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*** Genus: †'']'' {{small|(Rütimeyer, 1862)}} *** Genus: †'']'' {{small|(Rütimeyer, 1862)}}
**** †''Proviverra typica'' {{small|(Rütimeyer, 1862)}} **** †''Proviverra typica'' {{small|(Rütimeyer, 1862)}}

=== Phylogeny ===
The phylogenetic relationships of family Proviverridae are shown in the following cladogram:<ref name=Matthew2017>{{Cite journal |last1=Borths |first1=Matthew R |last2=Stevens |first2=Nancy J |date=2017 |title=Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia) |url=http://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2017/2056-deciduous-hyaenodont-teeth |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=55A |doi=10.26879/776 |via= |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=Simbakubwa>{{Cite journal |author1=Matthew R. Borths |author2=Nancy J. Stevens |year=2019 |title=''Simbakubwa kutokaafrika'', gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=e1570222 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222|bibcode=2019JVPal..39E0222B |s2cid=145972918 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/8009951 }}</ref><ref name=Geodiversitas4213>{{Cite journal |author1=Floréal Solé |author2=Bernard Marandat |author3=Fabrice Lihoreau |year=2020 |title=The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=13 |pages=185–214 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/13|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=hyaenodontsGeobios>{{Cite journal |last1=Solé |first1=F. |last2=Morlo |first2=M. |last3=Schaal |first3=T. |last4=Lehmann |first4=T. |title=New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene |year=2021 |journal=Geobios |volume=66-67 |pages=119–141 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004|bibcode=2021Geobi..66..119S |s2cid=234848856 }}</ref><ref name="Maocyon">{{Cite journal |last1=Averianov |first1=Alexander |last2=Obraztsova |first2=Ekaterina |last3=Danilov |first3=Igor |last4=Jin |first4=Jian-Hua |date=2023 |title=A new hypercarnivorous hyaenodont from the Eocene of South China |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume=11 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2023.1076819 |issn=2296-701X |doi-access=free }}</ref>
{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;
|grouplabel1={{clade labels
|label1=†'''''Lahimia'' clade''' |top1=2%
|label2=†'''''Allopterodon''/''Proviverra''<br>clade''' |top2=8%
|label3=†'''''Arfia'' clade''' |top3=21%
|label4=†'''''Galecyon'' clade''' |top4=29%
|label5=†'''''Indohyaenodon'' clade''' |top5=32%
|label6=†'''''Tritemnodon'' clade''' |top6=36%
|label7=†''']''' |top7=72%
}}
|label1=&nbsp;†''']'''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|1=†'']''
|2={{clade
|grouplabel1x=†'''''Lahimia'' clade'''
|1=†''']''' |barbegin1=purple |barend1=purple
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1=&nbsp;†''']'''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness1=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'''Proviverridae'''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |grouplabel1x=†'''''Allopterodon''/''Proviverra''<br>clade''' |barbegin1=#EE7F2D |barend1=#EE7F2D
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1=†''Allopterodon minor''
|2=†''Allopterodon torvidus''
}}
|2=†''Allopterodon bulbosus''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|2=†''Proviverra typica''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1=†''Lesmesodon gunnelli''
|2={{clade
|thickness=2
|1=†''Lesmesodon behnkeae''
|2=†''Lesmesodon edingeri''
}} }} }} }}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|1=†''Morlodon vellerei''
}} }}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|1=†''Minimovellentodon russelli''
}} }}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†'']''&nbsp;
|1=†''Parvagula palulae''
}} }}
|2=†''']'''
