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While woodwind and brass instruments can play above (and in the case of brass instruments below) their designated ranges, it is not often called upon in classical arrangements. It is extremely rare for musicians to play the extremes of their instruments. The most common exception is that of trombones. Bass trombones are occasionally asked to play pedal tones. While woodwind and brass instruments can play above (and in the case of brass instruments below) their designated ranges, it is not often called upon in classical arrangements. It is extremely rare for musicians to play the extremes of their instruments. The most common exception is that of trombones. Bass trombones are occasionally asked to play pedal tones.


== Typical ranges ==


{{Vocal and instrumental pitch ranges}}
Range (music)
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In music, the range of a musical instrument is the distance from the lowest to the highest pitch it can play. For a singing voice, this is known as vocal range.


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The range of a musical part is the distance between its lowest and highest note. The duration range is the difference between the shortest and longest rhythm used.
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Dynamic range is the difference between the quietest and loudest volume of an instrument, part or piece of music.
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Its designated range is the set of notes the player should or can achieve while playing. All instruments have a designated range, and all pitched instruments have a playing range.
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While some woodwind instruments have no theoretical upper limit to their range (although they often have practical limits), they generally cannot go below their designated range. This is not the case for brass instruments. All brass instruments can play beyond their designated ranges. Notes lower than the brass instrument's designated range are called pedal tones; notes higher than the designated range are called screech notes. The playing range of a brass instrument depends on both the technical limitations of the instrument and the skill of the player.

While woodwind and brass instruments can play above (and in the case of brass instruments below) their designated ranges, it is not often called upon in classical arrangements. It is extremely rare for musicians to play the extremes of their instruments. The most common exception is that of trombones. Bass trombones are occasionally asked to play pedal tones.


Typical ranges
*This chart

Revision as of 05:58, 3 March 2007

In music, the range of a musical instrument is the distance from the lowest to the highest pitch it can play. For a singing voice, this is known as vocal range.

The range of a musical part is the distance between its lowest and highest note. The duration range is the difference between the shortest and longest rhythm used.

Dynamic range is the difference between the quietest and loudest volume of an instrument, part or piece of music.

Its designated range is the set of notes the player should or can achieve while playing. All instruments have a designated range, and all pitched instruments have a playing range.

While some woodwind instruments have no theoretical upper limit to their range (although they often have practical limits), they generally cannot go below their designated range. This is not the case for brass instruments. All brass instruments can play beyond their designated ranges. Notes lower than the brass instrument's designated range are called pedal tones; notes higher than the designated range are called screech notes. The playing range of a brass instrument depends on both the technical limitations of the instrument and the skill of the player.

While woodwind and brass instruments can play above (and in the case of brass instruments below) their designated ranges, it is not often called upon in classical arrangements. It is extremely rare for musicians to play the extremes of their instruments. The most common exception is that of trombones. Bass trombones are occasionally asked to play pedal tones.

Typical ranges

:Eighth octave CMiddle C:Eighth octave CMiddle Cgongstruck idiophonetubular bellsstruck idiophonecrotalesglockenspielvibraphonecelestametallophonesxylophonemarimbaxylophonesidiophonestimpanimembranophonespiccolo trumpettrumpetcornetbass trumpettrumpetswagner tubawagner tubaflugelhornalto hornbaritone hornFrench hornhorn (instrument)cimbassotypes of trombonetypes of trombonesoprano trombonealto trombonetenor trombonebass trombonecontrabass trombonetromboneseuphoniumbass tubacontrabass tubasubcontrabass tubatubabrass instrumentsOrgan (music)garklein recordersopranino recordersoprano recorderalto recordertenor recorderbass recordergreat bass recordercontrabass recordersub-great bass recordersub-contrabass recorderRecorder (musical instrument)fipplepiccoloconcert flutealto flutebass flutecontra-alto flutecontrabass flutesubcontrabass flutedouble contrabass flutehyperbass flutewestern concert flute familyside-blown fluteflutesharmonicaharmonicaaccordionharmoniumfree reedsopranissimo saxophonesopranino saxophonesoprano saxophonealto saxophonetenor saxophonebaritone saxophonebass saxophonecontrabass saxophonesubcontrabass saxophonesaxophone familysopranino clarinetsoprano clarinetalto clarinetbass clarinetcontra-alto clarinetcontrabass clarinetoctocontra-alto clarinetoctocontrabass clarinetclarinet familysingle reedoboeoboe d'amorecor anglaisheckelphoneoboesbassooncontrabassoonbassoonsexposeddouble reedwoodwind instrumentsaerophonescymbalumhammered dulcimerpianozitherukulele5-string banjomandolinguitarbaritone guitarbass guitarharpsichordharpPlucked string instrumentviolinviolacellodouble bassoctobassviolin familyBowed string instrumentchordophonessopranomezzo-sopranoaltotenorbaritonebass (voice type)Vocal range

*This chart only displays down to C0, though some pipe organs, such as the Boardwalk Hall Auditorium Organ, extend down to C−1 (one octave below C0). Also, the fundamental frequency of the subcontrabass tuba is B♭−1.


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