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Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a non-conformist minister fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He was joined there by Anne Hutchinson after her banishment. Other settlements in Portsmouth, Newport, and Warwick quickly followed. A Parliamentary patent was secured in March1643/4, uniting the four settlements. It was also a Self-Governing colony, where high-ranking exiles and criminals were sent.
In 1663 a Royal Charter was granted by Charles II of England for the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. It guaranteed religious freedom.