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Revision as of 17:34, 30 March 2022 editSinucep (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users872 edits Changing short description from "Microorganisms hypothesized to produce mental health effects when consumed" to "Microorganisms giving mental health effects" (Shortdesc helper)← Previous edit Revision as of 13:51, 20 July 2022 edit undoDrAttendoloSforza (talk | contribs)124 editsm added updated information / nuanced info in introduction referring to 2020 study "Psychobiotics: Mechanisms of Action, Evaluation Methods and Effectiveness in Applications with Food Products" https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fnu12123896Tag: Visual editNext edit →
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{{medref|date=December 2018}} {{medref|date=December 2018}}


'''Psychobiotics''' is a term used in preliminary research to refer to ] that, when ingested in appropriate amounts, might confer a ] benefit by affecting ] of the host organism.<ref name="Sarkar_2016" /> Whether bacteria might play a role in the ] is under research. However, as of 2018, there is a lack of ] testing the effects of living, ingested bacterial strains on clear mental health outcomes, and those that have been done provide inconclusive results when viewed in aggregate.<ref name="romijn">{{cite journal | vauthors = Romijn AR, Rucklidge JJ | title = Systematic review of evidence to support the theory of psychobiotics | journal = Nutrition Reviews | volume = 73 | issue = 10 | pages = 675–93 | date = October 2015 | pmid = 26370263 | doi = 10.1093/nutrit/nuv025 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="lin">{{cite journal | vauthors = Liu B, He Y, Wang M, Liu J, Ju Y, Zhang Y, Liu T, Li L, Li Q | title = Efficacy of probiotics on anxiety-A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | journal = Depression and Anxiety | volume = 35 | issue = 10 | pages = 935–45 | date = July 2018 | pmid = 29995348 | doi = 10.1002/da.22811| s2cid = 51615532 }}</ref> '''Psychobiotics''' is a term used in preliminary research to refer to ] that, when ingested in appropriate amounts, might confer a ] benefit by affecting ] of the host organism.<ref name="Sarkar_2016" /> Whether bacteria might play a role in the ] is under research. A 2020 literature review suggests that the consumption of psychobiotics could be considered as a viable option to restore mental health <ref>{{Cite web |title=Psychobiotics: Mechanisms of Action, Evaluation Methods and Effectiveness in Applications with Food Products |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767237/ |website=ncbi |doi=10.3390/nu12123896}}</ref> although lacking ] on clear mental health outcomes in humans.<ref name="romijn">{{cite journal | vauthors = Romijn AR, Rucklidge JJ | title = Systematic review of evidence to support the theory of psychobiotics | journal = Nutrition Reviews | volume = 73 | issue = 10 | pages = 675–93 | date = October 2015 | pmid = 26370263 | doi = 10.1093/nutrit/nuv025 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="lin">{{cite journal | vauthors = Liu B, He Y, Wang M, Liu J, Ju Y, Zhang Y, Liu T, Li L, Li Q | title = Efficacy of probiotics on anxiety-A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | journal = Depression and Anxiety | volume = 35 | issue = 10 | pages = 935–45 | date = July 2018 | pmid = 29995348 | doi = 10.1002/da.22811| s2cid = 51615532 }}</ref>


== Types == == Types ==

Revision as of 13:51, 20 July 2022

Microorganisms giving mental health effects
This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Psychobiotic" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2018)

Psychobiotics is a term used in preliminary research to refer to live bacteria that, when ingested in appropriate amounts, might confer a mental health benefit by affecting microbiota of the host organism. Whether bacteria might play a role in the gut-brain axis is under research. A 2020 literature review suggests that the consumption of psychobiotics could be considered as a viable option to restore mental health although lacking randomized controlled trials on clear mental health outcomes in humans.

Types

Fructans

In experimental probiotic psychobiotics, the bacteria most commonly used are gram-positive bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus families, as these do not contain lipopolysaccharide chains, reducing the likelihood of an immunological response. Prebiotics are substances, such as fructans and oligosaccharides, that induce the growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms, such as bacteria on being fermented in the gut. Multiple bacterial species contained in a single probiotic broth is known as a polybiotic.

Research

A 2021 review showed that treating anxiety in young people with psychobiotics had no significant effect. There is a need for more diverse human studies, mainly because those that exist have contradictory outcomes.

Species

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Several species of bacteria have been used in probiotic psychobiotic research:

References

  1. ^ Sarkar A, Lehto SM, Harty S, Dinan TG, Cryan JF, Burnet PW (November 2016). "Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria-Gut-Brain Signals". Trends in Neurosciences. 39 (11): 763–81. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002. PMC 5102282. PMID 27793434.
  2. "Psychobiotics: Mechanisms of Action, Evaluation Methods and Effectiveness in Applications with Food Products". ncbi. doi:10.3390/nu12123896.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  3. ^ Romijn AR, Rucklidge JJ (October 2015). "Systematic review of evidence to support the theory of psychobiotics". Nutrition Reviews. 73 (10): 675–93. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuv025. PMID 26370263.
  4. ^ Liu B, He Y, Wang M, Liu J, Ju Y, Zhang Y, Liu T, Li L, Li Q (July 2018). "Efficacy of probiotics on anxiety-A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Depression and Anxiety. 35 (10): 935–45. doi:10.1002/da.22811. PMID 29995348. S2CID 51615532.
  5. Hutkins RW, Krumbeck JA, Bindels LB, Cani PD, Fahey G, Goh YJ, Hamaker B, Martens EC, Mills DA, Rastal RA, Vaughan E, Sanders ME (February 2016). "Prebiotics: why definitions matter". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 37: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2015.09.001. PMC 4744122. PMID 26431716.
  6. ^ Bambury A, Sandhu K, Cryan JF, Dinan TG (December 2018). "Finding the needle in the haystack: systematic identification of psychobiotics". British Journal of Pharmacology. 175 (24): 4430–38. doi:10.1111/bph.14127. PMC 6255950. PMID 29243233.
  7. ^ Cohen Kadosh, Kathrin; Basso, Melissa; Knytl, Paul; Johnstone, Nicola; Lau, Jennifer Y. F.; Gibson, Glenn R. (2021-06-16). "Psychobiotic interventions for anxiety in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis, with youth consultation". Translational Psychiatry. 11 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01422-7. ISSN 2158-3188. PMC 8206413. PMID 34131108.
  8. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF (November 2013). "Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic". Biological Psychiatry. 74 (10): 720–26. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.001. PMID 23759244. S2CID 40059439.
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