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| '''Pan-Indian film''' refers to an ] that crosses over its multi linguistic, multi cultural and multi ethnic backgrounds and barriers, appealing to a large number of audiences.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |last=Mehrotra |first=Suchin |date=19 September 2019 |title=What Does It Take To Make A Pan-India Movie? |work=]}}</ref> "Pan-Indian" refers to simultaneous releases in multiple languages like ], ], ], ], ] with an aim to maximise the screenings all over the globe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 April 2021 |title='Pan-India' films make a comeback |url=https://telanganatoday.com/pan-india-films-make-a-comeback |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827060331/https://telanganatoday.com/pan-india-films-make-a-comeback |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=Telangana Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hrishikesh |first=Sharanya |last2=Sebastian |first2=Meryl |date=20 April 2022 |title=KGF 2, RRR, Pushpa: The southern Indian films winning on Bollywood's turf |work=] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61118482 |url-status=live |access-date=22 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422210932/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61118482 |archive-date=22 April 2022}}</ref> | '''Pan-Indian film''' refers to an ] that crosses over its multi linguistic, multi cultural and multi ethnic backgrounds and barriers, appealing to a large number of audiences.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |last=Mehrotra |first=Suchin |date=19 September 2019 |title=What Does It Take To Make A Pan-India Movie? |work=]}}</ref> "Pan-Indian" refers to simultaneous releases in multiple languages like ], ], ], ], ] with an aim to maximise the screenings all over the globe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 April 2021 |title='Pan-India' films make a comeback |url=https://telanganatoday.com/pan-india-films-make-a-comeback |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827060331/https://telanganatoday.com/pan-india-films-make-a-comeback |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=Telangana Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hrishikesh |first=Sharanya |last2=Sebastian |first2=Meryl |date=20 April 2022 |title=KGF 2, RRR, Pushpa: The southern Indian films winning on Bollywood's turf |work=] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61118482 |url-status=live |access-date=22 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422210932/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61118482 |archive-date=22 April 2022}}</ref> | ||
| == Background == | |||
| ], ] and the rest of the crew at the filming of '']'' series in the United States]] | |||
| '']'' had the widest release all over India up to that time, and patrons often queued all day for tickets. Released on 5 August 1960, it broke box office records in India and became the ] of all time at that point in time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Before Baahubali, RRR, KGF 2, check out Mughal-E-Azam, Chandralekha, Hindustani and more movies that dominated the entire country without the 'Pan India' tag |url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/photos/before-baahubali-rrr-kgf-2-check-out-mughal-e-azam-chandralekha-hindustani-and-more-movies-that-dominated-the-entire-country-without-the-pan-india-tag-bollywood-and-entertainment-news-2051908/ |website=www.bollywoodlife.com}}</ref><ref name="premiere">{{Cite magazine |last=Parthasarathy, Anand |date=6–19 November 2004 |title=The colour of profit |url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2123/stories/20041119002309100.htm |url-status=dead |magazine=] |volume=21 |issue=23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061021130052/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2123/stories/20041119002309100.htm |archive-date=21 October 2006 |access-date=26 June 2012}}</ref> The 1975 ] film '']'' when first released, received negative critical reviews and a tepid commercial response, but favourable word-of-mouth publicity helped it to become a box office success. It broke records for continuous showings in many theatres across India, and ran for more than five years at Mumbai's Minerva theatre. The film was also an ] in the ]. ''Sholay'' topped the ]'s "Top 10 Indian Films" ] poll of 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2002 |title=Top 10 Indian Films |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/features/imagineasia/guide/poll/india |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515101729/http://www.bfi.org.uk/features/imagineasia/guide/poll/india/ |archive-date=15 May 2011 |access-date=14 June 2012 |work=]}}</ref> It was also included in the '']'' magazine{{'}}s Best film list in 2010.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Corliss |first=Richard |date=27 October 2010 |title=Sholay – 1975 – Best of Bollywood |url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2022076_2022067_2022045,00.html |url-status=live |magazine=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828050259/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0%2C28804%2C2022076_2022067_2022045%2C00.html |archive-date=28 August 2013 |access-date=30 July 2012}}</ref> | |||
