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	* ] – Toronto: Construction of the ] begins.		* ] – Toronto: Construction of the ] begins.
			* ] – A ] shakes the Chinese province of ] killing 2,200 people and injuring 2,700 others.
	* ] – A military insurrection in ] poses an institutional challenge to President ].		* ] – A military insurrection in ] poses an institutional challenge to President ].
	* ] – ] (]) is shot down by ]i ] over the ], after the passenger plane is suspected of being an enemy military plane. Only 5 (1 crew member and 4 passengers) of 113 survive.		* ] – ] (]) is shot down by ]i ] over the ], after the passenger plane is suspected of being an enemy military plane. Only 5 (1 crew member and 4 passengers) of 113 survive.

Revision as of 10:53, 4 September 2022

This article is about the year 1973. For other uses, see 1973 (disambiguation).

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1973: January; February; March; April; May; June; July; August; September; October; November; December

Calendar year

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	19th century 20th century 21st century
Decades:	1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
Years:	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

1973 by topic
Subject
Animation Archaeology Architecture Art Aviation Awards Comics Film Literature Poetry Meteorology Music Country Heavy metal Jazz Latin Rail transport Radio Science Spaceflight Sports Football Television American Belgian Brazilian British Scottish Canadian Danish Irish Italian Video games
By country
Afghanistan Argentina Australia Bangladesh Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Germany Greece India Ireland Iran Israel Japan Kuwait Luxembourg Malaysia Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Philippines Portugal Singapore South Africa South Korea Sweden Switzerland Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States
Lists of leaders
Sovereign states Sovereign state leaders Territorial governors Religious leaders Law
Birth and death categories
Births Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments Disestablishments
Works category
Works Introductions
v t e

1973 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1973 MCMLXXIII
Ab urbe condita	2726
Armenian calendar	1422 ԹՎ ՌՆԻԲ
Assyrian calendar	6723
Baháʼí calendar	129–130
Balinese saka calendar	1894–1895
Bengali calendar	1380
Berber calendar	2923
British Regnal year	21 Eliz. 2 – 22 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar	2517
Burmese calendar	1335
Byzantine calendar	7481–7482
Chinese calendar	壬子年 (Water Rat) 4670 or 4463 — to — 癸丑年 (Water Ox) 4671 or 4464
Coptic calendar	1689–1690
Discordian calendar	3139
Ethiopian calendar	1965–1966
Hebrew calendar	5733–5734
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	2029–2030
- Shaka Samvat	1894–1895
- Kali Yuga	5073–5074
Holocene calendar	11973
Igbo calendar	973–974
Iranian calendar	1351–1352
Islamic calendar	1392–1393
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 48 (昭和４８年)
Javanese calendar	1904–1905
Juche calendar	62
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4306
Minguo calendar	ROC 62 民國62年
Nanakshahi calendar	505
Thai solar calendar	2516
Tibetan calendar	阳水鼠年 (male Water-Rat) 2099 or 1718 or 946 — to — 阴水牛年 (female Water-Ox) 2100 or 1719 or 947
Unix time	94694400 – 126230399

1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1973rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 973rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 73rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1970s decade.

Calendar year

Events

January

Main article: January 1973

January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
January 17 – Ferdinand Marcos becomes President for Life of the Philippines.
January 20 – Richard Nixon is sworn in for a second term as President of the United States. Nixon is the only person to have been sworn in twice as President (1969, 1973) and Vice President of the United States (1953, 1957).
January 22
- George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the heavyweight world boxing championship.
- A Royal Jordanian Boeing 707 flight from Jeddah crashes in Kano, Nigeria; 176 people are killed.
January 23 – Eldfell on the Icelandic island of Heimaey erupts.
January 27 – U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War ends with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords.

February

Main article: February 1973

February 6 – Toronto: Construction of the CN Tower begins.
February 6 – A 7.6 earthquake shakes the Chinese province of Sichuan killing 2,200 people and injuring 2,700 others.
February 8 – A military insurrection in Uruguay poses an institutional challenge to President Juan María Bordaberry.
February 21 – Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 (Boeing 727) is shot down by Israeli fighter aircraft over the Sinai Desert, after the passenger plane is suspected of being an enemy military plane. Only 5 (1 crew member and 4 passengers) of 113 survive.
February 28 – The Republic of Ireland general election is held. Liam Cosgrave becomes the new Taoiseach.

March

Main article: March 1973

March 3 – Tottenham Hotspur wins the Football League Cup final at Wembley, beating Norwich City 1–0.
March 7 – Comet Kohoutek is discovered.
March 10 – Sir Richard Sharples, Governor of Bermuda, is assassinated in Government House.
March 17 – Many of the few remaining United States soldiers begin to leave Vietnam. One reunion of a former POW with his family is immortalized in the Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph Burst of Joy.
March 20 – A British government White Paper on Northern Ireland proposes the re-establishment of an Assembly elected by proportional representation, with a possible All-Ireland council.
March 21 – The Lofthouse Colliery disaster occurs in Great Britain. Seven miners are trapped underground; none survive.
March 27 – At the 45th Academy Awards, The Godfather wins best picture.

