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| == History == | == History == | ||
| === Early History === | |||
| Together with the villages of ], ], ] and ], Falkhan is considered one of the historical cradle of the ].{{sfn|Krupnov|1971|p=49}}{{sfn|Kuznetsov|2004|p=40}} According to ethnographer {{ill|Bashir Dalgat|ru|Далгат, Башир Керимович}}, all of the villages and settlements (more than 20) of the ] Society originate from Falkhan.{{sfn|Dalgat|2008|page=}} | Together with the villages of ], ], ] and ], Falkhan is considered one of the historical cradle of the ].{{sfn|Krupnov|1971|p=49}}{{sfn|Kuznetsov|2004|p=40}} According to ethnographer {{ill|Bashir Dalgat|ru|Далгат, Башир Керимович}}, all of the villages and settlements (more than 20) of the ] Society originate from Falkhan.{{sfn|Dalgat|2008|page=}} | ||
| The population village was mainly made up of the Dzarakhovs, but also Adzhievs, Bersanovs, Umarovs and Kotievs.{{sfn|Dzarakhova|2016|p=24}} | |||
| According to the legend, the village was founded by Ferkhast and his three sons. The date of foundation is unknown (about the 12th-13th centuries), although the aul is considered ancient. At the time of its foundation, the territory of the village belonged to the Gamnakan tribe ({{lang-inh|ГIамнаькъан}}) which made it hard for others to settle here. | According to the legend, the village was founded by Ferkhast and his three sons. The date of foundation is unknown (about the 12th-13th centuries), although the aul is considered ancient. At the time of its foundation, the territory of the village belonged to the Gamnakan tribe ({{lang-inh|ГIамнаькъан}}) which made it hard for others to settle here. | ||
| === Modern === | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| In 1811–1812, there were 30 households in Falkhan.{{sfn|Kobychev|1982|p=29}}{{sfn|Dzarakhova|2016|p=24}} By the 1830s, the majority of Falkhan's inhabitants migrated to the villages of Dzheyrakh-Yurt, ], {{ill|Ghalghai Yurt|ru|Камбилеевское}} and Fortress of ], located in plain ].{{sfn|Dzarakhova|2016|pp=27–28}} By the middle of 19th century, Dzarakhovs and Kotievs of Falkhan migrated to the village of ].{{sfn|Dzharakhova|2016|p=28}} | |||
| In 1886, there were 22 families living in Falkhan: 10 Dzarakhov families, 3 Kotiev families, 3 Bersanov families and 2 Adzhiev families.{{sfn|Dzarakhova|2016|p=24}} | |||
| ⚫ | Particularly massive migrations occurred in the middle of the 20th century as a result of the ]. The last residents left Falkhan on February 23, 1944. After returning from Deportation, the natives of the village were denied to settle back in the aul as a result of new policy of ].<ref name="Falkhan">{{Cite journal|last=Дзарахова|first=З. М.|year=2016|url=https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=27310112|title=О горном селении Фалхан (полевые этнографические материалы)|trans-title=About the mountain village of Falkhan (field ethnographic materials)|journal=Вестник Ингушского научно-исследовательского института гуманитарных наук им. Ч. Э. Ахриева|language=ru|location=Магас|publisher=Ингушский научно-исследовательский институт гуманитарных наук им. Ч.Э. Ахриева|issue=2|pages=22–29}}</ref> | ||
| Among other things, the local residents were engaged in the manufacture of products from horn, clay, bone, wood and archery weapons. Cloth making was developed. Deposits of sulfur and saltpeter were developed, there were ores of copper and sulfur pyrites, brown iron ore, lead and zinc, as well as ocher.<ref name="Falkhan"/> | Among other things, the local residents were engaged in the manufacture of products from horn, clay, bone, wood and archery weapons. Cloth making was developed. Deposits of sulfur and saltpeter were developed, there were ores of copper and sulfur pyrites, brown iron ore, lead and zinc, as well as ocher.<ref name="Falkhan"/> | ||
Revision as of 18:10, 12 October 2023
Rural locality in Ingushetia Aul in Ingushetia, Russia| Falkhan Фалхан | |
|---|---|
| Aul | |
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Ingush | Фалхане |
 Towers of Falkhan | |
| Location of Falkhan | |
  FalkhanLocation of FalkhanShow map of Russia FalkhanFalkhan (Republic of Ingushetia)Show map of Republic of Ingushetia | |
| Coordinates: 42°49′16″N 44°44′07″E / 42.82111°N 44.73528°E / 42.82111; 44.73528 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Ingushetia |
| Elevation | 1,432 m (4,698 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 0 |
| • Estimate | 0 |
| Administrative status | |
| • Subordinated to | Dzheyrakhsky District |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  ) |
| Postal code(s) | 386430 |
| OKTMO ID | 26620430121 |
Falkhan (Template:Lang-ru, Template:Lang-inh) is a rural locality (a selo) in the Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia, Russia. It is part of the Lyazhgi rural settlement [ru].
Etymology
According to Akhmed Suleymanov, the name of the village is associated with the Ingush word fala (фала) which means "free".
Geography
Falkhan is located in the Kistin Gorge, on the slope of the spur of the Tseylomsky Ridge, on the right bank of a small mountain stream Mekhinchie south of the villages of Metskhal and Khast-Mokie. There are nearby several pastures and meadows like Tielta, Velkh tsona, Dal-tsonashkie, Mekhanchie and others, sometimes common to all nearby auls. In addition, there are old places of worship like Myat Selash, Ashp Koag, Gerg-Argie, Motskharashkie and others.
