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| Arne was born on March 12th, 1710 in ] and baptised at ]. | Arne was born on March 12th, 1710 in ] and baptised at ]. | ||
| AHe is one of Britain's patriot composers. | |||
| Arne's father and grandfather were both ] and both held office in the ] of the ]. His grandfather fell on hard times and diewfwjfbejhfbwjehbhjejewhfbwendjfefbd in the ]. His father earned enough money not only to rent 31 King Street, a large house in Covent Garden,<ref>{{openplaque|233}}</ref> but also to have Arne educated at ]. But in later life, he too lost most of his money and had to supplement his income by acting as a numberer of the boxes (ticket counter) at the ]. | |||
| Arne was so keen on music that he smuggled a ] into his room and, damping the sounds with his handkerchief, would secretly practise during the night while the rest of the family slept. He also dressed up as a liveryman to gain access to the gallery of the ]. It was at the opera that Arne first met the musician and composer ], who was a major influence on him. Festing not only taught him to play the violin, but also took him to various musical events, including going to compete against ] for the post of organist at ], and a visit to Oxford in 1733 to hear ]'s oratorio '']''. | |||
| Upon leaving school, Arne was ] to a solicitor for three years. However, Arne's father discovered his son leading a group of musicians at what was probably one of Festing's musical gatherings. Following this disclosure of his son's real interest and talent, he was persuaded (again probably by Festing) to allow the young Arne to give up his legal career and to pursue music as a living. | |||
| ==Musical career== | |||
| Between 1733 and 1776, Arne wrote music for about 90 stage works, including plays, ], pantomimes, and operas. Many of his dramatic scores are now lost, probably in the disastrous fire at the ], Covent Garden in 1808.<ref name="autogenerated1"></ref> Arne's sister, ], was a famous ], who performed in some of his works, including his first opera, ''Rosamund''. With her marriage to the Drury Lane actor ] Susannah became known professionally as "Mrs Cibber". She and their brother Richard would often perform Arne's works together. | |||
| ] ] of Thomas Arne]] | |||
| Arne was a ]<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070510084204/http://www.ugle.org.uk/masonry/famous-masons.htm |date=10 May 2007 }} at the United Grand Lodge of England.</ref> and active in the organization, which has long been centred in the Covent Garden area of London, where Arne lived for many years. Like ], who also lived in the 1700s, Arne lived before the Catholic hierarchy had banned membership in the Lodges in all countries. | |||
| On 15 March 1737,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ihgs.ac.uk/familyhistory/arne.php |title=IHGS - Family History: Music, the Arne Family Tradition, 1710-1804 by Gladys Carson |access-date=5 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015152943/http://ihgs.ac.uk/familyhistory/arne.php |archive-date=15 October 2007 }}</ref> Arne married singer ], whose sister, Isabella was the wife of ]. During this period Arne's operas and masques became increasingly popular, and he received the patronage of ], at whose country home, ], the '']'', featuring "Rule Britannia", was debuted in 1740. | |||
| In 1741, Arne filed a complaint in ] pertaining to a breach of musical copyright and claimed that some of his theatrical songs had been printed and sold by Henry Roberts and John Johnson, the London booksellers and music distributors. The matter was settled out of court. Arne was one of the first composers to have appealed to the law over copyright issues.<ref>''Arne, Handel, Walsh, and Music as Intellectual Property: Two Eighteenth-Century Lawsuits'': Ronald J. Rabin and Steven Zohn, ''Journal of the Royal Musical Association,'' Vol. 120, No. 1 (1995), pp. 112–145</ref> | |||
| In 1742 Arne went with his wife to ], where he remained two years and produced his oratorio ''The Death of Abel'', of which only the melody known as the ''Hymn of Eve'' survives, and some stage works; he also gave a number of successful concerts. On his return to London in 1744 he was engaged as leader of the band at ], and the following year as composer at ].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Arne, Thomas Augustine|volume=28|page=}}</ref> | |||
| In 1750, after an argument with ], Susannah left ] for ], and Arne followed. In 1755 during another period spent in Dublin, he separated from Cecilia, who, he alleged, was mentally ill. He began a relationship with one of his pupils, ], a soprano and former child prodigy. Brent performed in several of Arne's works, including the role of Sally in his 1760 opera '']'' and Mandane in his 1762 opera '']''. Eventually Brent and Arne went their separate ways and she married a violinist named ] in 1766. | |||
| ==Later life== | |||