| '']'' was the first Indian 3D Fantasy film released in 1984 along with dubbed versions in Tamil, Telugu and Hindi. The Telugu and Hindi versions were titled ''Chinnari Chethana'' and ''Chhota Chetan'' respectively. All the versions proved to be successful across India.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 May 2000 |title='Chota' dose of fun |work=] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/2000/05/08/stories/09080222.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=14 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114162506/https://www.thehindu.com/2000/05/08/stories/09080222.htm |archive-date=14 November 2018 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 1997 |title=My Dear Kuttichathan |url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/movies/my-dear-kuttichathan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203193113/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/movies/my-dear-kuttichathan/ |archive-date=3 December 2017 |access-date=14 November 2018 |website=Bollywood Life}}</ref> During late 1990s, ] directed and presented pan-Indian Terrorism trilogy consisting of '']'' (1992), '']'' (1995), and '']'' (1998), the latter became the first Indian film to enter the top 10 in the United Kingdom box office charts, earning £537,930.<ref name="Aftab">{{Cite journal |last=Aftab |first=Kaleem |date=October 2002 |title=Brown: the new black! Bollywood in Britain |journal=Critical Quarterly |publisher=Blackwell Synergy |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=88–98 |doi=10.1111/1467-8705.00435 |quote=The first Bollywood film to enter the UK top 10, ''Dil Se / Uyire'' was nevertheless a Average in India. Such factors attest to the crucial role of the ] audience in the commercial fate of Bollywood produce.}}</ref> | |||
| During early 2000s, ] directed and presented pan-Indian works casting actors across the country, such as the ], and the ]; film critic Rajeev Masand had labelled the latter series as one of the "most influential movies of Indian cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Masand's Verdict: ''Contract'', mangled mess of ''Satya'', ''Company'' |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/masands-verdict-contract-mangled-mess-of-satya-company/69135-8.html |website=CNN-News18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Behind The Scenes – Rachel Dwyer – May 30, 2005 |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?227527 |website=outlookindia.com}}</ref><ref name="The Sunday Tribune – Spectrum">{{Cite web |title=The Sunday Tribune – Spectrum |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071216/spectrum/main11.htm |website=tribuneindia.com}}</ref> The first installment of the trilogy, ], was also listed in ]'s 100 greatest ] of all time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200.html |website=IBNLive}}</ref> | |||
| '']'' (2013) was remade into four other Indian languages: '']'' (2014) in ], '']'' (2014) in ], '']'' (2015) in ] and '']'' (2015) in ]. It was also remade in ] language as '']'' (2017) and in ] as '']'' (2019) thereby becoming the first Indian film to be remade in ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 January 2020 |title=Wu Sha: The Chinese remake of Mohanlal starrer Drishyam is minting moolah |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/mohanlal-drishyam-chinese-remake-box-office-6228054/ |website=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1438519432154730500 |user=antonypbvr |title=ഇൻഡോനേഷ്യൻ ഭാഷയിലേക്ക് റീമേക്ക് ചെയ്യുന്ന ആദ്യ മലയാള ചിത്രമായി 'ദൃശ്യം' മാറിയ വിവരം സന്തോഷപൂർവം അറിയിക്കുന്നു. ജ… |date=16 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="The Times of India">{{Cite news |title=Mohanlal's 'Drishyam' to be remade in Indonesian |work=] |url=https://m.timesofindia.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/big-update-mohanlal-jeethu-josephs-drishyam-to-get-an-indonesian-remake/articleshow/86284816.cms}}</ref> Drishyam had a 100-day theatrical run across multiplexes in ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stunning 'Drishyam' completes an emphatic hundred |url=http://www.metromatinee.com/news-articles/stunning-drishyam-completes-an-emphatic-hundred-8083 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424125759/http://www.metromatinee.com/news-articles/stunning-drishyam-completes-an-emphatic-hundred-8083 |archive-date=24 April 2014 |access-date=23 April 2014 |work=Metromatinee |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The biggest sensation in recent times reaches its 100 |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-14/drishyam-completes-a-grand-100-days-today.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330184536/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-14/drishyam-completes-a-grand-100-days-today.html |archive-date=30 March 2014 |access-date=23 April 2014 |work=Behindwoods |df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
