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Mark Rutte
Rutte in 2023
Prime Minister of the Netherlands
Incumbent
Assumed office 14 October 2010
Monarchs	Beatrix Willem-Alexander
Deputy	See list Maxime Verhagen (2010–2012) Lodewijk Asscher (2012–2017) Hugo de Jonge (2017–2022) Kajsa Ollongren (2017–2022) Wopke Hoekstra (2022–2023) Carola Schouten (2017–present) Sigrid Kaag (2022–2024) Karien van Gennip (2023–present) Rob Jetten (2024–present)
Preceded by	Jan Peter Balkenende
Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
In office 31 May 2006 – 14 August 2023
Preceded by	Jozias van Aartsen
Succeeded by	Dilan Yeşilgöz
State Secretary for Education, Culture and Science
In office 17 June 2004 – 27 June 2006
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende
Preceded by	Annette Nijs
Succeeded by	Bruno Bruins
State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment
In office 22 July 2002 – 17 June 2004
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende
Preceded by	Hans Hoogervorst
Succeeded by	Henk van Hoof
Member of the House of Representatives
In office 31 March 2021 – 10 January 2022
In office 23 March 2017 – 26 October 2017
In office 20 September 2012 – 5 November 2012
In office 28 June 2006 – 14 October 2010
In office 30 January 2003 – 27 May 2003
Personal details
Born	(1967-02-14) 14 February 1967 (age 57) The Hague, Netherlands
Political party	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
Education	Leiden University (BA, MA)
Signature

This article is part of a series aboutMark Rutte
Political career Prime Minister (2010–2024) Party Leader of the VVD (2006–2023) 2006 party leadership election Secretary for Education, Culture and Science (2004–2006) Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment (2002–2004) Member of the House of Representatives 2006 general election Prime Minister of the Netherlands International trips First Ministry and term 2010 general election 2010 cabinet formation Rutte I Second Ministry and term 2012 general election Rutte II Association Agreement referendum Third Ministry and term 2017 general election 2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident 2017 cabinet formation Rutte III Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 Intelligence and Security Services referendum COVID-19 pandemic Frugal Four Fourth Ministry and term 2021 general election 2021–2022 cabinet formation Rutte IV Dutch childcare benefits scandal Nitrogen crisis in the Netherlands Affiliations People's Party for Freedom and Democracy Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy Media gallery
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Mark Rutte (Dutch: [ˈmɑr(ə)k ˈrʏtə] ; born 14 February 1967) is a Dutch politician who has served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands since 2010. He is currently acting in a demissionary capacity, scheduled to leave politics following the installation of the next cabinet after the 2023 general election. Rutte was the leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) from 2006 through 2023. On 2 August 2022 he became the longest-serving prime minister in the history of the Netherlands.

After embarking on a business management career working for Unilever, Rutte entered national politics in 2002 as a member of Jan Peter Balkenende's cabinets. Rutte won the 2006 VVD leadership election and led the party to victory in the 2010 general election. After lengthy coalition negotiations, he became prime minister of the Netherlands. He was the first liberal to be appointed prime minister in 92 years.

An impasse on budget negotiations led to his government's early collapse in April 2012, but the VVD's victory in the subsequent election allowed Rutte to return as prime minister to lead a coalition between the VVD and the Labour Party (PvdA), which became the first cabinet to see out a full four-year term since 1998. Though the VVD lost seats in the 2017 general election, it remained the largest party. After a record-length formation period, Rutte was appointed to lead a new coalition between the VVD, Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Democrats 66 (D66) and Christian Union (CU).

Though Rutte and his cabinet resigned in response to the childcare benefits scandal, the VVD won the 2021 general election. Rutte began his fourth term in 2022 after another record-length formation period. On 7 July 2023, he announced his government's resignation after his coalition failed to agree on how to handle increasing migration. His government has since taken on a caretaker role pending the formation of a new cabinet. Due to his ability to come out of political scandals with his reputation undamaged, Rutte has been referred to as "Teflon Mark".

Early life

Rutte was born in The Hague, in the province of South Holland, in a Dutch Reformed family. He is the youngest child of Izaäk Rutte (5 October 1909 – 22 April 1988), a merchant, and his second wife, Hermina Cornelia Dilling (13 November 1923 – 13 May 2020), a secretary. Izaäk Rutte worked for a trading company; first as an importer in the Dutch East Indies, later as a director in the Netherlands. His second wife was a sister of his first wife, Petronella Hermanna Dilling (17 March 1910 – 20 July 1945), who died while she and he were interned together in Tjideng, a prisoner-of-war camp in Batavia, now Jakarta, during World War II. Rutte has seven siblings as a result of his father's two marriages. One of his elder brothers died from AIDS in the 1980s. Rutte later described the deaths of his brother and his father as events that changed the course of his life.

Rutte attended the Maerlant Lyceum from 1979 until 1985, specialising in the arts. Although his original ambition was to attend a conservatory and become a concert pianist, he instead went to study history at Leiden University, where he obtained an MA degree in 1992. Rutte combined his studies with a position on the board of the Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy, the youth organisation of the VVD, of which he was the chair from 1988 to 1991.

After his studies Rutte entered the business world, working as a manager for Unilever and its food subsidiary Calvé. Until 1997, Rutte was part of the human resource department of Unilever, and played a leading role in several reorganisations. Between 1997 and 2000, Rutte was staff manager of Van den Bergh Nederland, a subsidiary of Unilever. In 2000, Rutte became a member of the Corporate Human Resources Group, and in 2002, he became human resource manager for IgloMora Groep, another subsidiary of Unilever.

Between 1993 and 1997, Rutte was a member of the national board of the VVD. Rutte also served as a member of the VVD candidate committee for the general election of 2002. Rutte was elected as Member of Parliament in 2003.

Political career

Rutte served as State Secretary (i.e. Deputy Minister) at the Social Affairs and Employment Ministry from 22 July 2002 to 17 June 2004 in the First and Second Balkenende cabinets. Rutte was responsible for fields including bijstand (municipal welfare) and arbeidsomstandigheden (Occupational safety and health). After the 2003 elections Rutte was briefly also a member of the House of Representatives, from 30 January to 27 May 2003.

In 2003, as State Secretary, Rutte advised municipalities to check, exceptionally, Somali residents for social assistance fraud, after some Somalis working in England were also found to receive social assistance benefits in the Netherlands. A Somali man entitled to benefits was stopped by social investigators and checked for fraud on the basis of his external characteristics, after which he refused the investigators access to his home. The Municipal Executive (College van burgemeester en wethouders) of Haarlem decided to withdraw the right of the man to social benefits. He disagreed with this and his appeal was upheld by the administrative judge. The court ruled that "an investigation aimed exclusively at persons of Somali descent is discriminatory" and contrary to the Constitution because this distinction is "discrimination based on race". Rutte rejected the criticism and stated that a change in the law would then be necessary to be able to combat targeted fraud.