History
Early History
Together with the villages of Targim, Egikal, Khamkhi and Metskhal, Falkhan is considered one of the historical cradle of the Ingush people. According to ethnographer Bashir Dalgat [ru], all of the villages and settlements (more than 20) of the Fyappin Society originate from Falkhan.
The population village was mainly made up of the Dzarakhovs, but also Adzhievs, Bersanovs, Umarovs and Kotievs.
According to the legend, the village was founded by Ferkhast and his three sons. The date of foundation is unknown (about the 12th-13th centuries), although the aul is considered ancient. At the time of its foundation, the territory of the village belonged to the Gamnakan tribe (Template:Lang-inh) which made it hard for others to settle here.
Modern
In 1811–1812, there were 30 households in Falkhan. By the 1830s, the majority of Falkhan's inhabitants migrated to the villages of Dzheyrakh-Yurt, Sholkhi, Ghalghai Yurt [ru] and Fortress of Vladikavkaz, located in plain Ingushetia. By the middle of 19th century, Dzarakhovs and Kotievs of Falkhan migrated to the village of Angusht.
In 1886, there were 22 families living in Falkhan: 10 Dzarakhov families, 3 Kotiev families, 3 Bersanov families and 2 Adzhiev families.
Particularly massive migrations occurred in the middle of the 20th century as a result of the Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush. The last residents left Falkhan on February 23, 1944. After returning from Deportation, the natives of the village were denied to settle back in the aul as a result of new policy of Soviet Union.
Among other things, the local residents were engaged in the manufacture of products from horn, clay, bone, wood and archery weapons. Cloth making was developed. Deposits of sulfur and saltpeter were developed, there were ores of copper and sulfur pyrites, brown iron ore, lead and zinc, as well as ocher.
References
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Федеральная служба государственной статистики.
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Zakon Respubliki Ingushetia ot 23 fevralya 2009 goda.
- Сулейманов 1978, pp. 21.
- Dzarakhova 2016, p. 22.
- Сулейманов 1978, pp. 21–22.
- Krupnov 1971, p. 49.
- Kuznetsov 2004, p. 40.
- Dalgat 2008, p. 150.
- ^ Dzarakhova 2016, p. 24.
- Kobychev 1982, p. 29.
- Dzarakhova 2016, pp. 27–28.
- Dzharakhova 2016, p. 28. sfn error: no target: CITEREFDzharakhova2016 (help)
- ^ Дзарахова, З. М. (2016). "О горном селении Фалхан (полевые этнографические материалы)" [About the mountain village of Falkhan (field ethnographic materials)]. Вестник Ингушского научно-исследовательского института гуманитарных наук им. Ч. Э. Ахриева (in Russian) (2). Магас: Ингушский научно-исследовательский институт гуманитарных наук им. Ч.Э. Ахриева: 22–29.
Bibliography
- Dzarakhova, Z. M.-T. (2016). "О горном селении Фалхан (полевые этнографические материалы)" [About the mountain village of Falkhan (field ethnographic materials)]. Vestnik Ingushkogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta gumanitarnykh nauk im. Ch. E. Akhrieva (in Russian) (2). Magas: Ingushkiy nauchno-issledovatelsky institut gumanitarnykh nauk im. Ch. E. Akhrieva: 22–29.
- Kobychev, V. P. (1982). Gardanov, V. K. (ed.). Поселения и жилище народов Северного Кавказа в XIX-XXвв. [Settlements and housing of the peoples of the North Caucasus in the 19th-20th centuries] (in Russian). Moskva: Nauka. pp. 1–191.
- Kuznetsov, V. A. (2004). Kuchiev, A. G. (ed.). Введение в кавказоведение (историко-этнологические очерки народов Северного Кавказа) [Introduction to Caucasian Studies (Historical and Ethnological Essays on the Peoples of the North Caucasus)] (in Russian). Vladikavkaz: IPP im. V. A. Gassieva. pp. 1–184. ISBN 5-7534-0700-5.
- Krupnov, E. I. (1971). Средневековая Ингушетия [Medieval Ingushetia] (in Russian). Moskva: Nauka. pp. 1–211.
- Мальсагов, З. К. (1963). Оздоева, Ф. (ed.). Грамматика ингушского языка [Grammar of the Ingush language] (in Ingush and Russian). Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское Книжное Издательство. pp. 1–164.
- "Закон Республики Ингушетия от 23 февраля 2009 года № 5-рз "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Республики Ингушетия и наделении их статусом сельского, городского поселения, муниципального района и городского округа"" [Law of the Republic of Ingushetia dated February 23, 2009 No. 5–section "On establishing the boundaries of municipalities of the Republic of Ingushetia and granting them the status of rural, urban settlements, municipal districts and urban districts"]. docs.cntd.ru (in Russian). 2009. Archived from the original on 2018-01-28. Retrieved 2015-03-17.
- Сулейманов, А. С. (1978). Шайхиев, А. Х. (ed.). Топонимия Чечено-Ингушетии. Часть 2. Горная Ингушетия (юго-запад) и Чечня (центр и юго-восток) [Toponymy of Checheno-Ingushetia. Part 2. Mountainous Ingushetia (southwest) and Chechnya (center and southeast)] (in Russian). Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское Книжное Издательство. pp. 1–233.
- Dalgat, B. K. (2008). Tishkov, V. A.; Kudelin, A. B.; Gatsak, V. M. (eds.). Родовой быт и обычное право чеченцев и ингушей. Исследование и материалы 1892-1894 гг. [Tribal life and customary law of the Chechens and Ingush. Research and materials of 1892-1894] (in Russian). Moskva: IMLI RAN. pp. 1–382. ISBN 978-5-9208-0307-8.