| Since 2010s, dubbing and telecasting of ] (primarily Telugu and Tamil) in Hindi became a regular practice by which films from ] and ] gained popularity nationwide. Majority of the films were dubbed after few weeks or months of the original version release.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prem |title=Top 30 South Indian Movies Dubbed in Hindi |url=http://filmtimes.in/news/best-of-entertainment/top-30-south-indian-movies-dubbed-in-hindi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202627/http://filmtimes.in/news/best-of-entertainment/top-30-south-indian-movies-dubbed-in-hindi/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=FilmTimes}}</ref> Similarly, Hindi films were frequently dubbed in Telugu and Tamil languages, but didn't gain as much popularity as Telugu/Tamil films received, except a few (] (2016), '']'' (2016), etc.).<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2016 |title=MS Dhoni biopic to release in 4,500 screens across 60 countries |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ms-dhoni-biopic-to-release-in-4500-screens-across-60-countries-3049379/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216141441/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ms-dhoni-biopic-to-release-in-4500-screens-across-60-countries-3049379/ |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=16 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> Over time, Kannada and Malayalam films were also being dubbed. | |||
| == Growth == | |||
| {{Quote box | |||
| | width = 30% | |||
| | align = right | |||
| | quote="A pan-Indian film does not mean that actors from different languages come together. That's all part of it. A pan-Indian film means a story and emotion that connects to everyone irrespective of the language. While creating a story, I think 'If I switch off this dialogue portion, will the audience still connect to my movie?' Many times, the answer is a yes." | |||
| | source = — ], the maker of '']'' franchise<ref name="Hans">{{Cite web |title=When pan India movies, stars and shows ruled |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/when-pan-india-movies-stars-and-shows-ruled-722677 |access-date=14 May 2022 |work=The Hans India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Inside the mind of SS Rajamouli: Decoding how the RRR director lends scale to his storytelling |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/inside-the-mind-of-ss-rajamouli-decoding-how-the-rrr-director-lends-scale-to-his-storytelling-10501081.html |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=Firstpost}}</ref> | |||
| }} | |||
| ], ], ], director S. Shankar, producer ] and music director ]]] | |||
| Two Telugu films '']'' (2015) and '']'' (2017), directed by ] changed the face of Indian cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Baahubali changed the face of Telugu cinema worldwide |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/baahubali-telugu-cinema-abroad-1210757-2018-04-12 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203217/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/baahubali-telugu-cinema-abroad-1210757-2018-04-12 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=India Today}}</ref> The film was released in various languages across the world. Filmmakers started a new film movement, that is, rather than remaking the same film in various languages, they are dubbing the same film in various languages.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Manoj |last2=Kumar |first2=Gabbeta Ranjith |date=11 July 2020 |title=Baahubali turns 5: How SS Rajamouli's film changed Indian cinema forever |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/baahubali-ss-rajamouli-changed-indian-cinema-forever-6498173/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017184956/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/baahubali-ss-rajamouli-changed-indian-cinema-forever-6498173/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=17 October 2021 |website=]}}</ref> Srivatsan S of '']'' wrote that Telugu cinema has excelled in marketing Pan-Indian films. It primarily employed two strategies – promoting the film outside their home territory and collaborating with other regional stars for more visibility.<ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Srivatsan |date=7 January 2022 |title=The 'pan-Indian' strategy of Telugu cinema |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-pan-indian-strategy-of-telugu-cinema/article38163523.ece |url-status=live |access-date=10 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110140529/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-pan-indian-strategy-of-telugu-cinema/article38163523.ece |archive-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> | |||