Rutte later served as State Secretary for Higher Education and Science, within the Education, Culture and Science Ministry, replacing Annette Nijs, from 17 June 2004 to 27 June 2006, in the Second Balkenende cabinet. In office, Rutte showed particular interest in making the Dutch higher education system more competitive internationally, by trying to make it more market oriented (improving the position of students as consumers in the market for education). Rutte would have been succeeded by former The Hague alderman Bruno Bruins. Before Bruins could be sworn into office, the second Balkenende cabinet fell. In the subsequently formed Third Balkenende cabinet Bruins succeeded Rutte as State secretary.

Rutte resigned from his position in government in June 2006 to return to the House of Representatives, and he soon became the parliamentary leader of the VVD. Rutte became an important figure within the VVD leadership. Rutte was campaign manager for the 2006 municipal elections.

Party leadership election

After the resignation of Jozias van Aartsen, the VVD having lost in the 2006 Dutch municipal election, the party held an internal election for a new Lead Candidate, in which Rutte competed against Rita Verdonk and Jelleke Veenendaal. On 31 May 2006, it was announced that Mark Rutte would be the next lijsttrekker of the VVD. He was elected by 51.5% of party members. Rutte's candidacy was backed by the VVD leadership, including the party board, and many prominent politicians such as Frank de Grave, former minister of Defence, Ivo Opstelten, the mayor of Rotterdam and Ed Nijpels, the Queen's Commissioner of Friesland. The Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy, the VVD's youth wing, of which he had been chair, also backed him. During the elections he promised "to make the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy a party for everyone and not just of the elite". His youthful appearance has been likened to the successful former leader of the Labour Party, Wouter Bos.

Rutte said that the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party was a group that "the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy could do business with". He had also stated that with the social security ideas of the Labour Party, which he called too socialist, it was unlikely that the VVD would cooperate or form a coalition after the elections.

2006 general election

For the 2006 general election, the VVD campaign with Rutte as leader did not get off to a good start; he received criticism from within his own party. Rutte was said to be overshadowed by his own party members Rita Verdonk and Gerrit Zalm, as well as being unable to penetrate between Wouter Bos and Jan Peter Balkenende, who were generally seen as the prime candidates to become the next Prime Minister. On 27 November, it became known that Rita Verdonk, who generally held a more populist view on politics, managed to obtain more votes than Mark Rutte; he obtained 553,200 votes against Verdonk's 620,555. After repeated criticisms by Verdonk on VVD policy, Rutte expelled her from the party's parliamentary faction on 13 September 2007.

2010 general election

In the 2010 general election, Rutte was once again the lijsttrekker for the VVD. It won 31 seats to become the largest party in the House of Representatives for the first time ever. A long period of negotiations followed, with several personalities succeeding each other, being appointed by Queen Beatrix in order to find out what coalition could be formed. Efforts to form a broad spectrum coalition between the VVD, CDA and PvdA failed. Instead, the only possibility appeared to be a centre-right coalition of liberals and Christian Democrats (CDA), with the outside support of the Party for Freedom (PVV), led by Geert Wilders.

Prime Minister of the Netherlands

First term

After securing support for a coalition between the VVD and CDA, Rutte was appointed as formateur on 8 October 2010; Rutte announced his prospective cabinet, including Maxime Verhagen from the CDA as Deputy Prime Minister. On 14 October, Queen Beatrix formally invited Rutte to form a government, and later that day, Rutte presented his first cabinet to Parliament. The government was confirmed in office by a majority of one, and Rutte was sworn in as Prime Minister of the Netherlands, becoming the first Liberal to serve in the role since Pieter Cort van der Linden in 1918. He also became the second-youngest Prime Minister in Dutch history, after Ruud Lubbers.

After the victory at the 2011 provincial elections, the VVD secured its status as the lead party within the government. In March 2012, seeking to comply with European Union requirements to reduce the nation's deficit, Rutte began talks with his coalition partners on a budget which would cut 16 billion euros of spending. However, PVV leader Geert Wilders withdrew his party's informal support from the government on 21 April, stating that the proposed budget would hurt economic growth. This led to the early collapse of the government, and Rutte submitted his resignation to Queen Beatrix on the afternoon of 23 April. His government had lasted for 558 days, making it one of the shortest Dutch cabinets since World War II.

Second term

Ahead of the 2012 general election, Rutte was named the VVD's lijsttrekker for the third time. At the election in September, the VVD won an additional 10 seats, remaining the largest party in the House of Representatives; the CDA and PVV saw their number of seats fall significantly. The VVD quickly negotiated a coalition agreement with the Labour Party, and on 5 November 2012, the Second Rutte cabinet was confirmed by a vote in Parliament, seeing Rutte returned as Prime Minister of a VVD-PvdA coalition government.

In 2014, The Hague held a Group of Seven special meeting after the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 was shot down in Ukraine with 193 Dutch nationals aboard. During the municipal elections of 2014, the VVD finished third behind local parties and the CDA; at the European Parliament election the same year, it finished fourth. At the 2015 Dutch provincial elections, however, the VVD remained the largest party in the province's legislatures with about 15% of the vote, but lost 23 seats in the States-Provincial.

In April 2016, Rutte was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and President of the World Bank Group Jim Yong Kim to the High-Level Panel on Water. Co-chaired by Mauritius President Ameenah Gurib and Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, the joint United Nations-World Bank Group panel was set up to accelerate the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). That month also saw the 2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum, which resulted in a rejection. In November 2016 the House of Representatives approved by 132 votes against 18 a ban on the Islamic burqa in some public spaces including schools and hospitals, a bill supported by the VVD.

Rutte's second cabinet completed its full four-year term without collapsing or losing a vote of no confidence, becoming the first cabinet to do so since the First Kok cabinet from 1994 to 1998.

Third term

The VVD went into the 2017 general election with a small lead over the PVV in most opinion polls. Rutte was judged to have managed the 2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident well according to similar polling. While the VVD lost 8 seats in the general election, the PvdA lost 29, and these seats were split between a number of other parties, leaving the VVD the largest party in parliament for the third successive election. After holding coalition discussions, Rutte negotiated a grand coalition with the CDA, D66 and CU; he presented his third cabinet on 26 October 2017, and was sworn in as Prime Minister for a third term. The 225 days between the general election and the installation of the government was the longest such period in Dutch history.