April

Main article: April 1973

April 1
- India launches the wildlife conservation program Project Tiger.
- Value Added Tax (VAT) is introduced in the United Kingdom.
April 2 – The LexisNexis computerized legal research service begins.
April 3 – The first handheld mobile phone call is made by Martin Cooper of Motorola in New York City.
April 5
The launch of the Atlas-Centaur carrying the Pioneer G (11) spacecraft on April 5, 1973.
- Fahri Korutürk becomes the sixth president of Turkey.
- Pioneer 11 is launched on a mission to study the Solar System.
April 6 – Ron Blomberg of the New York Yankees becomes the first designated hitter in Major League Baseball.
April 7 – Tu te reconnaîtras by Anne-Marie David (music by Claude Morgan, text by Vline Buggy) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 for Luxembourg.
April 10 – Operation Spring of Youth: Israeli commandos raid Beirut, assassinating 3 leaders of the Palestinian Resistance Movement. The Lebanese army's inaction brings the immediate resignation of Prime Minister Saeb Salam, a Sunni Muslim.
April 10 – The Islamic Republic of Pakistan introduced its new constitution, its supreme law.
April 15 – Naim Talu, a former civil servant, forms the new government of Turkey (36th government).
April 17 – The German counter-terrorist force GSG 9 is officially formed in response to the Munich massacre.
April 28
- The last section of the IRT Third Avenue Line from 149th Street to Gun Hill Road in The Bronx is closed.
- Six Irishmen, including Joe Cahill, are arrested by the Irish Naval Service off County Waterford, on board a coaster carrying 5 tons of weapons destined for the Provisional Irish Republican Army.
April 30 – Watergate scandal: President Richard Nixon announces that White House Counsel John Dean has been fired and that Attorney General Richard Kleindienst has resigned along with staffers H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman.

May

Main article: May 1973

May 3 – The Sears Tower in Chicago is topped-out, becoming the world's tallest building at 1,451 feet (442 m).
May 5
- Shambu Tamang becomes the youngest person to climb to the summit of Mount Everest.
- Secretariat wins the Kentucky Derby in a dramatic come from behind victory and sets the new and still existing Derby record of 1:59 2/5ths.
May 10
- The Montreal Canadiens win the Stanley Cup 4 games to 2 over the Chicago Blackhawks, Yvan Cournoyer was voted MVP.
- The Polisario Front, a Sahrawi movement dedicated to the independence of Spanish Sahara, is formed.
May 11 – The Data Act (Sw. Datalagen) − the world's first national data protection law − is enacted in Sweden.
May 14 – Skylab, the United States' first space station, is launched.
May 18 – Second Cod War: Joseph Godber, British Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, announces that Royal Navy frigates will protect British trawlers fishing in the disputed 80 km (50 mi) limit around Iceland.
May 19 – Secretariat wins the Preakness Stakes by 2+1⁄2 lengths over the amazingly quick second placed Sham. A malfunction in the track's timing equipment prevented a confirmed new track record.
May 23 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police celebrate their 100th anniversary.
May 25
- Skylab 2 (Pete Conrad, Paul Weitz, Joseph Kerwin) is launched on a mission to repair damage to the recently launched Skylab space station.
- Héctor José Cámpora becomes democratic president of the Argentine Republic ending the 1966 to 1973 Revolución Argentina military dictatorship.
May 27 – Soviet copyright law begins to recognize foreign copyrights.
May 30 – Gordon Johncock wins the Indianapolis 500 in the Patrick Racing Special Eagle-Offenhauser, after only 133 laps, due to rain. (The race was begun May 28 but called due to rain.)

June

Main article: June 1973

June 1 – The Greek military junta abolishes the monarchy and proclaims a republic.
June 3 – A Tupolev Tu-144 crashes at the Paris air show; 15 are killed.
June 10 – Henri Pescarolo and co-driver Gérard Larrousse (both France) win the 24 Hours of Le Mans in the Equipe Matra MS670B.
June 17 – The submersible Johnson Sea Link becomes entangled on the wreckage of the USS Fred T. Berry off Key West, Florida. The submersible is brought to the surface the following day, but two of the four men aboard die of carbon dioxide poisoning.
June 18 – U.S. President Richard Nixon begins several talks with Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
June 20 – The Ezeiza massacre occurs in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Snipers shoot at left-wing Peronists, killing at least 13 and injuring more than 300.
June 24
- Leonid Brezhnev addresses the American people on television, the first Soviet leader to do so.
- UpStairs Lounge arson attack, an as-yet unsolved attack on a gay bar in New Orleans, Louisiana, in which 32 patrons died.
June 25 – Erskine Hamilton Childers is elected the 4th President of Ireland.
June 26 – At Plesetsk Cosmodrome, nine people are killed in the explosion of a Cosmos 3-M rocket.
June 27 – Coup d'état in Uruguay: pressed by the military, President Juan María Bordaberry dissolves Parliament; a 12-year-long civic-military dictatorship begins.
June 28 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
June 30 – A very long total solar eclipse occurs. During the entire second millennium, only seven total solar eclipses exceeded seven minutes of totality.

