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People Power Party 국민의힘
President of South Korea	Yoon Suk-yeol
Leader	Lee Jun-seok, (suspended until 8 Jan 2023) Kweon Seong-dong (acting)
House Leader	Kweon Seong-dong
Secretary-General	Han Ki-ho
Chair of the Policy Planning Committee	Yu Eui-dong
Founded	17 February 2020 (as the United Future Party) 2 September 2020 (as the People Power Party)
Merger of	Liberty Korea Party New Conservative Party Onward for Future 4.0
Preceded by	Liberty Korea Party New Conservative Party Onward for Future 4.0 Future Korea Party People Party and other minor parties
Headquarters	12, Gukhoe-Daero 74 Street, Yeoido-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea
Think tank	Yeouido Institute
Student wing	PPP Central College Committee
Youth wing	Youth People Power Party
Women's wing	PPP Central Women's Committee
Membership (2020)	3,475,372
Ideology	Majority:  • Conservatism  • Social conservatism  • Economic liberalism Factions:  • Right-wing populism
Political position	Right-wing
Regional affiliation	Asia Pacific Democrat Union
International affiliation	International Democrat Union
Colours	Red (main)   Blue   White   Pink (United Future Party)
Seats in the National Assembly	116 / 300
Metropolitan Mayors and Governors	12 / 17
Municipal Mayors	145 / 226
Provincial and Metropolitan Councillors	540 / 824
Municipal Councillors	1,435 / 2,927
Party flag
Website
www.peoplepowerparty.kr
Politics of South Korea Political parties Elections

The People Power Party (Korean: 국민의힘; Hanja: 國民의힘; RR: Gukminuihim; lit. Power of Nationals, PPP), formerly known as the United Future Party (Korean: 미래통합당; Hanja: 未來統合黨; RR: Miraetonghapdang; lit. Future United Party), is a conservative political party in South Korea. Controlling the South Korean presidency, it is the second largest party in the National Assembly. PPP, along with its historic rival, the Democratic Party, make up the two largest political parties in South Korea.

The party was formed on 17 February 2020 by the merger of the Liberty Korea Party, New Conservative Party, and Onward for Future 4.0, as well as several minor parties and political organizations.

History

This article is part of a series on
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Background

Due to the political scandal in 2016, President Park Geun-hye was impeached, and several MPs quit the then-ruling Saenuri Party to form the Bareun Party. The Saenuri Party changed its name to the Liberty Korea Party (LKP), but following the final impeachment of Park on 10 March 2017, it de jure lost its ruling party position. After the Democratic presidential candidate Moon Jae-in was elected on 9 May, the LKP officially became the main opposition.

Although several Bareun MPs returned to the LKP, the LKP did not recover its support, losing ground in the 2018 local elections. Its president, Hong Jun-pyo, immediately resigned to take responsibility for the serious defeat. The Bareun Party, which had merged with the smaller centrist People's Party to form the Bareunmirae Party, also faced a defeat in the local elections.

The two conservative parties held snap leadership elections. On 2 September 2018, the Bareunmirae Party elected Sohn Hak-kyu as its new president. On 27 February 2019, the Liberty Korea Party elected former Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn as its new leader. Lee Un-ju, a Bareunmirae MP, quit her party and was widely expected to join the LKP but formed a new party named Onward for Future 4.0. With the exit of the Bareunmirae Party's President Sohn, other former Bareun MPs faced conflicts and founded the New Conservative Party. As a "conservative union", the Liberty Korea Party, Onward for Future 4.0, and the New Conservative Party agreed to merge and establish a new party.

The new party's name was initially set as the Grand Unified New Party (Korean: 대통합신당), but soon changed to United Future Party (Korean: 미래통합당). Park Hyung-joon, who led the merger and re-foundation, explained that the name shows support for youths and political solidarity.

Founding congress

Following the merger and re-foundation of the 3 conservative parties into the United Future Party (UFP) on 17 February 2020, it elected the Liberty Korea Party's President Hwang Kyo-ahn as the new president. Though much of the UFP's leadership resembles that of the LKP, Vice-presidents Won Hee-ryong and Kim Yŏng-hwan are not from the LKP.

The President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in and the Democratic Party Leader Lee Hae-chan congratulated the new party's founding, but the move was not welcomed by other members. Some sources reported that the party is planning to file a lawsuit against Moon.

Yoo Seong-min, the former Bareunmirae president, did not attend the founding congress. Yoo Young-ha, who is in support of Park Geun-hye, exited the LKP before the formation of the new party.

2020–2021

The party contested as an alliance with its sister satellite party, the Future Korea Party (FKP), in the 2020 elections. However, some UFP candidates provoked controversies for defamatory remarks, such as Cha Myong-jin and Kim Dae-ho.

The party was defeated in the election with some of the worst results historically for a conservative party in South Korea. The UFP won 103 out of 300 seats in the National Assembly, slightly over one-third of the seats. The party lost several key figures, including Oh Se-hoon, Na Kyung-won, Shim Jae-chul, and Kim Jin-tae. Party Leader Hwang Kyo-ahn, who contested for Jongno, was defeated by former Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon. Hwang announced that he would stand down as the party president.

