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| Poo salad, also known as browns and turds (INSPIRATION BY DABIGGESTBIRD) is a poo salad consisted with poo and pootons made by Mr. Poo. | |||
| {{short description|Green salad of romaine lettuce and croutons}} | |||
| {{pp-semi-vandalism|small=yes}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} | |||
| {{Infobox food | |||
| |name = Caesar salad | |||
| |image = Caesar salad (2).jpg | |||
| |place_of_origin = ] | |||
| |region = ], ] | |||
| |creator = ] | |||
| |year = 1924 | |||
| |course = {{ubl|]|]}} | |||
| |served = Chilled or room temperature | |||
| |main_ingredient = ], ]s, ], ] ], ], ], ], ], (Optionally) ], ] | |||
| |variations = Multiple | |||
| }} | |||
| A '''Caesar salad''' (also spelled '''Cesar''', '''César''' and '''Cesare''') is a ] of ] and ]s dressed with ] (or ]), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ]. | |||
| In its original form, this salad was ].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=David |title=David Burke's New American Classics |last2=Choate |first2=Judith |date=2009 |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-307-51943-6 |page=67 |chapter=Caesar salad |access-date=12 July 2016 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHPvtWR6TkkC&pg=PA67 |archive-date=7 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707002238/https://books.google.com/books?id=dHPvtWR6TkkC&pg=PA67 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| == History == | |||
| ] in ] in ]]] | |||
| ] | |||
| <!-- PLEASE DO NOT add the claim that this salad is attributed to Julius Caesar. Reliable sources do not exist for this claim, so if it is added, it will just be deleted again. --> | |||
| The salad's creation is generally attributed to the restaurateur Caesar Cardini, an ] immigrant who operated restaurants in ] and the ].<ref name="obit">{{cite news |date=5 November 1956 |title=Cesar Cardini, Creator of Salad, Dies at 60 |work=] |quote=Caesar Cardini, 60, credited with the invention of the Caesar salad, died }}</ref> Cardini lived in ] but ran one of his restaurants in ] to attract American customers seeking to circumvent the restrictions of ]. His daughter, Rosa, recounted that her father invented the salad at the Tijuana restaurant when a ] rush in 1924 depleted the kitchen's supplies. Cardini made do with what he had, adding the dramatic flair of table-side tossing by the chef.<ref name="Rosa1">{{cite news |date=21 September 2003 |title=Rosa Cardini |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1442086/Rosa-Cardini.html |access-date=10 February 2012 |archive-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327103223/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1442086/Rosa-Cardini.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Some recountings of the history state that Alex Cardini, Caesar Cardini's brother, made the salad, and that the salad was previously named the "Aviator Salad" because it was made for aviators who traveled over during Prohibition.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Patrick Spaulding |date=December 31, 2022 |title=Una Corrida Extraordinaria |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4316277 |website=SSRN}}</ref> A number of Cardini's staff have also said that they invented the dish.<ref name="grant">{{cite web |last=Grant |first=Dorothy |date=15 June 2007 |title=Hail to all fathers, and hail Caesar! |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/lifestyle/columnists/bdorothy-grantb-hail-to-all-fathers-and-hail-caesar-ep-406261705-339371201.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308174344/http://www.tcpalm.com/lifestyle/columnists/bdorothy-grantb-hail-to-all-fathers-and-hail-caesar-ep-406261705-339371201.html |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=17 December 2020 |website=] }}In , D. Grant quotes Aviator's salad and more (2007)</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The History of Caesar Salad |url=http://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/index.htm |access-date=18 December 2020 |website=Kitchen Project |archive-date=2 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702083956/http://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/index.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| ] said that she had eaten a Caesar salad at ] in her youth during the 1920s.<ref name="child">{{cite book |last1=Child |first1=Julia |url=https://archive.org/details/fromjuliachildsk00chil |title=From Julia Child's Kitchen |last2=Child |first2=Paul |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=1975 |isbn=978-0-394-48071-8 |location=New York |author-link=Julia Child}}</ref> In 1946, the newspaper columnist ] wrote of a Caesar containing anchovies, differing from Cardini's version: | |||
| <blockquote>The big food rage in Hollywood—the Caesar salad—will be introduced to New Yorkers by Gilmore's Steak House. It's an intricate concoction that takes ages to prepare and contains (zowie!) lots of garlic, raw or slightly coddled eggs, croutons, romaine, anchovies, parmeasan{{Sic}} cheese, olive oil, vinegar and plenty of black pepper.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kilgallen |first=Dorothy |date=1946-08-02 |title=The Voice of Broadway |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald (Franklin, Pennsylvania) |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2731250/early-caesar-salad-reference/ |access-date=2020-12-18 |archive-date=2 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102134651/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2731250/early-caesar-salad-reference/ |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| In a 1952 interview, Cardini said the salad became well known in 1937, when ], story editor and ] writer's department head, provided the recipe to Hollywood restaurants.<ref name="stuff/10429532">{{cite news |last1=Hawkes |first1=Graham |title=Hail, Caesar's salad |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/news/10429532/Hail-Caesars-salad |access-date=13 February 2023 |work=] |date=27 August 2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="kitchenproject/CaesarSalad">{{cite web |title=The History of Caesar Salad |url=https://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/ |website=kitchenproject.com |access-date=13 February 2023}}</ref> | |||
| In the 1970s, Cardini's daughter said that the original recipe included whole lettuce leaves, which were meant to be lifted by the stem and eaten with the fingers; ]s; and garlic infused olive oil.<ref name="child" /> The dressing is rarely uniformly made, and anchovy paste is sometimes added with Worcestershire sauce, dry mustard and garlic to enhance the flavor of the olive oil. Several sources have testified that the original recipe used only ] without any anchovies, which Cardini considered too bold in flavor.<ref name=variations>{{cite web |last1=Witchel |first1=Alex |title=Great Caesar's Ghost! Where's My Anchovy? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/07/dining/great-caesar-s-ghost-where-s-my-anchovy.html |website=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times |access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref> | |||
