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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Horology" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Horology ("the study of time", related to Latin horologium from Greek ὡρολόγιον, "instrument for telling the hour", from ὥρα hṓra "hour; time" and -o- interfix and suffix -logy) is the study of the measurement of time. Clocks, watches, clockwork, sundials, hourglasses, clepsydras, timers, time recorders, marine chronometers, and atomic clocks are all examples of instruments used to measure time. In current usage, horology refers mainly to the study of mechanical time-keeping devices, while chronometry more broadly includes electronic devices that have largely supplanted mechanical clocks for the best accuracy and precision in time-keeping.

People interested in horology are called horologists. That term is used both by people who deal professionally with timekeeping apparatus (watchmakers, clockmakers), as well as aficionados and scholars of horology. Horology and horologists have numerous organizations, both professional associations and more scholarly societies. The largest horological membership organisation globally is the NAWCC, the National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, which is USA based, but also has local chapters elsewhere.

History

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021)

Museums and libraries

In Europe

There are many horology museums and several specialized libraries devoted to the subject. One example is the Royal Greenwich Observatory, which is also the source of the Prime Meridian (longitude 0° 0' 0"), and the home of the first marine timekeepers accurate enough to determine longitude (made by John Harrison). Other horological museums in the London area include the Clockmakers' Museum, which re-opened at the Science Museum in October 2015, the horological collections at the British Museum, the Science Museum (London), and the Wallace Collection. The Guildhall Library in London contains an extensive public collection on horology. In Upton, also in the United Kingdom, at the headquarters of the British Horological Institute, there is the Museum of Timekeeping. A more specialised museum of horology in the United Kingdom is the Cuckooland Museum in Cheshire, which hosts the world's largest collection of antique cuckoo clocks.

One of the more comprehensive museums dedicated to horology is the Musée international d'horlogerie, in La Chaux-de-Fonds in Switzerland, which contains a public library of horology. The Musée d'Horlogerie du Locle is smaller but located nearby. Other good horological libraries providing public access are at the Musée international d'horlogerie in Switzerland, at La Chaux-de-Fonds, and at Le Locle.

In France, Besançon has the Musée du Temps (Museum of Time) in the historic Palais Grenvelle. In Serpa and Évora, in Portugal, there is the Museu do Relógio. In Germany, there is the Deutsches Uhrenmuseum in Furtwangen im Schwarzwald, in the Black Forest, which contains a public library of horology.

In North America

The two leading specialised horological museums in North America are the National Watch and Clock Museum in Columbia, Pennsylvania, and the American Clock and Watch Museum in Bristol, Connecticut. Another museum dedicated to clocks is the Willard House and Clock Museum in Grafton, Massachusetts. One of the most comprehensive horological libraries open to the public is the National Watch and Clock Library in Columbia, Pennsylvania.

Organizations

Notable scholarly horological organizations include:

• American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute – AWCI (United States of America)
• Antiquarian Horological Society – AHS (United Kingdom)
• British Horological Institute – BHI (United Kingdom)
• Chronometrophilia (Switzerland)
• Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chronometrie – DGC (Germany)
• Horological Society of New York – HSNY (United States of America)
• National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors – NAWCC (United States of America)
• UK Horology - UK Clock & Watch Company based in Bristol

World exhibitions

• Geneva Time Exhibition
• Salon International de la Haute Horlogerie (SIHH)

Glossary

See also

• Dictionary of Horology

• Complication (horology)
• History of timekeeping devices
• Hora (astrology)
• Horoscope
• List of clock manufacturers
• List of watch manufacturers
• Winthrop Kellogg Edey

References

1. "horology". Online Etymology Dictionary.
2. ὡρολόγιον, ὥρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.

Further reading

• Maria Noyen (4 Nov 2021). "The Queen has a specialist team of clock masters that spend 40 hours tweaking over 1,000 clocks in her residences for daylight-saving time". Insider.
• Perman, Stacy, A Grand Complication: The Race to Build the World's Most Legendary Watch, Atria Books (Simon & Schuster), February 2013. ISBN 9781439190081
• Berner, G.A., Illustrated Professional Dictionary of Horology, Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry FH 1961 - 2012
• Daniels, George, Watchmaking, London: Philip Wilson Publishers, 1981 (reprinted June 15, 2011)
• Beckett, Edmund, A Rudimentary Treatise on Clocks, Watches and Bells, 1903, from Project Gutenberg
• Grafton, Edward, Horology, a popular sketch of clock and watch making, London: Aylett and Jones, 1849

v t e Time measurement and standards
Chronometry Orders of magnitude Metrology
International standards	Coordinated Universal Time offset UT ΔT DUT1 International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service ISO 31-1 ISO 8601 International Atomic Time 12-hour clock 24-hour clock Barycentric Coordinate Time Barycentric Dynamical Time Civil time Daylight saving time Geocentric Coordinate Time International Date Line IERS Reference Meridian Leap second Solar time Terrestrial Time Time zone 180th meridian
Obsolete standards	Ephemeris time Greenwich Mean Time Prime meridian
Time in physics	Absolute space and time Spacetime Chronon Continuous signal Coordinate time Cosmological decade Discrete time and continuous time Proper time Theory of relativity Time dilation Gravitational time dilation Time domain Time-translation symmetry T-symmetry
Horology	Clock Astrarium Atomic clock Complication History of timekeeping devices Hourglass Marine chronometer Marine sandglass Radio clock Watch stopwatch Water clock Sundial Dialing scales Equation of time History of sundials Sundial markup schema
Calendar	Gregorian Hebrew Hindu Holocene Islamic (lunar Hijri) Julian Solar Hijri Astronomical Dominical letter Epact Equinox Intercalation Julian day Leap year Lunar Lunisolar Solar Solstice Tropical year Weekday determination Weekday names
Archaeology and geology	Chronological dating Geologic time scale International Commission on Stratigraphy
Astronomical chronology	Galactic year Nuclear timescale Precession Sidereal time
Other units of time	Instant Flick Shake Jiffy Second Minute Moment Hour Day Week Fortnight Month Year Olympiad Lustrum Decade Century Saeculum Millennium
Related topics	Chronology Duration music Mental chronometry Decimal time Metric time System time Time metrology Time value of money Timekeeper

v t e Christiaan Huygens
Published works	Theoremata de Quadratura Hyperboles, Ellipsis et Circuli (1651) De Circuli Magnitudine Inventa (1654) De Ratiociniis in Ludo Aleae (1657) Systema Saturnium (1659) Horologium Oscillatorium (1673) Traité de la Lumiére (1692) Cosmotheoros (1698)
Discoveries and inventions	Huygens' law of the pendulum Huygens' lemniscate Huygens-Fresnel principle Huygens' tritone Huygens–Steiner theorem
Recognitions	2801 Huygens Cassini–Huygens Huygens probe Mons Huygens MS Christiaan Huygens Huygens (crater) Huygens-Fokker Foundation Huygens Gap Huygens Ringlet Horologium (constellation) Prix Descartes-Huygens
Related people	Huygens family Galileo Galilei René Descartes Salomon Coster Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Baruch Spinoza Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Isaac Newton Robert Hooke Denis Papin Augustin-Jean Fresnel Thomas Young
Wikiquote Wikisource texts

• Horology
• Timekeeping