Following Hwang's resignation, it was reported that the party would temporarily establish the Emergency Planning Committee, led by Kim Chong-in. Several members, such as Kim Young-woo, disagreed with the establishment of the committee. Hong Jun-pyo, who showed an intention to return to the UFP, also opposed the proposal and revealed Kim's past corruption allegations.

On 8 May, Joo Ho-young was elected the UFP's Floor Leader, automatically becoming the party's interim Leader. On 22 May, the party held an election to nominate Kim Chong-in as the interim President until the next by-elections on 7 April 2021, which he accepted. The same day, the FKP announced its merger by 29 May. On 28 May, both the UFP and FKP officially declared their merger as the unified UFP.

On 13 August, Realmeter had revealed an opinion poll showing that the party has gained more supporters than the ruling Democratic Party (UFP: 36.5%–DP: 33.4%). This was the first time that a conservative party gained more support than a liberal party since the political scandal of former President Park Geun-hye in October 2016.

On 31 August, the party decided to change its name to the People Power (Korean: 국민의힘; the "Party" was added later). The party requested that the name be changed to the National Election Commission. It has been argued that the new proposed name was similar to the minor centrist People Party of Ahn Cheol-soo. There are speculations that the party is willing to form an electoral alliance with the minor opposition party in the 2021 by-elections. Jung Chung-rae, an MP of the Democratic Party, criticised the name for being too similar to a civic organisation established in 2003, where he used to serve as its first co-president.

On 2 September, the party officially changed its name to the People Power Party, its current name. The PPP declared that it would be a centrist and pragmatic party. On 14 September, the party revealed its logo and its 3 colours—red, yellow, and blue, based on its temporary decisions. These colours were officially confirmed on 23 September, although yellow was replaced with white.

On 17 September, Kwon Sung-dong, the MP for Gangneung, officially returned to the PPP, leading the party to have 104 seats. He left the party before the 2020 elections, where he ran as an independent candidate. The PPP's total seats were reverted to 103 after Park Duk-hyum, the MP for Boeun-Okcheon-Yeongdong-Goesan, quit the party on 23 September following corruption allegations. He denied all allegations related to him and his family.

On 22 December, Jeon Bong-min, the MP for Suyeong, quit the party following corruption allegations against himself and his father.

On 7 January 2021, Kim Byong-wook, the MP for Pohang South-Ulleung, withdrew from the PPP due to a controversy related to sexual harassment. The same day, Kim Tae-ho, the former Governor of South Gyeongsang and the incumbent MP for Sancheong-Hamyang-Geochang-Hapcheon, officially rejoined the party.

2021 by-elections

Before the 2021 by-elections, the party elected the former Mayor of Seoul Oh Se-hoon as its Seoul mayoral candidate, as well as the former MP for Suyeong, Park Hyung-joon as its Busan mayoral candidate on 4 March 2021.

In the by-elections on 7 April, the party achieved an outright victory despite the government's low popularity, where both Oh and Park were elected by a large margin. Oh Se-hoon, who formerly stepped down as the Mayor of Seoul in 2011, defeated the Democratic candidate Park Young-sun and successfully came back to the position. Park Hyung-joon also defeated the Democratic candidate Kim Young-choon and was elected the Mayor of Busan, despite his several controversies, such as Haeundae LCT The Sharp. The same day, the MP for Gimcheon Song Eon-seog, faced public backlashes after it was reported that he was swearing and assaulting office workers. He quit the party on 14 April.

In opposition (2021–2022)

On 8 April 2021, Joo Ho-young returned as the interim President of the party. He announced his intention to resign as the parliamentary leader on 16 April, adding that he would not serve until his term finishes on 29 May, but instead, until a new person is elected. The same day, the party declared that they will continue the processes to merge the minor People Party.

On 30 April, the former Mayor of Ulsan Kim Gi-hyeon was elected the new parliamentary leader of the party, defeating Kim Tae-heum, Kweon Seong-dong, and Yu Eui-dong. He served as the acting party President until the leadership election that was held on 11 June.

On 21 May, Kim Byong-wook, who quit the party in January following a sexual harassment controversy, officially returned to the PPP.

On 11 June, Lee Jun-seok was elected the new President of the party, defeating Na Kyung-won and others.

On 24 June, the party approved an independent MP Hong Jun-pyo's bid to rejoin.

On 15 July, Choi Jae-hyung, one of the potential candidate for the 2022 presidential election, officially joined the party.

On 30 July, the former Prosecutor General Yoon Suk-yeol, who was also the most favourable candidate for the 2020 presidential election, officially joined the party.

On 5 August, Yoon Sang-hyun, the MP for Incheon East-Michuhol 2nd, rejoined the party, and therefore all 4 PPP-friendly independent MPs successfully returned.

2022 presidential election and by-elections

On 5 November 2021, Yoon Suk-yeol won PPP presidential primary, defeating Hong Jun-pyo.