The coalition agreement's plan to abolish the 15% dividend tax (providing the state €1.4 billion per year) proved highly unpopular, as it had not been mentioned in any party's program, and it later appeared that major Dutch companies like Shell and Unilever had secretly been lobbying for that measure.

In July 2018, Rutte became a topic in international news because of what was considered "typical Dutch bluntness", by interrupting and explicitly contradicting the American president Donald Trump during a meeting with the press at the Oval Office in the White House.

Rutte's third government provided materials to the Levant Front rebel group in Syria. In September 2018, the Dutch public prosecution department declared the Levant Front to be a "criminal organisation of terrorist intent", describing it as a "salafist and jihadistic" group that "strives for the setting up of the caliphate".

On 21 March 2018, the Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum was held. It resulted in a rejection. At the 2019 provincial elections, Rutte's VVD suffered a blow following the victory of right-wing populist newcomer Forum for Democracy (FvD).

During the negotiations for the COVID-19 recovery fund in the European Union, Rutte is considered the unofficial leader of the Frugal Four, demanding loans instead of grants and more conditions on them.

During a parliamentary debate on 9 September 2020, Rutte suggested that the EU could be dissolved and re-formed without Poland and Hungary, as he perceives these countries' governments to be dismantling the rule of law.

On 15 January 2021, the third Rutte cabinet collectively resigned after publications of research around the childcare subsidies scandal in the Netherlands. Rutte offered his resignation to the King, accepting responsibility for the scandal.

• Rutte with U.S. President Donald Trump in the Oval Office of the White House on 18 July 2019
• Rutte with Indonesian Minister of Public Works Basuki Hadimuljono showing off their Nokia phones in 2019

Fourth term

Following the 2021 Dutch general election, Rutte's VVD party held 34 of 150 seats and was expected to form a new coalition government. After remaining caretaker Prime Minister for the duration of the longest formation process in Dutch history, on 15 December 2021 he presented a coalition agreement with D66, CDA and CU, the same combination as his previous government.

A scandal during his fourth term was that it was found out that he had been wiping the majority of SMS text messages of his phone for years in violation of the archival law, personally judging which messages were to be archived and which messages were to be deleted. His excuse was that his phone memory filled up too quickly. This was not considered a plausible excuse by other ministers. This was also in violation of his campaign promise and coalition accords that stated they wished to restore peoples faith in politics, create a new governance culture and "improve the information provided to the house", that the archival law would be modernized and that information would be made available faster.

Different stances on immigration policy within his four-party coalition had existed since the coalition government was formed. VVD and CDA supported restrictions on immigration, while D66 and CU opposed them. In 7 July 2023, the parties failed for the last time to reach an agreement and decided unanimously that they could not remain together in the coalition. Immediately, Rutte offered the resignation of his government. The king asked that the prime minister and his government continue to carry out their duties in a caretaker capacity.

On 10 July 2023, Rutte announced his departure as political leader of the VVD and that he would leave politics when a new government took over.

In October 2023, he condemned the Hamas attack on Israel and expressed his support to Israel and its right to self-defense. On 23 October 2023, Rutte visited Israel to express solidarity with the country. He met Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Jerusalem. He rejected calls for a ceasefire in the 2023 Israel–Hamas war but supported "humanitarian pauses" to provide aid to civilians in the Gaza Strip.

Mark Rutte supports the the Israeli government during the Gaza–Israel conflict in 2023 and 2024, visiting Israel twice and conversing regularly with Benjamin Netanyahu. He authorized the delivery of parts and equipment for Israeli Air Force F-35 fighter jets, despite criticism of their possible use in bombing Palestinian civilians, and asked his Foreign Minister, Hanke Bruins Slot, not to vote for UN resolutions calling for a ceasefire. Several NGOs and senior officials, whose identities are not known, are challenging this support in court, arguing that the Dutch government may have been complicit in the massacre of civilians. They also suggest that Mark Rutte may have acted contrary to European regulations and the UN Arms Trade Treaty, in order to curry favor with the United States and secure the post of NATO Secretary General, which he publicly covets.

Early general elections were held on 22 November 2023. Rutte later became a candidate to succeed Jens Stoltenberg as Secretary General of NATO, and his bid received public support from the governments of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France in February 2024.

Honours

•  Australia: Honorary Companion of the Order of Australia (9 October 2019)
•  Belgium: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (28 November 2016)
•  France: Grand Officer of the Order of Legion of Honour (11 April 2023)
•  Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (20 December 2022)

Personal life

Rutte is single. He is a member of the Dutch Protestant Church. As of 2021, Rutte still taught social studies at the Johan de Witt College, a secondary school in The Hague. Rutte is known to be a big fan of the writing of Robert Caro, especially his 1974 book about Robert Moses, The Power Broker. He drives a Saab 9-3 estate. As of 2024, he has lived for several decades in an apartment in Benoordenhout, a neighbourhood of The Hague.

See also

• List of international prime ministerial trips made by Mark Rutte

References

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External links

• Mark Rutte, official government profile
• Appearances on C-SPAN

v t e Mark Rutte
42nd Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2010–2024)
Premiership	First Rutte cabinet Second Rutte cabinet Third Rutte cabinet Fourth Rutte cabinet International trips
Elections	2010 general election 2012 general election 2017 general election 2021 general election
Events	Dutch childcare benefits scandal 2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum 2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Affiliations	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) Frugal Four

