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{{Soviet military}} | {{Soviet military}} | ||
The '''military ranks of the |
The '''military ranks of the Soviet Union''' were those introduced after the ] of ]. From then the ] ] was abolished, as was the right of the ] to acquire personal ranks or special rights assigned to them previously. ] ranks were abolished in ] after the ], although ] has been largely adopted from the ] system. | ||
Immediately after the Revolution, personal military ranks were abandoned in favor of a system of ''positional ranks'', which were acronyms of the full position names. For example, ''komdiv'' was an acronym of ''] Commander'', ''kombat'' stood for ''] Commander'', and so forth. These acronyms have survived as informal position names to the present day. | |||
Personal ranks were reintroduced in ], and ] ranks were restored in ] ]. The ranks were based on those of the Russian Empire, although they underwent some modifications. Modified Imperial-style rank ] were reintroduced in ]. | |||
The Soviet ranks ceased to be used after the ] ], although the ] of the modern ] have been largely adopted from the ] system. | |||
==Rank Table== | ==Rank Table== | ||
⚫ | ] | ||
⚫ | Chart shows ranks during the time before the ], circa ]-]. | ||
⚫ | {|class="prettytable" cellpadding="5" align="center" | ||
⚫ | !width="20%" |Category | ||
⚫ | !width="40%" |All-forces ranks | ||
!Deck Ranks | |||
⚫ | ]'s |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | {|class="prettytable" cellpadding=" |
||
⚫ | !width="20%" |Category | ||
⚫ | !width=" |
||
!Soviet Air Force and other Soviet military branches ranks<br>(Space Troops, Artillery, Tank Forces, Engineer Forces and Signal Forces, Medical Service, Military Judicial Service, other Special and Technical Services) | |||
!Soviet Navy Ranks (Soviet Deck Ranks) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="5" |<center>'''Supreme Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''General Officers'''<center> | ||
|<center>]<br>('''Ма́ршал Совéтского Сою́за''') | |||
|- | |||
|<center>]<br>('''Ма́ршал Совéтского Сою́за''')<center> | |||
---- | |||
⚫ | <center>''' |
||
|<center>'''-'''<center> | |||
---- | |||
<center>]<br>('''Гла́вный Ма́ршал Авиа́ции Совéтского Сою́за''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''Гла́вный Ма́ршал ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''Адмира́л Фло́та Совéтского Сою́за''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''Адмира́л Фло́та Совéтского Сою́за''')<center> | ||
---- | |||
<center>'''-'''<center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>(''' |
|<center>]<br>('''генера́л а́рмии'''), <br>] of an arm<br>('''Гла́вный Ма́ршал рода войск'''), <br>] of an arm<br>('''Ма́ршал рода войск''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of''' ]'''<br>(''Ма́ршал авиа́ции''')<br><center> ] '''or''' ] '''of branches'''<br>('''Ма́ршал или Генера́л ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br> ('''адмира́л фло́та''')<center> | |<center>]<br> ('''адмира́л фло́та''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>] or<br>]<br>('''генера́л-полко́вник''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''генера́л-полко́вник''')<center> | ||
|<center>] or<br>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''генера́л-полко́вник авиа́ции''')<br>] or<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''генера́л-полко́вник ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''адмира́л''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''адмира́л''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>('''генера́л-лейтена́нт''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''генера́л-лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''генера́л-лейтена́нт авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''генера́л-лейтена́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''ви́це-адмира́л''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''ви́це-адмира́л''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>('''генера́л-майо́р''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''генера́л-майо́р''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''генера́л-майо́р авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''генера́л-майо́р ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''ко́нтр-адмира́л''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''ко́нтр-адмира́л''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="3" |<center>'''Senior Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''Field Grade Officers'''<center> | |rowspan="3" |<center>'''Senior Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''Field Grade Officers'''<center> | ||
|<center> |
|<center>]<br>('''полко́вник''')<center> | ||
|<center>] or ] '''of aviation'''<br>('''полко́вник авиа́ции''')<br>] or ] '''of branches'''<br>('''полко́вник ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>], 1st rank<br>('''капита́н 1-го ра́нга''')<center> | |<center>], 1st rank<br>('''капита́н 1-го ра́нга''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>] or<br>]<br>('''подполко́вник''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''подполко́вник''')<center> | ||
|<center>] or<br>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''подполко́вник авиа́ции''')<br>] or<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''подполко́вник ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>], 2nd rank<br>('''капита́н 2-го р́анга''')<center> | |<center>], 2nd rank<br>('''капита́н 2-го р́анга''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>('''майо́р''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''майо́р''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''майо́р авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''майо́р ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>], 3rd rank<br>('''капита́н 3-го р́анга''')<center> | |<center>], 3rd rank<br>('''капита́н 3-го р́анга''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="4" |<center>'''Junior Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''Company Grade Officers'''<center> | |rowspan="4" |<center>'''Junior Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''Company Grade Officers'''<center> | ||
|<center>]<br>('''капита́н''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''капита́н''')<center> | ||
|<center>] |
|<center>]<br>('''капита́н-лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>Captain-]<br>('''капита́н-лейтена́нт''')<center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший лейтена́нт''')<center> | |<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>Senior ] '''of aviation'''<br>('''ста́рший лейтена́нт авиа́ции''')<br>Senior ] '''of branches'''<br>('''ста́рший лейтена́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>Senior ]<br>('''старший лейтенант''')<center> | |<center>Senior ]<br>('''старший лейтенант''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>('''лейтена́нт''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''лейтена́нт авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''лейтена́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''лейтена́нт''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>Junior ]<br>('''мла́дший лейтена́нт''')<center> | |<center>Junior ]<br>('''мла́дший лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>Junior ] |
|<center>Junior ]<br>('''мла́дший лейтена́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>Junior ]<br>'''мла́дший лейтена́нт''')<center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan = " |
|rowspan = "2" |<center>'''Under-Officers'''<br> '''or'''<br> '''Master non-commissioned officers'''<center> | ||
|<center> |
|<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший пра́порщик''')<center> | ||
|<center>] or<br>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''ста́рший пра́порщик авиа́ции''')<br>] or<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''ста́рший пра́порщик ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший ми́чман''')<center> | |<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший ми́чман''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center> |
|<center>]<br>('''пра́порщик''')<center> | ||
|<center>] or ] '''of aviation'''<br>('''пра́порщик авиа́ции''')<br>] or ] '''of branches'''<br>('''пра́порщик ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>]<br>('''ми́чман''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''ми́чман''')<center> | ||
|- | |||
|<center>] or ] ('''подпра́порщик''')<center> | |||
|<center>] or ] '''of aviation'''<br> ('''подпра́порщик авиа́ции''')<br>] or ] '''of branches'''<br>('''подпра́порщик ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
⚫ | |<center>]<br> |
||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan = "4" |<center>'''Sergeants'''<br> '''and'''<br> '''Petty Officers '''<center> | |rowspan = "4" |<center>'''Sergeants'''<br> '''and'''<br> '''Petty Officers '''<center> | ||
|<center> |
|<center>]<br>('''старшина́''')<center> | ||
|<center> |
|<center>Chief Ship ]<br>('''гла́вный корабе́льный старшина́''')<center> | ||
⚫ | |<center> |
||
|- | |- | ||
|<center> |
|<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший сержа́нт''')<center> | ||
⚫ | |<center>Chief ]<br>('''гла́вный старшина́''')<center> | ||
|<center>'''Senior''' ] '''of aviation'''<br>('''ста́рший сержа́нт авиа́ции''')<br>Senior ] '''of branches'''<br>('''ста́рший сержа́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>'''Chief''' ]<br>('''гла́вный старшина́''')<center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>]<br>('''сержа́нт''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''сержа́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''сержа́нт авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''сержа́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>], 1st class<br>('''старшина́ 1-й статьи́''')<center> | |<center>], 1st class<br>('''старшина́ 1-й статьи́''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<center> |
|<center>Junior ]<br>('''мла́дший сержа́нт''')<center> | ||
|<center>'''Junior''' ] '''of aviation'''<br>('''мла́дший сержа́нт авиа́ции''')<br>Junior ] '''of branches'''<br>('''мла́дший сержа́нт ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>], 2nd class<br>('''старшина́ 2-й статьи́''')<center> | |<center>], 2nd class<br>('''старшина́ 2-й статьи́''')<center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan= "2" |<center> '''Soldiers,<br> seamen,<br> airmen'''<center> | |rowspan= "2" |<center> '''Soldiers,<br> seamen,<br> airmen'''<center> | ||
|<center>]<br>('''ефре́йтор''')<center> | |<center>]<br>('''ефре́йтор''')<center> | ||
⚫ | |<center>Senior ]<br>('''ста́рший матро́с''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''ефре́йтор авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''ефре́йтор ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>Senior ]<br> '''or''' ], ]<br>('''ста́рший матро́с''') '''или''' ('''ста́рший моря́к''')<center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
|<center>] '''or''' ], ]<br>('''рядово́й |
|<center>]<br>('''рядово́й''')<center> | ||
⚫ | |<center>]<br>('''матро́с''')<center> | ||
|<center>] '''of aviation'''<br>('''рядово́й авиа́ции''')<br>] '''of branches'''<br>('''рядово́й ро́да во́йск''')<center> | |||
|<center>] '''or''' ], ]<br>('''матро́с''') '''или''' ('''моря́к''') <center> | |||
|} | |} | ||
=== Generalissimo of the Soviet Union === | |||
This rank was created for ] on ], ], and he was the only person ever to hold it. It is sometimes regarded as an equivalent to the rank of ] or the ]n '']''. | |||
=== Marshal of an arm=== | === Marshal of an arm=== | ||
The ranks of ''] of an arm'' and '' |
The ranks of ''] of an arm'' and ''Marshal of an arm'' were used in five Soviet military branches; these being the Air Force, Artillery, Tank Forces, Engineer Forces, and Signal Forces. These ranks were established in ] and were both equivalent to ], although they maintained precedence between each other. | ||
== Rank insignia == | == Rank insignia == | ||
===Army=== | ===Army=== | ||
] | ] | ||
===Navy=== | ===Navy=== | ||
Line 135: | Line 90: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
==External links== | ==External links== |
Revision as of 10:09, 11 March 2007
Soviet Armed Forces |
---|
Components |
Ranks of the Soviet Military |
History of the Soviet Military |
The military ranks of the Soviet Union were those introduced after the October Revolution of 1917. From then the Imperial Table of Ranks was abolished, as was the right of the pre Soviet nobility to acquire personal ranks or special rights assigned to them previously. Soviet ranks were abolished in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union, although modern Russian military insignia has been largely adopted from the Soviet system.
Rank Table
Chart shows ranks during the time before the collapse of the Soviet Union, circa 1980-1991.
Category | All-forces ranks | Deck Ranks |
---|---|---|
or General Officers |
(Ма́ршал Совéтского Сою́за) |
(Адмира́л Фло́та Совéтского Сою́за) |
(генера́л а́рмии), Chief Marshal of an arm (Гла́вный Ма́ршал рода войск), Marshal of an arm (Ма́ршал рода войск) |
(адмира́л фло́та) | |
(генера́л-полко́вник) |
(адмира́л) | |
(генера́л-лейтена́нт) |
(ви́це-адмира́л) | |
(генера́л-майо́р) |
(ко́нтр-адмира́л) | |
or Field Grade Officers |
(полко́вник) |
(капита́н 1-го ра́нга) |
(подполко́вник) |
(капита́н 2-го р́анга) | |
(майо́р) |
(капита́н 3-го р́анга) | |
or Company Grade Officers |
(капита́н) |
(капита́н-лейтена́нт) |
(ста́рший лейтена́нт) |
(старший лейтенант) | |
(лейтена́нт) |
(лейтена́нт) | |
(мла́дший лейтена́нт) |
(мла́дший лейтена́нт) | |
or Master non-commissioned officers |
(ста́рший пра́порщик) |
(ста́рший ми́чман) |
(пра́порщик) |
(ми́чман) | |
and Petty Officers |
(старшина́) |
(гла́вный корабе́льный старшина́) |
(ста́рший сержа́нт) |
(гла́вный старшина́) | |
(сержа́нт) |
(старшина́ 1-й статьи́) | |
(мла́дший сержа́нт) |
(старшина́ 2-й статьи́) | |
seamen, airmen |
(ефре́йтор) |
(ста́рший матро́с) |
(рядово́й) |
(матро́с) |
Marshal of an arm
The ranks of Chief Marshal of an arm and Marshal of an arm were used in five Soviet military branches; these being the Air Force, Artillery, Tank Forces, Engineer Forces, and Signal Forces. These ranks were established in 1943 and were both equivalent to General of the Army, although they maintained precedence between each other.
Rank insignia
Army
Navy
See also
- Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation
- Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation
- Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation
- History of Russian military ranks
External links
- Military Ranks of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics
- Anatomy of Army, Russian
- SOVIET MILITARIA, sells Soviet ranking insignia, etc.