| Kannada film '']'' (2018) directed by ] also released in five languages, thereby becoming the first major Pan-Indian film from ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hooli |first=Shekhar H. |date=21 December 2018 |title=KGF movie review: This is what Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam audience say about Yash starrer |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/kgf-chapter-1-movie-review-rating-by-non-kannada-viewers-live-updates-788451 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113142326/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/kgf-chapter-1-movie-review-rating-by-non-kannada-viewers-live-updates-788451 |archive-date=13 November 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=ibtimes.co.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KGF to be amultilingual, will release in five languages |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/kgf-to-be-amultilingual-will-release-in-five-languages/articleshow/60257321.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626150038/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/kgf-to-be-amultilingual-will-release-in-five-languages/articleshow/60257321.cms |archive-date=26 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> Success of other films like ] (2018), '']'' (2019), '']'' (2019) made Pan-Indian films widespread to other major Indian film industries.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nanisetti |first=Serish |date=2 October 2019 |title=Chiranjeevi's 'Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy' hits screens amid noisy welcome by fans |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/chirus-movie-hits-screens-amid-noisy-welcome-by-fans/article29577285.ece |url-status=live |access-date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108144222/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/chirus-movie-hits-screens-amid-noisy-welcome-by-fans/article29577285.ece |archive-date=8 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2.0 All India Update – Crosses 400 Crore NETT |url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=4533 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225173636/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=4533 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=Box Office India}}</ref> '']'' (2021) is the first major Pan-Indian film from ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=To be history, the Maraikas; Released in more than 50 countries : Cinema News |url=https://www.deepika.com/cinema/CinemaNews.aspx?Marakkar_film_release&ID=4343 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203837/https://www.deepika.com/cinema/CinemaNews.aspx?Marakkar_film_release&ID=4343 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=deepika.com}}</ref> | |||
| Following the success of the Telugu films '']'' (2021) and ] (2022), Rahul Devulapalli of ] identified "Content, marketing, indulgent overseas audience" have led to the rise of pan-Indian films from Telugu cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2022 |title=Here's Telugu cinema's formula for pan-India success |url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/leisure/2022/05/27/Heres-telugu-cinemas-formula-for-pan-india-success.html |website=The Week}}</ref> | |||
| Pan-Indian films also employ actors from different language industry to increase their visibility and bring a universal appeal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pecheti |first=Prakash |date=17 June 2021 |title=New mantra for pan-India stories |url=https://telanganatoday.com/new-mantra-for-pan-india-stories |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829070421/https://telanganatoday.com/new-mantra-for-pan-india-stories |archive-date=29 August 2021 |access-date=29 August 2021 |website=Telangana Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=31 December 2021 |title=Allu Arjun, Tovino Thomas, Fahadh Faasil added southern spice to Indian cinematic fare in 2021 |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/allu-arjun-tovino-thomas-fahadh-faasil-dhanush-added-southern-spice-to-indian-cinematic-fare-in-2021/articleshow/88604867.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110072758/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/allu-arjun-tovino-thomas-fahadh-faasil-dhanush-added-southern-spice-to-indian-cinematic-fare-in-2021/articleshow/88604867.cms |archive-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> In an interview with '']'', filmmaker ] said: "Pan-India is a phenomenon we cannot diminish or dilute."<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2022 |title=Allu Arjun’s Pushpa shows Telugu films have pan-India audience. Step aside, Bollywood |url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/allu-arjuns-pushpa-shows-telugu-films-have-pan-india-audience-step-aside-bollywood/804794/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208185115/https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/allu-arjuns-pushpa-shows-telugu-films-have-pan-india-audience-step-aside-bollywood/804794/ |archive-date=8 February 2022 |access-date=8 February 2022 |website=ThePrint}}</ref> | |||
| == Criticism == | == Criticism == | ||
Revision as of 14:46, 26 July 2022
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Pan-Indian film refers to an Indian film that crosses over its multi linguistic, multi cultural and multi ethnic backgrounds and barriers, appealing to a large number of audiences. "Pan-Indian" refers to simultaneous releases in multiple languages like Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Hindi with an aim to maximise the screenings all over the globe.