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v t e Prime ministers of the Netherlands Schimmelpenninck De Kempenaer Thorbecke Van Hall Van der Brugghen Rochussen Van Hall Ja. Van Zuylen van Nijevelt Van Heemstra Thorbecke Fransen van de Putte Ju. Van Zuylen van Nijevelt Van Bosse Thorbecke De Vries J. Heemskerk Kappeyne van de Coppello Van Lynden van Sandenburg J. Heemskerk Mackay Van Tienhoven Roëll Pierson Kuyper De Meester T. Heemskerk Cort van der Linden Ruijs de Beerenbrouck Colijn De Geer Ruijs de Beerenbrouck Colijn De Geer Gerbrandy Schermerhorn Beel Drees Beel De Quay Marijnen Cals Zijlstra De Jong Biesheuvel Den Uyl Van Agt Lubbers Kok Balkenende Rutte Schoof List (education ◌ religion) v t e European Council List of meetings Parties represented 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 (January–April) 2004 (May–December) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 (January–June) 2013 (July–December) 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 António Costa, President (non-voting) Nehammer (AT) De Croo (BE) Glavchev (BG) Plenković (HR) Christodoulides (CY) Fiala (CZ) Frederiksen (DK) Michal (EE) Orpo (FI) Macron (FR) Scholz (DE) Mitsotakis (GR) Orbán (HU) Harris (IE) Meloni (IT) Siliņa (LV) Nausėda (LT) Frieden (LU) Abela (MT) Schoof (NL) Tusk (PL) Montenegro (PT) Iohannis (RO) Fico (SK) Golob (SI) Sánchez (ES) Kristersson (SE) von der Leyen, President of the Commission (non-voting) Kallas (High Representative) (present non-member, non-voting) Metsola (President of the Parliament) (partially attending, non-member, non-voting) European Union Portal v t e Leaders of NATO Secretary General: Rutte Rama De Croo Glavchev Trudeau Plenković Fiala Frederiksen Michal Orpo Macron Scholz Mitsotakis Orbán Kristrún Meloni Siliņa Nausėda Frieden Spajić Schoof Mickoski Støre Tusk Montenegro Iohannis Fico Golob Sánchez Kristersson Erdoğan Starmer Biden v t e Fourth Rutte cabinet (2022–2024) Ministers General Affairs Mark Rutte (2022–2024; Prime Minister) Interior and Kingdom Relations Hanke Bruins Slot (2022–2023) Hugo de Jonge (2023–2024) Foreign Affairs Wopke Hoekstra (2022–2023; Deputy Prime Minister) Hanke Bruins Slot (2023–2024) Finance Sigrid Kaag (2022–2024; Deputy Prime Minister) Steven van Weyenberg (2024) Justice and Security Dilan Yeşilgöz (2022–2024) Economic Affairs and Climate Policy Micky Adriaansens (2022–2024) Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality Henk Staghouwer (2022) Piet Adema (2022–2024) Defence Kajsa Ollongren (2022–2024) Health, Welfare and Sport Ernst Kuipers (2022–2024) Conny Helder (2024) Education, Culture and Science Robbert Dijkgraaf (2022–2024) Infrastructure and Water Management Mark Harbers (2022–2024) Social Affairs and Employment Karien van Gennip (2022–2024; Deputy Prime Minister 2023–2024) Ministers without portfolio Housing and Spatial Planning Hugo de Jonge (2022–2024) Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation Liesje Schreinemacher (2022–2023; 2024) Geoffrey van Leeuwen (2023–2024 ad interim) Legal Protection Franc Weerwind (2022–2024) Climate and Energy Policy Rob Jetten (2022–2024; Deputy Prime Minister 2024) Nature and Nitrogen Policy Christianne van der Wal (2022–2024) Long-term Care and Sport Conny Helder (2022–2024) Medical Care Pia Dijkstra (2024) Primary and Secondary Education Dennis Wiersma (2022–2023) Mariëlle Paul (2023–2024) Poverty Policy, Participation and Pensions Carola Schouten (2022–2024; Deputy Prime Minister) State Secretaries Kingdom Relations and Digitalisation Alexandra van Huffelen (2022–2024) Tax Affairs Marnix van Rij (2022–2024) Benefits and Customs Aukje de Vries (2022–2024) Asylum and Migration Policy Eric van der Burg (2022–2024) Extractive Industries Hans Vijlbrief (2022–2024) Defence Christophe van der Maat (2022–2024) Culture and Media Gunay Uslu (2022–2023) Steven van Weyenberg (2023–2024) Fleur Gräper (2024) Infrastructure and Water Management Vivianne Heijnen (2022–2024) Health, Welfare and Sport Maarten van Ooijen (2022–2024) Preceded by: Third Rutte cabinet Succeeded by: Schoof cabinet v t e Third Rutte cabinet (2017–2022) Ministers General Affairs Mark Rutte (2017–2022; Prime Minister) Interior and Kingdom Relations Kajsa Ollongren (2017–2019; Deputy Prime Minister) Raymond Knops (2019–2020 ad interim) Kajsa Ollongren (2020–2022; Deputy Prime Minister) Foreign Affairs Halbe Zijlstra (2017–2018) Sigrid Kaag (2018 ad interim) Stef Blok (2018–2021) Sigrid Kaag (2021) Tom de Bruijn (2021 ad interim) Ben Knapen (2021–2022) Finance Wopke Hoekstra (2017–2022) Justice and Security Ferdinand Grapperhaus (2017–2022) Economic Affairs and Climate Policy Eric Wiebes (2017–2021) Cora van Nieuwenhuizen (2021 ad interim) Bas van 't Wout (2021) Stef Blok (2021–2022) Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality Carola Schouten (2017–2022; Deputy Prime Minister) Defence Ank Bijleveld (2017–2021) Ferdinand Grapperhaus (2021 ad interim) Henk Kamp (2021–2022) Health, Welfare and Sport Hugo de Jonge (2017–2022; Deputy Prime Minister) Education, Culture and Science Ingrid van Engelshoven (2017–2022) Infrastructure and Water Management Cora van Nieuwenhuizen (2017–2021) Barbara Visser (2021–2022) Social Affairs and Employment Wouter Koolmees (2017–2022; Deputy Prime Minister 2019–2020 ad interim) Ministers without portfolio Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation Sigrid Kaag (2017–2021) Tom de Bruijn (2021–2022) Legal Protection Sander Dekker (2017–2022) Medical Care Bruno Bruins (2017–2020) Martin van Rijn (2020) Tamara van Ark (2020–2021) Primary and Secondary Education and Media Arie Slob (2017–2022) Environment and Housing Stientje van Veldhoven (2019–2020) State Secretaries Interior and Kingdom Relations Raymond Knops (2017–2022) Finance Menno Snel (2017–2019) Hans Vijlbrief (2020–2022) Alexandra van Huffelen (2020–2022) Justice and Security Mark Harbers (2017–2019) Ankie Broekers-Knol (2019–2022) Economic Affairs and Climate Policy Mona Keijzer (2017–2021) Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius (2021–2022) Defence Barbara Visser (2017–2021) Health, Welfare and Sport Paul Blokhuis (2017–2022) Infrastructure and Water Management Stientje van Veldhoven (2017–2019; 2020–2021) Steven van Weyenberg (2021–2022) Social Affairs and Employment Tamara van Ark (2017–2020) Bas van 't Wout (2020–2021) Dennis Wiersma (2021–2022) Preceded by: Second Rutte cabinet Succeeded by: Fourth Rutte cabinet v t e Second Rutte cabinet (2012–2017) Ministers General Affairs Mark Rutte (2012–2017; Prime Minister) Interior and Kingdom Relations Ronald Plasterk (2012–2016) Stef Blok (2016 ad interim) Ronald Plasterk (2016–2017) Foreign Affairs Frans Timmermans (2012–2014) Bert Koenders (2014–2017) Finance Jeroen Dijsselbloem (2012–2017) Security and Justice Ivo Opstelten (2012–2015) Stef Blok (2015 ad interim) Ard van der Steur (2015–2017) Stef Blok (2017) Economic Affairs Henk Kamp (2012–2017) Defence Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert (2012–2017) Klaas Dijkhoff (2017) Health, Welfare and Sport Edith Schippers (2012–2017) Education, Culture and Science Jet Bussemaker (2012–2017) Infrastructure and the Environment Melanie Schultz van Haegen (2012–2017) Social Affairs and Employment Lodewijk Asscher (2012–2017; Deputy Prime Minister) Ministers without portfolio Housing and the Central Government Sector Stef Blok (2012–2017) Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation Lilianne Ploumen (2012–2017) State Secretaries Finance Frans Weekers (2012–2014) Eric Wiebes (2014–2017) Security and Justice Fred Teeven (2012–2015) Klaas Dijkhoff (2015–2017) Economic Affairs Co Verdaas (2012) Sharon Dijksma (2012–2015) Martijn van Dam (2015–2017) Health, Welfare and Sport Martin van Rijn (2012–2017) Education, Culture and Science Sander Dekker (2012–2017) Infrastructure and the Environment Wilma Mansveld (2012–2015) Sharon Dijksma (2015–2017) Social Affairs and Employment Jetta Klijnsma (2012–2017) Preceded by: First Rutte cabinet Succeeded by: Third Rutte cabinet v t e First Rutte cabinet (2010–2012) Preceded by: Demissionary fourth Balkenende cabinet Succeeded by: Second Rutte cabinet Prime Minister Mark Rutte (General Affairs) Deputy Prime Minister Maxime Verhagen (Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation) Ministers Piet Hein Donner (Interior and Kingdom Relations) (2010–2011) Liesbeth Spies (Interior and Kingdom Relations) (from 2011) Uri Rosenthal (Foreign Affairs) Jan Kees de Jager (Finance) Ivo Opstelten (Security and Justice) Hans Hillen (Defence) Edith Schippers (Health, Welfare and Sport) Marja van Bijsterveldt (Education, Culture and Science) Melanie Schultz van Haegen (Infrastructure and the Environment) Henk Kamp (Social Affairs and Employment) Minister without portfolio Gerd Leers (Immigration, Integration and Asylum Affairs) State secretaries Ben Knapen (Foreign Affairs) Frans Weekers (Finance) Fred Teeven (Security and Justice) Henk Bleker (Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation) Marlies Veldhuijzen van Zanten (Health, Welfare and Sport) Halbe Zijlstra (Education, Culture and Science) Joop Atsma (Infrastructure and the Environment) Paul de Krom (Social Affairs and Employment) v t e Netherlands state secretaries for education Ministry of Education, Culture and Science Cals De Waal Höppener Stubenrouch Janssen Scholten Grosheide Van de Laar Schelfhout Klein Veerman De Jong Hermes Deetman Ginjaar-Maas Van Leijenhorst Wallage 't Veld Cohen Netelenbos Nuis Adelmund Van der Ploeg Nijs Van Leeuwen Van der Laan Rutte Bruins Van Bijsterveldt Dijksma Zijlstra Dekker Uslu Van Weyenberg Gräper Paul v t e State secretaries for social affairs of the Netherlands Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment Van Rhijn Muntendam Roolvink De Meijer Bartels Kruisinga Rietkerk Mertens De Graaf Dales d'Ancona Van Zeil De Graaf Kappeyne van de Coppello Ter Veld Wallage Linschoten De Grave Hoogervorst Verstand Rutte Bijlhout Phoa Van Hoof Aboutaleb Klijnsma De Krom Klijnsma Van Ark Van 't Wout Wiersma Nobel v t e Second Balkenende cabinet (2003–2006) Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende (General Affairs) Deputy Prime Ministers Gerrit Zalm (Finance) Thom de Graaf (Government Reform and Kingdom Relations) (2003–2005) Laurens Jan Brinkhorst (Economic Affairs) (2005–2006) Ministers Johan Remkes (Interior) Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (Foreign Affairs) (2003) Ben Bot (Foreign Affairs) (from 2003) Piet Hein Donner (Justice) Gerrit Zalm (Economic Affairs) (ad interim) Henk Kamp (Defence) Hans Hoogervorst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Maria van der Hoeven (Education, Culture and Science) Karla Peijs (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Cees Veerman (Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) Aart Jan de Geus (Social Affairs and Employment) Sybilla Dekker (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) Ministers without portfolio Rita Verdonk (Integration and Immigration) Agnes van Ardenne (Development Cooperation) Alexander Pechtold (Government Reform and Kingdom Relations) (2005–2006) State secretaries Atzo Nicolaï (Foreign Affairs) Joop Wijn (Finance) Karien van Gennip (Economic