"|3rd |
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|200 m |
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|25.34s '''A''' |
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|- |
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|bgcolor=gold|1st |
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|4x100 m relay |
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|47.12s '''A''' |
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|- |
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| style="background:silver;"|2nd |
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|4x400 m relay |
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|3:58.8 '''A''' |
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|- |
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|rowspan = "4"|1979 |
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|rowspan = "3"|] |
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|rowspan = "3"|], ] |
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| style="background:silver;"|2nd |
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|100 m |
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|11.87s |
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|- |
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| style="background:silver;"|2nd |
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|200 m |
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|24.05s |
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|- |
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| style="background:silver;"|2nd |
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|4x100 m relay |
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|46.47s |
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|- |
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|] |
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|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"|3rd |
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|200 m |
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|22.79{{AthAbbr|w}} |
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|- |
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|rowspan=3|1980 |
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|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|200 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|6th |
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|4x100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|heats |
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|4x400 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|rowspan=3|1982 |
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|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
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|100m |
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|11.03 |
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|- |
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|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|200 m |
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|22.19w |
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|- |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|4x100 m |
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|43.69 |
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|- |
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|rowspan=3|1983 |
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|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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|4th |
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|100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
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|200 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|4x100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|rowspan=3|1984 |
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|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|200 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|8th |
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|4x100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|rowspan=4|1987 |
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|rowspan=2|] |
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|rowspan=2|], ] |
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||4th |
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|60 m |
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|7.13 |
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|- |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
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|200m |
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|22.66 |
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|- |
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|rowspan=2|] |
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|rowspan=2|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|100 m |
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|11.04 |
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|- |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|200 m |
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|22.06 |
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|- |
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|rowspan=3|1988 |
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|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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|DNS (sf) |
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|100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|4th |
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|200 m |
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|] |
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|- |
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|DNS (f) |
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|4x100 m |
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|] |
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|- |
|
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|rowspan=2|1989 |
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|rowspan=2|] |
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|rowspan=2|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|60 m |
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|7.10 |
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|- |
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|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|200 m |
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|22.34 |
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|- |
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|rowspan=2|1990 |
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|rowspan=2|] |
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|rowspan=2|], New Zealand |
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|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|100 m |
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|11.02w |
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|- |
|
|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|200 m |
|
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|22.76 |
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=5|1991 |
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|
|rowspan=2|] |
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|rowspan=2|], ] |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
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|60 m |
|
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|7.08 |
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|- |
|
|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|200 m |
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|22.24 |
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|] |
|
|
|rowspan=3|], ] |
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|100m |
|
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|] |
|
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|- |
|
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|200 m |
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|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
|
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|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|1992 |
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|
|rowspan=3|] |
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|
|rowspan=3|], ] |
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|5th |
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|
|100 m |
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|] |
|
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|- |
|
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| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
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|
|200 m |
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|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
| |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|1993 |
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|
|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], Germany |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|100 m |
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|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
|
|
|200 m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
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|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|1994 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], United Kingdom |
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|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|
|200 m |
|
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|22.23 |
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=4|1995 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
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|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
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|60 m |
|
|
|6.97 |
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|] |
|
|
|rowspan=3|], ] |
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| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|bgcolor=gold | 1st |
|
|
|200m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
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|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|1996 |
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|
|rowspan=3|] |
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|rowspan=3|], ] |
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|
| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|200 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=2|1997 |
|
|
|rowspan=2|] |
|
|
|rowspan=2|], ] |
|
|
|7th |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|200 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|1998 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], United States |
|
|
|4th |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|11.21 |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=2|2000 |
|
|
|rowspan=2|] |
|
|
|rowspan=2|], Australia |
|
|
| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
| style="background:silver;"| 2nd |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
!colspan="6" |Representing {{SLO}} |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=4|2003 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
| style="background:#c96;"| 3rd |
|
|
|60 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|] |
|
|
|rowspan=3|], ] |
|
|
|11th (sf) |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|16th (qf) |
|
|
|200 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|heats |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=3|2004 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|9th (sf) |
|
|
|60 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=2|] |
|
|
|rowspan=2|], ] |
|
|
|10th (sf) |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|DNF (sf) |
|
|
|200 m |
|
|
|] (h) |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|2006 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|10th (sf) |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|rowspan=2|2007 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|19th (h) |
|
|
|60 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|38th (h) |
|
|
|100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|2010 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|13th (h) |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
|2012 |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|], ] |
|
|
|11th (h) |
|
|
|4x100 m |
|
|
|] |
|
|
|- |
|
|
!colspan=6|<small>''' (#) Indicates overall position in qualifying heats (h) quarterfinals (qf) or semifinals (sf). DNF = did not finish''' DNS = did not start</small> |
|
|
|} |
|
|
|
|
|
==See also== |
|
|
*] |
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*] |
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|
|
==References== |
|
|
{{reflist}} |
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|
|
|
|
==External links== |
|
|
{{Commons category|Merlene Ottey}} |
|
|
*{{iaaf name|id=61432}} |
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* |
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* |
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{{Navboxes |
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{{Navboxes |