In the presidential election on 9 March, Yoon was elected President of South Korea, defeating Lee Jae-myung by a margin of 0.73%. The party also won at the March 2022 by-elections that was held along with the presidential election, where the party regain 4 out of 5 constituencies. Although the party did not contest for Daegu Central-South, Lim Byung-hun, a pro-PPP independent candidate, was elected. This increased the total number of the PPP MPs, from 106 to 110.

On 8 April, Kweon Seong-dong was elected parliamentary leader of the People Power Party, defeating Cho Hae-jin.

On 18 April 2022, the minor People Party merged into the PPP.

Return to the government (since 2022)

Following Yoon's inauguration as the President on 9 May, the PPP faced the local elections in 1 June, which they achieved an outright victory.

Political positions

Economic policies

In the past, conservative political parties in South Korea also showed economic interventionism due to Park Chung-hee's influence. However, the current PPP has become more economically liberal, and the British journal The Economist described PPP as "fiscal conservative" in 'The World Head 2022'.

Social policies

The PPP has a socially conservative tendency and advocates sound budgeting, public safety, a focus on providing jobs, traditional family values, and national patriotism. Most PPP politicians oppose LGBT rights. Oh Se-hoon and other politicians, known as moderate conservatives, are also opposed to homosexuality.

Some media outlets criticized a part of the PPP's young politicians' negative attitude toward feminism.

PPP opposes DPK's policy of officially attempting to regulate dog meat consumption. Yang Joon-woo, a spokesman for PPP, criticized, "The state does not have the right to regulate individual tastes or eating habits".

The PPP is advocating for the abolishment of the "Korean age" and the standardization of age counting in South Korea. Lee Yong-ho, the chief of Yoon Suk-yeol 's transition committee, said the different age counting methods in the country creates "persistent confusion" and "unnecessary social and economic costs".

Leadership

Leaders

• Note: – as head of Emergency Response Committee

No.	Name	Photo	Term of office		Election results
			Took office	Left office
1	Hwang Kyo-ahn (resigned)		17 February 2020	15 April 2020	No election
—	Shim Jae-chul (acting)		16 April 2020	8 May 2020	Succeeded
—	Joo Ho-young (acting)		8 May 2020	22 May 2020	Succeeded
—	Kim Chong-in (ERC)		22 May 2020	8 April 2021	Appointed
—	Joo Ho-young (acting)		8 April 2021	30 April 2021	Succeeded
—	Kim Gi-hyeon (acting)		30 April 2021	11 June 2021	Succeeded
2	Lee Jun-seok		11 June 2021	Incumbent	2021 Lee Jun-seok – 43.81% Na Kyung-won – 37.13% Joo Ho-young – 14.02% Cho Kyoung-tae – 2.80% Hong Moon-pyo – 2.21%

Floor Leaders

No.	Name	Photo	Term of office
			Took office	Left office
1	Shim Jae-chul (resigned)		17 February 2020	8 May 2020
2	Joo Ho-young		8 May 2020	30 April 2021
3	Kim Gi-hyeon		30 April 2021	8 April 2022
4	Kweon Seong-dong		8 April 2022	Incumbent

Secretary-General

No.	Name	Photo	Term of office
			Took office	Left office
1	Park Wan-soo		17 February 2020	28 May 2020
2	Kim Seon-dong		28 May 2020	14 October 2020
3	Cheong Yang-seog		19 October 2020	11 June 2021
4	Han Ki-ho		17 June 2021	17 November 2021
5	Kweon Seong-dong		18 November 2021	5 January 2022
6	Kwon Young-se		6 January 2022	10 March 2022
7	Han Ki-ho		10 March 2022	Incumbent

Election results

Presidential elections

General elections

Election	leader	Constituency		Party list		Seats	+/–	Status
		Votes	%	Votes	%
2020	Hwang Kyo-ahn	11,915,277	41.4 (#2)	9,441,520	33.8 (#1)	103 / 300	19	Opposition

Local elections

By-elections

See also

• Angry young man (South Korea)
• Fiscal conservatism
• Democratic Republican Party (South Korea)
• Independent Democratic Union (Chile)

Notes

References

1. 國民力量, 国民の力 or other variants are translated names in Chinese and Japanese.

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v t e United Future Party (2020) / People Power Party (2020–present)
Leaders (acting)	Hwang Kyo-ahn Shim Jae-chul Joo Ho-young Kim Chong-in Joo Ho-young Kim Gi-hyeon Lee Jun-seok Kweon Seong-dong Joo Ho-young Kweon Seong-dong Chung Jin-suk Kim Gi-hyeon Yoon Jae-ok Han Dong-hoon Yoon Jae-ok Hwang Woo-yea Han Dong-hoon
Presidents Presidential candidates	Yoon Suk-yeol (2022)
Floor leaders	20th (2016) Shim Jae-chul 21st (2020) Joo Ho-young Kim Gi-hyeon Kweon Seong-dong Joo Ho-young Yoon Jae-ok 22nd (2024) Choo Kyung-ho
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