Affairs) Cees van der Knaap (Defence) Annette Nijs (Education, Culture and Science) (2003–2004) Medy van der Laan (Education, Culture and Science) Mark Rutte (Education, Culture and Science) (2004–2006) Bruno Bruins (Education, Culture and Science) (from 2006) Clémence Ross-van Dorp (Health, Welfare and Sport) Melanie Schultz van Haegen (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Mark Rutte (Social Affairs and Employment) (2003–2004) Henk van Hoof (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 2004) Pieter van Geel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) v t e First Balkenende cabinet (2002–2003) Preceded by: Second Kok cabinet Succeeded by: Second Balkenende cabinet Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende (General Affairs) Deputy Prime Ministers Eduard Bomhoff (Health, Welfare and Sport) (2002) Johan Remkes (Interior and Kingdom Relations) Roelf de Boer (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) (from 2002) Ministers Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (Foreign Affairs) Hans Hoogervorst (Finance) Piet Hein Donner (Justice) Herman Heinsbroek (Economic Affairs) (2002) Hans Hoogervorst (Economic Affairs) (from 2002) Benk Korthals (Defence) (2002) Henk Kamp (Defence) (from 2002) Maria van der Hoeven (Education, Culture and Science) Aart Jan de Geus (Health, Welfare and Sport) (from 2002) Cees Veerman (Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) Aart Jan de Geus (Social Affairs and Employment) Henk Kamp (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) Minister without portfolio Hilbrand Nawijn (Integration and Immigration) State secretaries Rob Hessing (Interior and Kingdom Relations) Atzo Nicolaï (Foreign Affairs) Agnes van Ardenne (Foreign Affairs) Steven van Eijck (Finance) Joop Wijn (Economic Affairs) Cees van der Knaap (Defence) Cees van Leeuwen (Education, Culture and Science) Annette Nijs (Education, Culture and Science) Clémence Ross-van Dorp (Health, Welfare and Sport) Melanie Schultz van Haegen (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Jan Odink (Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) Mark Rutte (Social Affairs and Employment) Philomena Bijlhout (Social Affairs and Employment) (22 July 2002) Khee Liang Phoa (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 2002) Pieter van Geel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) v t e Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2021–2023) House of Representatives 31 March 2021 – 5 December 2023 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD – 34) Hermans Aartsen ‹Van Ark› Becker Bevers Bijenhof Brekelmans Van Campen Ellian Erkens Grevink P. de Groot ‹Harbers› Haverkort Heerema Heinen Van den Hil ‹Idsinga› Kamminga Klink Koerhuis De Kort Michon Minhas ‹De Neef› ‹Paul› Rahimi Rajkowski Richardson ‹Rutte› C. Simons Smals Van Strien Strolenberg ‹Tellegen› Tielen Valstar Verkuijlen ‹De Vries› ‹Wiersma› ‹Van Wijngaarden› Van der Woude ‹Van 't Wout› El Yassini ‹Yeşilgöz-Zegerius› Democrats 66 (D66 – 24) Paternotte Belhaj Bergkamp (Speaker) ‹Van Beukering› Boucke Boulakjar Van Breugel Dekker-Abdulaziz Van Ginneken T. de Groot Hagen Hammelburg ‹Jetten› R. de Jong ‹Kaag› Kat Van der Laan ‹Van Meenen› Paulusma Podt Raemakers Sahla Sjoerdsma ‹Smeets› Sneller H. Teunissen ‹Vijlbrief› Warmerdam (Van der Werf) Van Weyenberg Wuite Party for Freedom (PVV – 16) Wilders Agema Beertema Bosma Van Dijck Fritsma De Graaf Graus L. de Jong Kops Madlener Maeijer Markuszower E. Mulder De Roon Van Weerdenburg Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA – 14) Bontenbal Amhaouch Van den Berg Boswijk Van den Brink I. van Dijk ‹Geurts› Heerma ‹Hoekstra› ‹Keijzer› ‹Knops› Krul Kuik ‹Van der Molen› ‹A. Mulder› Palland Peters Slootweg Vedder Werner Socialist Party (SP – 9) Marijnissen Alkaya Beckerman Dijk J. van Dijk ‹Futselaar› ‹Hijink› Van Kent Kwint ‹Leijten› Van Nispen Temmink Labour Party (PvdA – 9) Kuiken ‹Arib› Bushoff ‹G. van Dijk› De Hoop Kathmann Mutluer Nijboer Piri ‹Ploumen› Thijssen GroenLinks (GL – 8) Klaver Bouchallikht Bromet Ellemeet Kröger Van der Lee Maatoug ‹Snels› Westerveld Party for the Animals (PvdD – 6) Ouwehand ‹Akerboom› Van Esch Van Raan C. Teunissen Vestering Wassenberg Forum for Democracy (FVD – 5) Baudet ‹Dekker› Van Houwelingen Jansen Kerseboom Van Meijeren Christian Union (CU – 5) Bikker Ceder Drost Van der Graaf Grinwis ‹Schouten› ‹Segers› Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB – 4) Van der Plas Eppink Helder Pouw-Verweij Reformed Political Party (SGP – 3) Stoffer Bisschop Van der Staaij DENK (DENK – 3) Van Baarle Azarkan Kuzu Volt Netherlands (Volt – 2) Dassen ‹Boutkan› Koekkoek JA21 (JA21 – 1) Eerdmans ‹Goudzwaard› Den Haan Group (FDH – 1) Den Haan BIJ1 (BIJ1 – 1) S. Simons Van Haga Group (Indep. – 3) Van Haga Smolders Member Ephraim (Indep. – 1) Ephraim Member Gündoğan (Indep. – 1) Gündoğan Member Omtzigt (Indep. – 1) Omtzigt  Bold  indicates the parliamentary leader (first mentioned) and the Speaker;  (Brackets)  indicate a temporarily absent member;  Italics  indicate a temporary member;  ‹Guillemets›  indicate a member who has left the House of Representatives See also: Members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2019–2023 · Members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2023–2027 v t e Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2017–2021) House of Representatives 23 March 2017 – 31 March 2021 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD – 32) Dijkhoff ‹Van Ark› Aartsen ‹Azmani› Becker Bolkestein Van den Bosch Bosman ‹Ten Broeke› ‹Dekker› R. Dijkstra ‹Duisenberg› El