July

Main article: July 1973

July 3 – Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE).
July 5
- The Isle of Man Post begins to issue its own postage stamps.
- The catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) occurs in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, killing 11 firefighters. This explosion becomes a classic incident, studied in fire department training programs worldwide.

July 6 – St Andrew's Cathedral, Singapore, is gazetted as a national monument.
July 10 – The Bahamas gains full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations.
July 11 – Varig Flight 820 crashes near Orly, France; 123 people are killed.
July 16 – Watergate scandal: Former White House aide Alexander Butterfield informs the United States Senate Watergate Committee that President Richard Nixon had secretly recorded potentially incriminating conversations.
July 17 – King Mohammed Zahir Shah of Afghanistan is deposed by his cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan while in Italy undergoing eye surgery.
July 20 – France resumes nuclear bomb tests in Mururoa Atoll, over the protests of Australia and New Zealand.
July 21 – Lillehammer affair: Agents of Mossad, the Israeli secret intelligence agency, shoot and kill a Moroccan waiter in Lillehammer, Norway, mistakenly believing him to be a senior member of the Palestinian Black September Organization.
July 23 – The Avianca Building in Bogotá, Colombia, suffers a serious fire, in which four people are killed.
July 25 – The Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
July 28 – Skylab 3 (Owen Garriott, Jack Lousma, Alan Bean) is launched, to conduct various medical and scientific experiments aboard Skylab.
July 31 – A Delta Air Lines DC-9 aircraft flying as Delta Air Lines Flight 173 lands short of Boston's Logan Airport runway in poor visibility, striking a sea wall about 165 feet (50 m) to the right of the runway centerline and about 3,000 feet (914 m) short. All 6 crew members and 83 passengers are killed, 1 of the passengers dying several months after the accident.

August

Main article: August 1973

August 1 – Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) inaugurated.
August 2 – A flash fire kills 51 at the Summerland amusement centre at Douglas, Isle of Man.
August 5
- Black September members open fire at the Athens airport; 3 are killed, 55 injured.
- Mars 6, also known as 3MP No.50P, is a Soviet spacecraft launched to explore Mars.
August 8 – South Korean politician Kim Dae-jung is kidnapped in Tokyo by the KCIA.
August 15 – The U.S. bombing of Cambodia ends, officially halting 12 years of combat activity in Southeast Asia according to the Case–Church Amendment-an act that prohibits military operations in Laos, Cambodia, and North and South Vietnam as a follow up of the Paris Peace Accords.
August 23 – The Norrmalmstorg robbery occurs, famous for the origin of the term Stockholm syndrome.

September

Main article: September 1973

September 9 – Scottish racing driver Jackie Stewart becomes World Drivers' Champion when his Tyrrell 003-Cosworth places fourth in the 1973 Italian Grand Prix at Monza.
September 11 – Chile's democratically elected government is overthrown in a violent military coup after serious political instability. President Salvador Allende allegedly commits suicide during the coup in the presidential palace, and General Augusto Pinochet heads a US-backed military junta that governs Chile for the next 16 years.
September 15 – Carl XVI Gustaf, becomes King of Sweden following the deaths of his grandfather, King Gustaf VI Adolf.
September 18 – The two German Republics, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), are admitted to the United Nations.
September 20 – The "Battle of the Sexes": Billie Jean King defeats Bobby Riggs in a televised tennis match, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas. With an attendance of 30,492, this remains the largest live audience ever to see a tennis match in US history. The global audience that views on television in 36 countries is estimated at 90 million.
September 27
- Soviet space program: Soyuz 12 (Vasily Lazarev, Oleg Makarov), the first Soviet manned flight since the Soyuz 11 tragedy in 1971, is launched.
- Luís Cabral declares the independence of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau from the Estado Novo regime in Portugal. It is later granted in September 1974.

October

Main article: October 1973

October 5 – Elton John releases his most successful album, Goodbye Yellow Brick Road.