| Although the original recipe does not contain anchovies, modern recipes typically include anchovies as a key ingredient, which frequently is emulsified in bottled versions.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Best Caesar salad |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/amp/2013/10/ask-the-food-lab-caesar-salad-recipe.html |access-date=30 May 2018 |website=Seriouseats.com |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143727/https://www.seriouseats.com/amp/2013/10/ask-the-food-lab-caesar-salad-recipe.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Bottled Caesar dressings are now produced and marketed by many companies. | |||
| The trademark brands, "Cardini's", "Caesar Cardini's" and "The Original Caesar Dressing" are all claimed to date to February 1950, although they were only registered decades later,<ref>{{cite web|title=Serial numbers 73426710 "Cardini's", registered 1983 by Caesar Cardini Foods|url=https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=73426710&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=DEFAULT&searchType=statusSearch|website=United States Patent and Trademark Office|access-date=15 March 2022|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713022850/https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=73426710&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=DEFAULT&searchType=statusSearch|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Serial numbers 73782270 "The Original Caesar Dressing" and "Caesar Cardini's", registered 1989 by Dolefam Corporation, which later merged with T. Marzetti|url=https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=73782270&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=DEFAULT&searchType=statusSearch|website=United States Patent and Trademark Office|access-date=15 March 2022|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713022850/https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=73782270&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=DEFAULT&searchType=statusSearch|url-status=live}}</ref> and more than a dozen varieties of bottled ''Cardini's'' dressing are available today, with various ingredients. | |||
| As the salad moved North to the U.S, a key ingredient changed within the recipe. Lemon juice is commonly used, despite the original Caesar salad opting for lime.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gora|first=L. Sasha|title=The surprising truth about Caesar salad|url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20190521-the-surprising-truth-about-caesar-salad|access-date=23 April 2021|website=www.bbc.com|archive-date=31 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210331043132/http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20190521-the-surprising-truth-about-caesar-salad|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
| == Common ingredients == | |||
| ] | |||
| Common ingredients in many recipes:<ref name=variations/> | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* Crushed Garlic | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* Lemon juice | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* Raw or ] | |||
| :* Grated ] | |||
| :* ]s | |||
| ]]] | |||
| Variations include varying the leaf, adding meat such as grilled chicken or bacon, or omitting ingredients such as anchovies and eggs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Caesar Salad |url=https://search-credoreference-com.huaryu.kl.oakland.edu/content/entry/bloomfood/caesar_salad/0 |website=Credo Reference |publisher=Encyclopedia of American Foods |access-date=30 May 2022}}</ref> | |||
| ] versions can replace anchovies with ] and the eggs with ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Vegan Caesar Salad Recipe |url=https://www.ambitiouskitchen.com/vegan-caesar-dressing/ |website=Ambitious Kitchen |publisher=Monique Volz |access-date=9 September 2022}}</ref> | |||
| == Health concerns == | |||
| {{Main|Egg as food#Contamination}} | |||
| There is inherent risk of infection by ] bacteria occasionally found in raw egg from cracked or improperly handled eggshells where the protective cuticle is damaged.<ref>{{cite web |title=Should eggs be washed before they are used? |url=https://ask.usda.gov/s/article/Should-eggs-be-washed-before-they-are-used |website=AskUSDA |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2015 |title=Egg Products and Food Safety |url=https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/egg-products-preparation/egg-products-and-food-safety/CT_Index |access-date=17 December 2020 |website=] ] |archive-date=16 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116034750/https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/egg-products-preparation/egg-products-and-food-safety/ct_index |url-status=live }}</ref> Updated recipes recommend eggs that are briefly heated to 160 °F (71 °C) or ].{{cn|date=December 2023}} Some variations of the dressing may use substitutions for egg.{{cn|date=December 2023}} | |||
| == See also == | |||
| {{Portal|Food}} | |||
| * ] | |||
| == Citations == | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| == Further reading == | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Greenfield |first=Terry D. |title=In Search of Caesar: The Ultimate Caesar Salad Book |publisher=Alexander Books |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-57090-014-3 |editor-last=Lorna Bolkey |editor-last2=Kathryn Hall}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Mariani |first=John F. |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofamer00mari |title=The Dictionary of American Food and Drink |publisher=Book Sales |year=1985 |isbn=978-0-89919-199-7}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last1=Stradley |first1=Linda |title=What's Cooking America |last2=Cook |first2=Andra |publisher=Chehalem Publishing |year=1997 |isbn=978-1-885221-55-1}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Trager |first=James |url=https://archive.org/details/foodchronologyf00trag |title=The Food Chronology: A Food Lover's Compendium of Events and Anecdotes, from Prehistory to the Present |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-8050-3389-2}} | |||
| == External links == | |||
| * | |||
| {{Salad dressings}} | |||
| {{Mexican cuisine}} | |||
| {{Salads}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 19:30, 13 January 2024
Poo salad, also known as browns and turds (INSPIRATION BY DABIGGESTBIRD) is a poo salad consisted with poo and pootons made by Mr. Poo.