Yassini Van Gent Harbers Heerema ‹Hennis-Plasschaert› Hermans Koerhuis Koopmans Laan-Geselschap ‹De Lange› Van der Linde Lodders Middendorp ‹A. Mulder› Nijkerken-de Haan ‹Van Oosten› Regterschot ‹A. Rutte› ‹M. Rutte› Smals Snoeren Tellegen Tielen Veldman ‹Visser› De Vries Weverling Wiersma Van Wijngaarden Wörsdörfer ‹Van 't Wout› Yeşilgöz-Zegerius Ziengs ‹Zijlstra› Party for Freedom (PVV – 20) Wilders Van Aalst Agema Beertema Bosma Van Dijck E. van Dijk Fritsma ‹Gerbrands› De Graaf Graus Helder Jansen De Jong Kops Madlener (Maeijer) Markuszower E. Mulder ‹Popken› De Roon De Vree Van Weerdenburg Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA – 19) Heerma Amhaouch Van den Anker Van den Berg ‹Bruins Slot› C. van Dam Geluk-Poortvliet Geurts ‹Van Haersma Buma› Van Helvert ‹Keijzer› ‹Knops› Kuik Von Martels Van der Molen A.H. Mulder Omtzigt Palland De Pater-Postma Peters ‹Rog› ‹Ronnes› Slootweg Terpstra Van Toorenburg Democrats 66 (D66 – 19) Jetten Belhaj Bergkamp Van Beukering ‹Den Boer› Bouali Diertens P. Dijkstra Van Eijs ‹Van Engelshoven› De Groot Groothuizen ‹Koolmees› Van Meenen Paternotte ‹Pechtold› Raemakers Schonis Sienot Sjoerdsma Sneller ‹Van Veldhoven› Verhoeven Van Weyenberg GroenLinks (GL – 14) Klaver Bromet Van den Berge Buitenweg ‹Diks› Ellemeet ‹Grashoff› Kröger Van der Lee Van den Nieuwenhuijzen Van Ojik ‹Özdil› Özütok Renkema Smeulders Snels ‹Van Tongeren› ‹Voortman› Westerveld Socialist Party (SP – 14) Marijnissen Alkaya Beckerman J. van Dijk Futselaar Van Gerven Hijink Karabulut Van Kent ‹Kooiman› Kwint Laçin Leijten Van Nispen Van Raak ‹Roemer› Labour Party (PvdA – 9) Ploumen Arib (Speaker) Asscher G. van Dijk ‹Dijksma› ‹Dijsselbloem› Van den Hul Kerstens Kuiken Moorlag Nijboer Christian Union (CU – 5) Segers Bruins Dik-Faber Van der Graaf ‹Schouten› Voordewind Party for the Animals (PvdD – 4) Ouwehand ‹Thieme› Van Esch Van Raan Wassenberg 50PLUS (50+ – 3) Van Brenk Van Otterloo ‹Van Rooijen› Sazias Reformed Political Party (SGP – 3) Van der Staaij Bisschop ‹Dijkgraaf› Stoffer DENK (DENK – 3) Azarkan Kuzu Öztürk Forum for Democracy (FVD – 2) Baudet Van Haga ‹Hiddema› (vacant) Member Krol (Indep. – 1) Krol Member Van Kooten-Arissen (Indep. – 1) Van Kooten-Arissen  Bold  indicates the parliamentary leader (first mentioned) and the Speaker;  (Brackets)  indicate a temporarily absent member;  Italics  indicate a temporary member;  ‹Guillemets›  indicate a member who has left the House of Representatives See also: Members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2015–2019 · 2019–2023 v t e Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2012–2017) House of Representatives 20 September 2012 – 23 March 2017 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD – 40) Zijlstra Van Ark Azmani Berckmoes-Duindam ‹Blok› De Boer Bosma Bosman Ten Broeke Van der Burg De Caluwé ‹Dijkhoff› R. Dijkstra Duisenberg Elias Geselschap Harbers Heerema ‹Hennis-Plasschaert› ‹Huizing› De Lange ‹Leegte› ‹De Liefde› Van der Linde ‹Litjens› Lodders ‹Lucas› Van Miltenburg (Speaker, 2012–15) Moors A. Mulder Neppérus ‹Van Nieuwenhuizen› Nijkerken-de Haan Van Oosten Potters Van der Ree A. Rutte ‹M. Rutte› ‹Schippers› Schut-Welkzijn ‹Van der Steur› Straus Taverne Teeven Tellegen ‹Van Veen› Veldman ‹Verheijen› Visser A. de Vries Vuijk ‹Weekers› Van Wijngaarden Van 't Wout Ziengs Labour Party (PvdA – 35) Kuiken Arib (Speaker, 2015–17) Asante ‹Bonis› Bouwmeester Brouwer Çegerek ‹Van Dam› Van Dekken ‹O. van Dijk› ‹Dijsselbloem› Dikkers Eijsink Fokke Groot Günal-Gezer ‹Hamer› ‹Heijnen› ‹Hilkens› Hoogland Jacobi ‹Jadnanansing› Kerstens ‹Klijnsma› Van Laar Leenders Maij Marcouch Mohandis Nijboer Oosenbrug ‹Plasterk› Recourt ‹Samsom› Servaes Tanamal ‹Timmermans› ‹Ünver› Van der Velde Vermeij Vermue Volp J. Vos M. Vos A.A. de Vries Wolbert Ypma Yücel Socialist Party (SP – 15) Roemer Bashir Van Bommel J. van Dijk Van Gerven Gesthuizen ‹Jansen› Karabulut Kooiman Leijten Merkies Van Nispen Van Raak Siderius Smaling ‹Smits› ‹Swinkels› Ulenbelt ‹De Wit› Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA – 13) Van Haersma Buma Amhaouch Bruins Slot Geurts Heerma Van Helvert ‹Van Hijum› Keijzer Knops A.H. Mulder Omtzigt ‹Oskam› Rog Ronnes ‹De Rouwe› Van Toorenburg Party for Freedom (PVV – 12) Wilders Agema Beertema Bosma Van Dijck Fritsma ‹Gerbrands› De Graaf Graus Helder Klever Madlener De Roon Democrats 66 (D66 – 12) Pechtold Belhaj Bergkamp ‹Berndsen› P. Dijkstra ‹Hachchi› Koolmees Koşer Kaya Van Meenen ‹Schouw› Sjoerdsma Swinkels Van Veldhoven Verhoeven Van Weyenberg Christian Union (CU – 5) Segers Bruins Dik-Faber Schouten ‹Slob› Voordewind GroenLinks (GL – 4) Klaver ‹Ellemeet› Grashoff ‹Van Ojik› ‹Sap› Van Tongeren Voortman Reformed Political Party (SGP – 3) Van der Staaij Bisschop Dijkgraaf Party for the Animals (PvdD – 2) Thieme Ouwehand ‹Wassenberg› 50PLUS (50+ – 1) Krol ‹Baay-Timmerman› Bontes/Van Klaveren Group (Indep. – 2) Bontes Van Klaveren Kuzu/Öztürk Group (Indep. – 2) Kuzu Öztürk Member Van Vliet (Indep. – 1) Van Vliet Member Klein (Indep. – 1) Klein Member Houwers (Indep. – 1) Houwers Member Monasch (Indep. – 1) Monasch  Abc  signifies the parliamentary leader (first mentioned) and the Speaker;  (Abc)  signifies a temporarily absent member;  Abc  signifies a temporary member;  ‹Abc›  signifies a member who prematurely left the House of Representatives See also: Members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2011–2015 · 2015–2019 v t e Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2010–2012) House of Representatives, 17 June 2010 – 19 September 2012 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (31) Blok