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Alkun Алкун
Selo
Other transcription(s)
• Ingush	Оалкам
Location of Alkun
AlkunLocation of AlkunShow map of RussiaAlkunAlkun (Republic of Ingushetia)Show map of Republic of Ingushetia
Coordinates: 42°58′15″N 45°01′19″E / 42.97083°N 45.02194°E / 42.97083; 45.02194
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Ingushetia
Government
• Head	Khairov Bakhit Khasanovich
Elevation	781 m (2,562 ft)
Population
• Total	1,072
• Estimate	1,473
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Sunzhensky District
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK )
Postal code(s)	386243
OKTMO ID	26610435101

Alkun (Template:Lang-ru; Template:Lang-inh) is a rural locality (a selo) in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on the left bank of the river Fortanga. It forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Alkun as the only settlement in its composition.

Geography

Alkun is located on both banks of the Assa river, at the entrance to the Assinsky Gorge, 42 km south-west of the city of Sunzha, the regional center.

The nearest settlements: in the northwest - the villages of Muzhichi and Galashki, in the northeast - the village of Dattykh.

History

Background

The exact time of the establishment of Alkun can't be established from documents. Based off the remains of material culture like the Gagiev towers which date to the 12th-17th centuries, the area in the area of the village of Alkun was inhabited by Ingush during the late Middle Ages and the village can be considered one of the oldest in the plain Ingushetia. In the 14–16th centuries, after the invasion of Timur the Lame in the Caucasus, the ancestors of the Ingush families of Akhilgovs and Tsitskievs of the Obankhoy clan, presumably inhabited the site of Lower Alkun. The village was made up of two villages: Lower Alkun, located on the left bank of the Assa River, and Upper Alkun, located on the right bank of the Assa River. There are two cemeteries in Upper Alkun.

2,5–3 km southwest of Lower Alkun, located on the right bank of the Assa River at the entrance to its Gorge, is located one of the Lower Alkun's towers. The tower has been preserved to a height of 6–6.5 m; base area is 8X6 m; wall thickness is 0.65 m. At 60–70 m deep into the Assa Gorge are two more towers. The first has been preserved to a height of 7,5–8 m, base area 6–6,5 m, wall thickness 0,70 m. The second tower has been preserved to a height of 7,5–8,5 m and its western wall has been preserved to a width of 6 m. Among the Muslim cemetery of Upper Alkun is located the Upper Alkun's residential tower, which according to Evgeny Krupnov [ru], belonged to the Bokiev family. The tower has been preserved to a height of 6.5 m, the base area is 7.7X6, the thickness of the walls is about 70 cm. It is similar to the semi-combat tower of Falkhan. Above Upper Alkun, in the narrowest part of the Assa Gorge (at 25 m deep), is located a barrier wall. It was built without a foundation, on a rock, from stones laid on lime. The height of the masonry is 2,60 m; the thickness is 0,50–0,60 m. There was once a sanctuary of Alkun. 0,5 km north-west of Upper Alkun is located a catacomb burial ground, dated to the 8–9th centuries AD. On the eastern outskirts of Upper Alkun, a drilled stone axe from the middle of the 2nd millennium BC was accidentally found.

Imperial Russian rule

The village has been indicated on maps since 1830. In 1860, the population of Alkun was evicted by the Russian authorities and their land was given to the 1st Sunzhensky Cossack Regiment, who established the Alkunsky post and Alkunovskaya stanitsa on the site of the former settlement. Cossacks lived here for several years; there were military Cossack posts on the southern outskirts of the village in two places. The Ingush were forced to rent land from the Cossacks settled on their lands. Until 1918, they paid rent to the Cossacks for their own lands.

In 1873, with the permission of the Russian authorities, the Alkun khutor (later the Lower Alkun) was established by settlers from the Khamkhin society of mountainous Ingushetia, and in 1874 the Serali Opiev's khutor (later Upper Alkun) was established by settlers from the village of Tsecha-Akhki [ru]. From 1871 to 1880 on the maps of the Caucasus and in the List of populated places of the Terek Oblast, Alkun is marked as the Alkun post; from 1886, Alkun is marked as the Alkun khutor. The farmstead was populated by Ingush families of Shadievs, Astimirovs, Arapkhanovs, Uruskhanovs, Dudarkievs, Nalgievs, Balaevs. The foreman of the village was Saadulla Koev. In 1890–91, there was a school, a mosque, a mill and a police post in the Alkun khutor.

Soviet rule

With the establishment of Soviet rule, Alkun was part of the Mountainous ASSR from 1921 to 1923, and it had a village council. From 1923 to 1934 the village was part of the Galashkinsky raion [ru] of the Ingush Autonomous Oblast; with the merging of Chechen and Ingush Autonomous Oblasts into Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Oblast (later the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) in 1934, Alkun was part of it. In 1944 the village's population like the whole Ingush and Chechen population of the Republic was deported to Central Asia and the Republic was dissolved. Upper Alkun was renamed as Dachnoye and Lower Alkun renamed as Lesogorye. After the restoration of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1957, the villages were renamed back to their original names, Lower and Upper Alkun.

