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Tornado outbreak of November 29–30, 2022

Satellite imagery of the system that produced the outbreak on November 30
Type	Tornado outbreak
Duration	November 29–30, 2022
Highest winds	Tornadic – 140 mph (230 km/h) (Clarks, Louisiana EF3 and Tibbie, Alabama EF3) Non-tornadic – 90 mph (140 km/h) (Magnolia, Mississippi)
Tornadoes confirmed	24
Max. rating	EF3 tornado
Duration of tornado outbreak	14 hours, 19 minutes
Largest hail	2 in (5.1 cm) (WNW of Vaiden, Mississippi)
Fatalities	2 fatalities, 3 injuries
Power outages	55,000
Areas affected	Southern United States
Part of the tornado outbreaks of 2022 Most severe tornado damage; see Enhanced Fujita scale Time from first tornado to last tornado

A late-season tornado outbreak in the Southern United States affected the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia from November 29 into the morning of November 30, 2022. The outbreak was the result of an intense upper-level trough that materialized over the aforementioned states, where increased moisture, atmospheric instability, and elevated wind shear were present, creating conditions highly conducive to supercell thunderstorms. Multiple tornadic storms developed in the risk area, with 24 tornadoes confirmed in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. Several of these were intense, with large, destructive tornadoes prompting the issuance of PDS tornado warnings in Caldwell Parish, Louisiana, near the town of Woodlawn, Mississippi, and in Washington County, Alabama. The Flatwood community north of Montgomery, Alabama was struck by an EF2 tornado, which caused two fatalities.

Meteorological synopsis

A significant severe weather event was forecast multiple days in advance of the outbreak, as early models suggested the presence of multiple thunderstorm-enhancing atmospheric conditions over the northeast Ark-La-Tex regions, northwest Mississippi, and extreme southwestern Tennessee. On November 24, the Storm Prediction Center identified a "severe" threat for the aforementioned regions, although most of the highest risk was positioned over northern Louisiana. As the days passed, and computer weather prediction models identified multiple thunderstorm-enhancing elements over the area, confidence grew in the probability of a severe weather outbreak occurring. On November 27, the SPC issued a Day 3 level 3/enhanced risk for the area, extending all the way through eastern Arkansas, and into western Tennessee. The outlook suggested that a progressive upper-level trough would pass over elevated instability in the area, which coupled with a strong 50-70 kt low-level jet, and 400-500 m/s helicity values, would create conditions conductive to supercell thunderstorm development. An additional damaging wind and hail threat was mentioned.

The threat level was upped to a level 4/moderate risk by the SPC on November 28. The main area of risk was shifted mainly to western Mississippi, extreme southeastern Arkansas, and northeastern Louisiana, where a 15% hatched risk for tornadoes was introduced, indicating the elevated probabilities for strong, long-tracked tornadoes to develop. The outlook highlighted the presence of greater instability than expected, aided by strong wind shear, and steep mid-level lapse rates, which would help in the sustainment of supercell structures, enhancing the tornado risk. The next day, at 1300 UTC (8:00 am CDT), the SPC maintained the risk level, with some minor corrections to its coverage and 15% tornado risk placement. This outlook presented the presence of Convective available potential energy (CAPE) values of 1000-2000 J/kg in the area, and with the previously stated rich moisture, shear, and helicity present in the area, conditions were primed for a tornado outbreak scenario.

As the afternoon advanced, the SPC issued two rare PDS tornado watches encompassing large regions of Louisiana, southeastern Arkansas, and central Mississippi, as atmospheric conditions were very favorable for strong, long-track tornadoes. As the first storm popped up in central Mississippi, a powerful supercell developed in the outskirts of the main risk area, in Covington and Jefferson Davis counties, producing a damaging, multi-vortex tornado that tracked near the town of Bassfield, which was devastated by an EF4 tornado on April 12, 2020. Multiple other tornadoes were reported from this long-tracked supercell. As the afternoon progressed, multiple supercells developed in the main risk area, entering a highly favorable environment for maturing. A storm that developed in the southern edge of the main risk area produced multiple tornadoes, one of which was a large wedge tornado that injured several people in Caldwell Parish, Louisiana, resulting in a PDS tornado warning. After the event, Andrew Lyons, a forecaster at the Storm Prediction Center, posted a tweet showing how the forecast verified on the Tornado Modified Practically Perfect Probs.

Preparations

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Multiple Mississippi school districts closed early on November 29 in anticipation of the inclement weather, including those of Claiborne, Copiah, Lawrence, and Madison counties. Northwestern State University campuses in Louisiana also closed early and postponed or canceled classes. A community college in Alabama closed the campus at 4pm, with any activities after that being cancelled.

Confirmed tornadoes

November 29 event

November 30 event

See also

• List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
• Weather of 2022

Notes

1. ^ All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.

References

1. ^ "Damage Assessment Toolkit". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
2. "LIVE: Tornado outbreak turns deadly in Alabama". AccuWeather. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
3. Nov 25, 2022 Day 4-8 Severe Weather Outlook (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
4. Nov 27, 2022 Day 3 Convective Outlook (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
5. Nov 28, 2022 Day 2 Convective Outlook (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
6. Nov 29, 2022 Day 3 Convective Outlook (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
7. Tornado Watch 572 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
8. Tornado Watch 575 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
9. Lyons, Andrew. "Not too shabby at least on the gridded verification. Probably not as many sig tors as expected but there were a few. Good reminder most supercells dont produce tornadoes and we still dont know why". Twitter. @TwisterKidMedia. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
10. "SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Tuesday November 29, 2022". www.spc.noaa.gov. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
11. "LIST: Severe weather threat prompts school closures". WLBT. November 29, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
12. "NSU, schools close in anticipation of severe weather". Natchitoches Times. November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
13. Schools in West Alabama closing early Tuesday due to severe weather, WBRC, November 29, 2022
14. ^ NWS Damage Survey for 11/29-30/2022 Tornado Event - Update #2 (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. December 1, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
15. ^ "SPC Filtered Storm Reports for 11/29/22". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
16. "4 people seriously hurt and several animals are dead in Caldwell Parish, LA after a violent tornado hits the county. #LAWX @NWSNewOrleans @AlaStormTracker video available at @LiveStormsMedia". Twitter. @MichaelBeardWX. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
17. ^ NWS Damage Survey for 11/29-30/22 Tornado Event Update #8 (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
18. NWS Damage Survey for morning of November 30th 2022 Tornado Event (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. December 1, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
19. "...NWS Damage Survey for 11/30/22 Tornado Event..." mesonet.agron.iastate.edu. National Weather Service Mobile AL. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
20. "Mom, 39, and her son, 8, killed in their sleep amid Alabama tornado". MSN. Retrieved December 2, 2022.

• Tornadoes of 2022
• 2022 meteorology
• F3 tornadoes
• Tornadoes in Mississippi
• Tornadoes in Louisiana
• Tornadoes in Alabama
• 2022 in Mississippi
• 2022 in Louisiana
• 2022 in Alabama