Aptroot Van Ark Azmani Van Beek Berckmoes-Duindam De Boer Bosman Ten Broeke Van der Burg De Caluwé <Dezentjé Hamming-Bluemink> Dijkhoff Elias Harbers Hennis-Plasschaert Houwers Huizing <De Krom> Leegte De Liefde Lodders Lucas Van Miltenburg Mulder Neppérus <Nicolaï> Van Nieuwenhuizen <Rutte> Schaart <Schippers> Snijder-Hazelhoff Van der Steur Straus Taverne <Teeven> <Weekers> Ziengs <Zijlstra> Labour Party (30) Samsom Albayrak Arib Bouwmeester Çelik <Cohen> Van Dam Van Dekken Dijksma Dijsselbloem Dikkers Eijsink Groot Hamer Heijnen Hilkens Jacobi Jadnanansing Klijnsma <Kraneveldt> Kuiken De Lange <Leerdam> Marcouch Monasch Plasterk Recourt Smeets <Spekman> Timmermans Van der Veen Verbeet (Speaker) Vermeij Wolbert Christian Democratic Appeal (21) Van Haersma Buma <Atsma> <Bijleveld> <Bijsterveldt> Biskop Blanksma-van den Heuvel Van Bochove Bruins Slot Çörüz Ferrier Haverkamp Van Hijum Holtackers <De Jager> <Joldersma> <Klink> Knops Koopmans Koppejan Omtzigt Ormel De Rouwe Smilde Sterk Van Toorenburg Uitslag <Verburg> <Verhagen> Van der Werf Party for Freedom (20) Wilders Agema Beertema Van den Besselaar Bontes Bosma Van Dijck Dille Driessen Elissen Fritsma Gerbrands Graus Helder De Jong Van Klaveren Lucassen De Mos De Roon <Sharpe> Van Vliet Socialist Party (15) Roemer Bashir Van Bommel Van Dijk Van Gerven Gesthuizen Irrgang Jansen <Janssen> Karabulut Kooiman Leijten Van Raak Smits Ulenbelt De Wit Democrats 66 (10) Pechtold Berndsen Dijkstra Hachchi Van der Ham Koolmees Koşer Kaya Schouw Van Veldhoven Verhoeven GroenLinks (10) Sap <Van den Berge> Braakhuis Dibi El Fassed Van Gent Grashoff <Halsema> Klaver Peters Van Tongeren Voortman Christian Union (5) Slob Ortega <Rouvoet> Schouten Voordewind Wiegman Reformed Political Party (2) Van der Staaij Dijkgraaf Party for the Animals (2) Thieme <Hazekamp> Ouwehand Independents (4) Groep Kortenoeven/Hernandez Kortenoeven Hernandez Lid-Brinkman Brinkman Lid-Van Bemmel Van Bemmel See also: Members of the House of Representatives, 2006–2010, Members of the House of Representatives, 2012–2017, Members of the Senate, 2011–2015 v t e Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2006–2010) House of Representatives, 30 November 2006 – 16 June 2010 Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA – 41) Van Geel Aasted-Madsen Algra Atsma <Balkenende> Bilder Biskop Blanksma-Van den Heuvel Van Bochove <Van de Camp> Çörüz Van Dijk <Donner> Eski Ferrier <Van Gennip> Van Haersma Buma Haverkamp <Hessels> <Van Heugten> Van Hijum <Van der Hoeven> Ten Hoopen Jager Joldersma Jonker <Van der Knaap> Knops Koopmans Koppejan <Kortenhorst> Mastwijk de Nerée tot Babberich Omtzigt Ormel De Pater-Van der Meer Pieper De Rouwe Schermers Schinkelshoek Schreijer-Pierik Smilde Spies Sterk Van Toorenburg Uitslag <Verburg> <Verhagen> Vietsch De Vries Van Vroonhoven-Kok <Wijn> Willemse-Van der Ploeg Labour Party (PvdA – 33) Hamer Albayrak Arib Besselink Blom Boelhouwer <Bos> Bouchibti Bouwmeester <Bussemaker> <Crone> Van Dam <Depla> Van Dijken <Dijksma> Dijsselbloem Eijsink Gill'ard Heerts Heijnen Jacobi Kalma <Koenders> Kraneveldt Kuiken <Laaper> Leerdam Linhard Roefs Samsom Smeets Spekman Tang <Tichelaar> Timmer <Timmermans> Van der Veen Verbeet (Speaker) Vermeij Vos Waalkens Wolbert <Wolfson> <Yücel> Socialist Party (SP – 25) Kant <Abel> Bashir Van Bommel Van Dijk Gerkens Van Gerven Gesthuizen <Van Gijlswijk> Irrgang Jansen Karabulut Langkamp Van Leeuwen Leijten Lempens Luijben Marijnissen Polderman Poppe Van Raak Roemer De Rooij <De Roos> Smits Ulenbelt Van Velzen de Wit People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD – 21) Rutte Aptroot <Van Baalen> Van Beek Blok <Boekestijn> Ten Broeke Van der Burg Dezentjé Hamming-Bluemink <Elias> Griffith Harbers Kamp De Krom Meeuwis Van Miltenburg Neppérus Nicolaï Remkes Schippers Snijder-Hazelhoff Teeven Weekers Zijlstra Party for Freedom (PVV – 9) Wilders Agema Bosma Brinkman Van Dijck Fritsma Graus <Madlener> De Mos De Roon GroenLinks (GL – 7) Halsema Azough Dibi <Diks> <Duyvendak> Van Gent Peters Sap Vendrik Christian Union (CU – 6) Slob Anker Cramer <Huizinga> Ortega <Rouvoet> Voordewind Wiegman Democrats 66 (D66 – 3) Pechtold Van der Ham Kaya Party for the Animals (PvdD – 2) Thieme Ouwehand Reformed Political Party (SGP – 2) Van der Vlies Van der Staaij Independent (Lid-Verdonk – 1) Verdonk Underline signifies the parliamentary leader (first mentioned) and the Speaker Angle brackets signify a replacement member or a member who prematurely left this House of Representatives See also: Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, 2010–2012 v t e People's Party for Freedom and Democracy Leaders Oud Toxopeus Geertsema Wiegel Nijpels De Korte Voorhoeve Bolkestein Dijkstal Zalm Van Aartsen Rutte Yeşilgöz Chairs Stikker Oud Van der Pols Van Someren Korthals Altes Kamminga Ginjaar Van Leeuwen-Schut Hoekzema Eenhoorn Van Zanen Opstelten Korthals Keizer Van der Wal Hoes Wetzels Parliamentary leaders in the Senate Molenaar Van Riel Van Someren Zoutendijk Luteijn Korthals Altes Ginjaar Van den Broek-Laman Trip Rosenthal De Graaf Hermans Jorritsma Schippers Parliamentary leaders in the House of Representatives Oud Toxopeus Geertsema Toxopeus Geertsema Wiegel Rietkerk Wiegel Nijpels Voorhoeve Bolkestein Dijkstal Zalm Van Aartsen Van Beek Rutte Blok Rutte Zijlstra Rutte Zijlstra Dijkhoff Rutte Hermans Yeşilgöz Party organisations Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy Telders Foundation Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party Renew Europe Liberal International Leadership elections 2006

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