| During the 1760s Arne transferred his services to ],<ref name="EB1911"/> and frequently collaborated with the Irish writer ]. ''Thomas and Sally'' was the first English comic opera to be sung throughout (it contained no spoken dialogue).<ref name="autogenerated1" /> '']'' was one of the most successful and influential English operas of the 18th century and is the only known attempt to write an Italianate, ] '']'', in the English language, using ] instead of spoken ].<ref name="EB1911"/><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607175801/http://www.classicalopera.co.uk/Artaxerxes.html |date=7 June 2007 }}</ref> Mozart saw it in 1764 when he visited London and said that it influenced his operas.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}} It was frequently performed in London into the 1830s and, other than ]'s '']'', it was the most popular full-length English opera before the 20th century.<ref>The Oxford Companion to English Literature, 6th Edition. Edited by Margaret Drabble, Oxford University Press, 2000 Pp 41</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roh.org.uk/whatson/production.aspx?pid%3D10223 |title=Artaxerxes - Royal Opera House |access-date=1 October 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007030923/http://www.roh.org.uk/whatson/production.aspx?pid=10223 |archive-date=7 October 2009 }}</ref> In a 1791 visit to London, ] was impressed by a performance of Artaxerxes'' he attended and admitted that he had no idea such an opera existed in the English language.<ref></ref> | |||
| In 1769 Arne composed the song '']'', with lyrics by Garrick, for the ] held by Garrick in ] to commemorate the life of ]. In 1773, in a performance of ] Arne introduced women's voices into the choruses for the first time.<ref name="EB1911"/> | |||
| ] in ]]] | |||
| In 1777, shortly before his death, Arne and his wife were reconciled. They had one son, ], who was also a composer. Arne is buried at ], London. A ], unveiled in 1988, commemorates Arne at 31 King Street in Covent Garden.<ref name='EngHet'>{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/discover/blue-plaques/search/arne-thomas-1710-1778|title=ARNE, THOMAS (1710–1778)|publisher=English Heritage|access-date=18 August 2012}}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
| Arne is considered one of 18th-century Britain's greatest theatrical composers. He is best remembered for his patriotic song "]" and for others. His other works include "]". He is one of Britain's patriot composers. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 14:04, 9 December 2022
18th-century British composer
| Thomas Arne | |
|---|---|
 Thomas Augustine Arne, 1778 | |
| Born | Thomas Augustine Arne (1710-03-12)12 March 1710 Covent Garden, London, England |
| Died | Error: Death date (first date) must be later in time than the birth date (second date) London, England |
| Education | Eton College |
rcjfne, Anthony.|isbn=0-19-869129-7|location=Oxford |pages=22|oclc=11814265}}</ref>
Early life
Arne was born on March 12th, 1710 in Covent Garden and baptised at St Paul's, Covent Garden.
AHe is one of Britain's patriot composers.
See also
References
Sources
- McVeigh, Simon. Concert Life in London from Mozart to Haydn. Cambridge University Press, 1993 (2006 reprint).
- Pink, Andrew. 'Thomas Arne (1710–78)' in Le Monde maçonnique des Lumières (Europe-Amériques) Dictionnaire prosopographique. Charles Porset and Cécile Révauger (eds) Paris: Editions Champion, 2013. ISBN 978-2-7453-2496-2
External links
- Family History Page by a descendant of Arne
- Thomas Augustine Arne on the Classical Composers Database
- Works by Thomas Arne in the University of North Texas Virtual Rare Book Room
Sheet music
- Free scores by Thomas Arne at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
- The Mutopia Project has compositions by Thomas Arne
- Free scores by Thomas Arne in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
| Thomas Arne | |
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| List of compositions | |
| Operas |
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| Other works |
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 Category | |
| Baroque music | |
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| List of Baroque composers | |
| Transitional and early (c. 1600) | |
| Middle (c. 1650) |
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| Late (c. 1700) |
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| Galant (c. 1720) | |
| Musical Instruments | |
| Ensembles | |
| Musical forms | |
| Other topics | |
| Background | |
| ← Renaissance musicClassical music → | |
- 1710 births
- 1778 deaths
- English Baroque composers
- Classical-period composers
- English classical composers
- English opera composers
- Male opera composers
- English Roman Catholics
- English male classical composers
- Oratorio composers
- People educated at Eton College
- People from Covent Garden
- Young musical family (England)
- 18th-century classical composers
- 18th-century British male musicians
- Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England
- English Freemasons