Modern

In 1993, Alkun became part of Ingushetia and its administration was separated from Muzhichi. Its foreman was Magomed Khamkhoev. In accordance with the law of the Republic of Ingushetia of 2009 "On establishing the boundaries of municipalities and granting them the status of rural, urban settlements, municipal districts and urban districts", the rural settlement of Alkun was formed. In present day, the village is populated by Ingush families of Khamkhoy, Tsechoi, Yevloy, Khoaqoy, Barkhoy, Egakhoy, Ozdoy, Khoanoy, Goratoy, Barkinkhoy and Khoartoy.

Demographics

According to the Russian Empire census of 1897 the Alkun khutor contained 57 households with population of 377 (191 men and 186 women). The farmstead contained a mosque, two shops with manufactured goods and one with dairy goods; and the farmstead had a country road and a wheeled road. Sarali Opiev's khutor included 21 households with a population of 192 (91 men and 101 women). It also had a wheeled and country road. This situation remained until 1916.

According to the All-Union Census of 1926, the population of Lower Alkun was 322 (171 men and 151 women), for whom were intended 78 peasant farms, and it also had a village council; the population of Upper Alkun was 203 (104 men and 99 women), for whom were intended 36 peasant farms. There were no non-peasant farms in both settlements.

In the 1990s the population of the villages of Upper and Lower Alkun was 473, in addition to them, 119 refugees from Chechnya and 15 refugees from North Ossetia also lived there.

Infrastructure

The village has a secondary school named "Alkun municipal secondary school".

References

1. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
2. "Таблица 5. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, городских округов, муниципальных районов, муниципальных округов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов с населением 3000 человек и более". Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года
3. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
4. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
5. Zakon Respubliki Ingushetia ot 23 fevralya 2009 goda.
6. "Алкунская сельский округ (сельсовет)* (Сунженский район)" [Alkunskaya Rural District (village council)* (Sunzhensky District)]. www.ocato.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on February 28, 2018.
7. "Map of Chechnya and Ingushetia".(rar) (not earlier than 1995). Volume 8 MB
8. "Map of Chechnya and Ingushetia".(rar) (not earlier than 1995). Volume 8 MB
9. Dolgieva et al. 2023, p. 11.
10. Dolgieva et al. 2023, pp. 11–12.
11. ^ Dolgieva et al. 2023, p. 12.
12. Vinogradov & Markovin 1966, p. 49.
13. ^ Vinogradov & Markovin 1966, p. 50.
14. Markovin 1975, p. 120. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMarkovin1975 (help)
15. Vinogradov & Markovin 1966, p. 51.
16. ^ Dolgieva et al. 2023, p. 13.
17. Dolgieva et al. 2023, p. 14.
18. "СОШ с. Алкун" [SES v. Alkun]. www.k-agent.ru (in Russian).

Sources

Russian sources

• Dolgieva, Maryam; Agieva, Lemka; Dudarov, Abdul-Mazhit; Dzumatova, Zaret; Dzauriva, Tanzila; Kartoev, Magomet; Katieva, Madina (2023). "К истории некоторых населенных пунктов Ингушетии" [To the history of some settlements of Ingushetia]. Bulletin of the Ingush Research Institute of Humanities named after Ch. E. Akhriev (in Russian) (1): 10–25.
• Куркиев, А. С. (1979). Основные вопросы лексикологии ингушского языка [The main questions of the lexicology of the Ingush language] (in Russian). Грозный: Чеч.-Инг. кн. изд-во. pp. 1–254.
• Мальсагов, З. К. (1963). Оздоева, Ф. (ed.). Грамматика ингушского языка [Grammar of the Ingush language] (in Ingush and Russian). Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское Книжное Издательство. pp. 1–164.
• Мальсагова, Р. (2011-03-30). "Докку Умаров убит" [Dokku Umarov killed]. Кавказский Дневник. Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
• Vinogradov, Vitaly; Markovin, Vladimir (1966). Археологические памятники ЧИАССР (Материалы к археологической карте) [Archaeological monuments of the Chechen Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Material for the archaeological map)] (in Russian). Grozny: Checheno-Ingush Book Publishing House. pp. 1–150.
• "Закон Республики Ингушетия от 23 февраля 2009 года № 5-рз "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Республики Ингушетия и наделении их статусом сельского, городского поселения, муниципального района и городского округа"" [Law of the Republic of Ingushetia dated February 23, 2009 No. 5–section "On establishing the boundaries of municipalities of the Republic of Ingushetia and granting them the status of rural, urban settlements, municipal districts and urban districts"]. docs.cntd.ru (in Russian). 2009. Archived from the original on 2018-01-28. Retrieved 2015-03-17.

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• Rural localities in Ingushetia