October 6
- Yom Kippur War begins: The fourth and largest Arab–Israeli conflict begins, as Egyptian and Syrian forces attack Israeli forces in the Sinai Peninsula and Golan Heights on Yom Kippur.
- French Formula One driver François Cevert is killed in the Tyrrell 003-Cosworth during the U.S. Grand Prix. Cevert's teammate, World Champion Jackie Stewart, announces his retirement after the event.
October 10
- Spiro T. Agnew resigns as Vice President of the United States and then, in federal court in Baltimore, pleads no contest to charges of income tax evasion on $29,500 he received in 1967, while he was governor of Maryland. He is fined $10,000 and put on 3 years' probation.
- The New York Mets win the National League pennant.
October 14 – Thai popular uprising Students revolt in Bangkok – In the Thammasat student uprising over 100,000 people protest in Thailand against the Thanom military government, 77 are killed and 857 are injured by soldiers.
October 15 – Typhoon Ruth crosses Luzon, Philippines, killing 27 people and causing $5 million in damage.
October 17 – An OPEC oil embargo against several countries supporting Israel triggers the 1973 energy crisis.
October 20
- The Saturday Night Massacre: U.S. President Richard Nixon orders Attorney General Elliot Richardson to dismiss Watergate Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox. Richardson refuses and resigns, along with Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus. Solicitor General Robert Bork, third in line at the Department of Justice, then fires Cox. The event raises calls for Nixon's impeachment.
- The Sydney Opera House is opened by Elizabeth II after 14 years of construction work.

October 25 – The Yom Kippur War ends.
October 26 – The United Nations recognizes the independence of Guinea-Bissau.
October 30 – The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus for the first time in history.
October 31 – Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape: Three Provisional Irish Republican Army members escape from Mountjoy Prison, Dublin, Republic of Ireland after a hijacked helicopter lands in the exercise yard.

November

Main article: November 1973

November 1 – Watergate scandal: Acting Attorney General Robert Bork appoints Leon Jaworski as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.

November 3
- Pan Am cargo flight 160, a Boeing 707-321C, crashes at Logan International Airport, Boston, killing 3 people.
- Mariner program: NASA launches Mariner 10 toward Mercury (on March 29, 1974, it becomes the first space probe to reach that planet).
November 7 – The Congress of the United States overrides President Richard Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.
November 8 – Millennium '73, a festival hosted by Guru Maharaj Ji at the Astrodome, is called by supporters the "most significant event in human history".
November 11 – Egypt and Israel sign a United States-sponsored cease-fire accord.
November 16
- Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 (Gerald Carr, William Pogue, Edward Gibson) from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on an 84-day mission.
- U.S. President Richard Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, authorizing the construction of the Alaska Pipeline.
November 17
- Watergate scandal: In Orlando, Florida, U.S. President Richard Nixon tells 400 Associated Press managing editors "I am not a crook."
- The Athens Polytechnic uprising occurs against the military regime in Athens, Greece.
November 21 – U.S. President Richard Nixon's attorney, J. Fred Buzhardt, reveals the existence of an 18+1⁄2-minute gap in one of the White House tape recordings related to Watergate.
November 25 – Greek dictator Georgios Papadopoulos is ousted in a military coup led by Brigadier General Dimitrios Ioannidis.
November 27 – The United States Senate votes 92–3 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States.
November 29 – 104 people are killed in a Taiyo department store fire in Kumamoto, Kyūshū, Japan.
November – Queen Sisowath Kossamak of Cambodia is released from house arrest to Beijing.

December

Main article: December 1973

December – Chile breaks diplomatic contacts with Sweden.Template:NoMention
December 1 – Papua New Guinea gains self-government from Australia.
December 3 – Pioneer program: Pioneer 10 sends back the first close-up images of Jupiter.
December 6 – The United States House of Representatives votes 387–35 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States; he is sworn in the same day.
December 14 – Rhodesia executes two Blacks at Salisbury Central Prison for murder
December 18
- Soviet space program: Soyuz 13 (Pyotr Klimuk, Valentin Lebedev) is launched.
- The Islamic Development Bank is created as a specialized agency of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) (effective August 12, 1974).
December 20 – Spanish prime minister Luis Carrero Blanco is assassinated in Madrid by the separatist organization ETA.
December 28 – The Endangered Species Act is passed in the United States.
December 30 – Terrorist Carlos fails in his attempt to assassinate British businessman Joseph Sieff.

Date unknown

ODECA functions are suspended.
The COSC The Swiss Official Chronometer testing Institute is founded in Switzerland by 5 Watch Cantons & Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry.
A large Song dynasty trade ship of c. 1277 A.D. is dredged up from the waters near the southern coast of China with 12 compartments in its hull. It confirms the descriptions of bulkheaded hull compartments for junks in Zhu Yu's Pingzhou Table Talks of 1119.
The Sentosa Musical Fountain opens alongside the Fountain Gardens in Sentosa, Singapore.
Lite Beer is introduced in the U.S. by the Miller Brewing Company.