}} }}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|grouplabel1x=†'''''Arfia'' clade'''
|1=†''']''' |barbegin1=teal |barend1=teal
|2=†''']'''
}}
|2=†''']'''
}}
|3={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=†'']''
|2=†'']''
}}
|grouplabel2x=†'''''Galecyon'' clade'''
|2=†'']'' |barbegin2=blue |barend2=blue
|label3=&nbsp;†'''Afro-Arabian clade'''&nbsp;
|3={{clade
|1=†'']''
|2={{clade
|grouplabel1x=†'''''Indohyaenodon'' clade''' |barbegin1=yellow |barend1=yellow
|1={{clade
|1=†''']'''
|2=†'']''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |thickness1=1 |thickness2=1 |color=green |color1=black |color2=black
|1=†''']'''
|grouplabel2x=†'''''Tritemnodon'' clade''' |barbegin2=red |barend2=red
|2=†'']''
|3=†''']''' |barbegin3=green
|barend4=green |grouplabel4x=†''']'''
|4={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |grouplabel3=†''']''' |barbegin1=brown
|1=†''']'''
|bar2=brown
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |grouplabel1=†'''''Maocyon''/''Orienspterodon'' clade'''
|1=†'']'' |barbegin1=gray
|2=†'']'' |barend2=gray
}}
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style1=background-color:#74C365 |bar1=brown
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |grouplabel1=†'''''Akhnatenavus'' clade''' |caption=†''']''' |captionstyle=background-color:#74C365;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px; |barbegin1=magenta
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†'']''
|label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
|2=†'']''
}}
|2=†'']'' |barend2=magenta
}}
|style2=background-color:#74C365 |bar2=brown
|2=†]
|style3=background-color:#74C365 |bar3=brown
|3=†]
|style4=background-color:#74C365 |bar4=brown
|4=†]
|style5=background-color:#74C365 |bar5=brown
|5=†]
|style6=background-color:#74C365 |bar6=brown
|6={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style=background-color:#8FE77F |barbegin1=black |grouplabel1=†'''''Pterodon'' clade'''
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†'']''
|2=†'']''
}}
|2=†''']''' |barend2=black
}}
|7={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style1=background-color:#74C365 |bar1=brown
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†]
|style2=background-color:#8FE77F
|2=†'']''
|style3=background-color:#8FE77F
|3=†'']''
}}
|style2=background-color:#8FE77F
|2=†]
|style3=background-color:#8FE77F
|3=†'']''
|footer=†''']''' |footerstyle=background-color:#8FE77F;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;
}}
|style2=background-color:#74C365
|2=†''']''' |bar2=brown
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style1=background-color:#74C365 |bar1=brown
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |style1=background-color:#8FE77F |color=green
|1=†'']''
|style2=background-color:#8FE77F
|2=†'']''
|style3=background-color:#8FE77F
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†'']''
|2={{Uuline|†'']''}}
}}
|4={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style1=background-color:#8FE77F
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |footer={{Uline|c=lime|†'']''}} |footerstyle=background-color:#8FE77F;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |caption={{Uuline|†'']''&nbsp;&nbsp;(†]tina)}} |captionstyle=background-color:#8FE77F;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px; |color=green
|1={{Uuline|†'']''}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†'']''
|2={{Uline|c=lime|†'']''}}
}} }}
|2={{Uline|c=lime|†'']''}}
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green |style1=background-color:#8FE77F
|1={{Uline|c=lime|†'']''}}
|2=†]
}}
|3=†'']''
}}
|5={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†''']'''
|2=†'']''
}}
|6={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=green
|1=†'']''
|2=†''']tini'''
}} }}
|style2=background-color:#74C365
|2=†'']'' |barend2=brown
|3=†''']'''
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}

