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The Battle of Muş, also known as the Muş Campaign, took place during World War I in the southeastern Anatolian region of Turkey. General Mustafa Kemal (later known as Atatürk) played a key role in this battle.

Battle of Muş
Part of Caucasus Campaign
File:Muş battle, George W. Gawrych.png The map representing Muş offensive
Date 8 August 1916 Location Muş, Turkey Result Ottoman empire victory Muş re-captured
Belligerents
Ottoman Empire	Russian Empire Armenian volunteer units
Commanders and leaders
Mustafa Kemal Pasha	Nikolai Istomin Nikolai Yudenich Tovmas Nazarbekian

Battle

Facing a collapsing eastern front and the threat of Russian incursion into Ottoman territories, Kemal's exceptional leadership skills led to his appointment as commander of a corps in Edirne and later in Diyarbakir. His primary objective was to contain the advancing Russian forces, who launched simultaneous offensives from the north and south.

The Russian army swiftly captured strategic cities like Erzurum and Trabzon in the north, as well as Muş and Bitlis in the south with the support of Armenian volunteers. The situation became critical, with the eastern front on the verge of complete collapse and the potential risk of Russian incursion into Mesopotamia.

In the face of this dire situation, Mustafa Kemal, now a brigadier general, displayed tactical brilliance. With swift and decisive action, he successfully halted the Russian advance. In August 1916, Kemal launched a surprise attack, leading his forces to recapture Muş.,

Notes and References

1. ^ Erickson, Edward J. (2013-08-20). Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-0458-7.
2. Kreiser, Klaus (2014). Atatürk: eine Biographie (in German). Beck. ISBN 978-3-406-66594-3.
3. Mert, İsmail Çorbacı, Yüksel (2014). Bilinmeyen Atatürk (in Arabic). Az Kitap. ISBN 978-605-4812-17-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
4. Mango, Andrew (2002-08-26). Atatürk: The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey. Abrams. ISBN 978-1-59020-924-0.
5. Monnier, Fabrice (2015-04-09). Atatürk. La naissance de la Turquie moderne: Naissance de la turquie moderne (in French). CNRS Editions. ISBN 978-2-271-08615-0. Le 2 août, le 16e corps de Mustafa Kemal, appuyé par des irréguliers kurdes, attaque à nouveau Muş et Bitlis. Menacé d'encerclement, le général russe Tovmas Nazarbekov évacue Bitlis le 5 août puis, quelques jours plus tard, Muş.
6. Hanioğlu, M. Şükrü (2017-03-07). Atatürk: An Intellectual Biography. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-17582-9.
7. Hanioglu, Sükrü (2016-01-27). Atatürk: Une biographie intellectuelle (in French). Fayard. ISBN 978-2-213-68802-2.
8. Gawrych, George W. (2013-04-16). The Young Atatürk: From Ottoman Soldier to Statesman of Turkey. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85772-205-8.