Criticism
In an interview with Deadline Hollywood, actor N. T. Rama Rao Jr. expressed his disapproval for the term: "I hate referring to it as 'pan-Indian', it sounds like a frying pan. We just mean it is a film that can travel into all the Indian languages". Speaking with PTI, Dulquer Salmaan said: "The word pan-India really irks me. I just don't like hearing it. I love that there is so much exchange of talent happening in cinema, it's great, but we are one country. I don't think anyone says pan-America." Prabhas, who played the protagonist of Baahubali series, opined that the industry should make "Indian" films instead of "pan-Indian" films. Actor Siddharth echoed the same. He felt the term pan-Indian was a "very disrespectful word" as its use was limited to non-Hindi films. Writer-actor Adivi Sesh felt that "the word is somewhat abused," and used like a euphemism for dubbed film.
Tracking portal Box Office India stated that the term "pan India" means nothing in Hindi film circuits and it is only Hollywood films that cater to all of India. Bharti Dubey and Hemachandra Ethamukkala of The Times of India stated that the pan-Indian films have mostly been action films and criticised the perceived violence in such films.
Notable films since 2015
| Year | Film | Director | Original language(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Baahubali: The Beginning | S. S. Rajamouli | Telugu, Tamil | |
| 2017 | Baahubali 2: The Conclusion | S. S. Rajamouli | Telugu, Tamil | |
| 2018 | 2.0 | S. Shankar | Tamil | |
| K.G.F: Chapter 1 | Prashanth Neel | Kannada | ||
| 2019 | Saaho | Sujeeth | Telugu, Hindi, Tamil | |
| 2021 | Pushpa: The Rise | Sukumar | Telugu | |
| 2022 | Radhe Shyam | Radha Krishna Kumar | Telugu, Hindi | |
| RRR | S. S. Rajamouli | Telugu | ||
| Major | Sashi Kiran Tikka | Telugu, Hindi | ||
| K.G.F: Chapter 2 | Prashanth Neel | Kannada | ||
| Brahmāstra Part One: Shiva | Ayan Mukerji | Hindi | ||
| 2023 | Adipurush † | Om Raut | Telugu, Hindi | |
| Salaar † | Prashanth Neel | Telugu, Kannada |
See also
References
- Mehrotra, Suchin (19 September 2019). "What Does It Take To Make A Pan-India Movie?". Film Companion.
- "'Pan-India' films make a comeback". Telangana Today. 17 April 2021. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
- Hrishikesh, Sharanya; Sebastian, Meryl (20 April 2022). "KGF 2, RRR, Pushpa: The southern Indian films winning on Bollywood's turf". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
- Grater, Tom (12 May 2021). "'RRR' Star Jr NTR Gives First Interview About Mega-Budget Action Pic From 'Baahubali' Director S.S. Rajamouli". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- "Dulquer Salmaan: You can't engineer a pan-India film". The Times of India. PTI. 19 March 2022. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- Rajaraman, Kaushik (7 March 2022). "How about making Indian films rather than pan-Indian ones?". DT Next. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- "Drop use of 'pan Indian,' just call it an Indian film: Actor Siddharth". The News Minute. 1 May 2022. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
- "Major actor Adivi Sesh on pan-India movies: The word is somewhat abused, sounds like an euphemism for dubbed film". The Indian Express. 2022-06-02.
- "Pushpa (Hindi) Shows Growth On The Second Day". Box Office India. 19 December 2021. Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
- "#BigStory: Are pan-India films promoting too much violence?". The Times of India. 23 April 2022. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
- "Rise of the pan-Indian film, from Rajamouli's RRR to Vijay Devarakonda's Liger". News9live. 20 October 2021. Archived from the original on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
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