==See also==
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==

Revision as of 22:29, 16 November 2023

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Extinct family of mammals

Proviverrinae
Temporal range: 57.0–34.0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Early to Late Eocene
Fossil of Lesmesodon edingeri
Skull of Proviverra typica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Missing taxonomy template (fix): Proviverridae
Type genus
†Proviverra
Rütimeyer, 1862
Genera
Synonyms
list of synonyms:
  • Proviverrida (Haeckel, 1895)
  • Proviverrinae (Matthew, 1909)
  • Proviverrini (Van Valen, 1965)
  • Stypolophinae (Trouessart, 1885)

Proviverridae ("before civets") is an extinct family of placental mammals from extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Fossil remains of these mammals are known from early to late Eocene deposits in Europe.

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

  • Family: †Proviverridae (Wortman, 1902)
    • Genus: †Minimovellentodon (Solé, 2014)
      • †Minimovellentodon russelli (Solé, 2014)
    • Genus: †Morlodon (Solé, 2013)
      • †Morlodon vellerei (Solé, 2013)
    • Genus: †Parvagula (Lange-Badré, 1987)
      • †Parvagula palulae (Lange-Badré, 1987)
    • (unranked): †Allopterodon/Proviverra clade
      • Genus: †Allopterodon (Ginsburg, 1977)
        • †Allopterodon bulbosus (Lange-Badré, 1979)
        • †Allopterodon minor (Filhol, 1877)
        • †Allopterodon torvidus (Van Valen, 1965)
      • Genus: †Lesmesodon (Morlo & Habersetzer, 1999)
        • †Lesmesodon behnkeae (Morlo & Habersetzer, 1999)
        • †Lesmesodon edingeri (Springhorn, 1982)
        • †Lesmesodon gunnelli (Solé, 2021)
      • Genus: †Proviverra (Rütimeyer, 1862)
        • †Proviverra typica (Rütimeyer, 1862)

References

  1. Schlosser, M. (1886.) "Paläontologische Notizen. Über das Verhältnis der Cope’schen Creodonta zu den übrigen Fleischfressern." Morphologische Jahrbuch 12: 287–294.
  2. Haeckel, Ernst (1895). Systematische Phylogenie: Wirbelthiere (in German). Vol. T.3. Berlin: G. Reimer.
  3. W. D. Matthew (1909.) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
  4. Van Valen, Leigh (1965). "Some European Proviverrini (Mammalia, Deltatheridia)" (PDF). Palaeontology. 8: 638–665.
  5. Trouessart, E. L. (1885.) "Note sur le classification des Analgésiens et diagnoses d'espèces et de genres nouveaux." Bulletin de la Société d'études scientifiques d'Angers, 14, 46–89.
  6. McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  7. Floréal Solé (2013). "New proviverrine genus from the Early Eocene of Europe and the first phylogeny of Late Palaeocene–Middle Eocene hyaenodontidans (Mammalia)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 11 (4): 375–398. doi:10.1080/14772019.2012.686927. S2CID 84734979.
  8. Floréal Solé; Jocelyn Falconnet; Laurent Yves (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.
Mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora
Pan-Carnivora
Pan-Carnivora
Carnivoramorpha
  • See Carnivoramorpha below ↓
†Hyaenodonta
  • See Hyaenodonta below ↓
†Oxyaenodonta
  • See Oxyaenodonta below ↓
†Wyolestidae†Wyolestes
†Hyaenodonta
†Hyaenodontoidea
†Hyaenodontidae
†Proviverridae
†Afro‑Arabian
clade
†Indohyaenodontidae
†Hyainailouroidea
†Hyainailouridae
†Maocyon/Orienspterodon clade
†Apterodontinae
†Hyainailourinae
†Akhnatenavus clade
†Hyainailourini
†Prionogalidae
†Teratodontinae
other representatives
†Arfia clade
†Galecyon clade
†Lahimia clade
†Limnocyonidae
†Sinopidae
ichnotaxa
of Hyaenodonta
†Oxyaenodonta
†Oxyaenidae
†Machaeroidinae
†Oxyaeninae
†Palaeonictinae
†Tytthaeninae
Carnivoramorpha
Carnivoraformes
(Clade "A")
Clade "B"
†Quercygalidae
†Gracilocyon/Oodectes clade
Clade "C"
Clade "D"
Carnivora
(Clade "E")
Caniformia(See Caniformia)
Feliformia(See Feliformia)
other representatives
ichnotaxa of
Carnivoraformes
†Viverravoidea
†Viverravidae
†Didymictinae
†Ictidopappinae
†Viverravinae
Incertae sedis
Taxon identifiers
Proviverrinae
Categories: