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| ⚫ | {{Short description|Species of flowering plants}} | ||
| '''''Veronica ciliolata''''', commonly known as '''ben lomond cushionplant'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis |url=https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/veronica-ciliolata-subsp-fiordensis/ |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=New Zealand Plant Conservation Network |language=en}}</ref> or '''snow hebe'''. It is a cushion-forming speceis found exclusively in high-elevation habitats of Australia and the South Island of New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meudt |first=Heidi M. |date=2008 |title=Taxonomic revision of Australasian snow hebes (Veronica, Plantaginaceae) |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb08034 |journal=Australian Systematic Botany |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=387 |doi=10.1071/sb08034 |issn=1030-1887}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ] | |||
| {{Use New Zealand English|date=March 2024}} | {{Use New Zealand English|date=March 2024}} | ||
| {{Speciesbox | {{Speciesbox | ||
| | name = Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis (Ashwin) Meudt | |||
| | image = Veronica ciliolata 283521268 bf7bb13a87 o.jpg | | image = Veronica ciliolata 283521268 bf7bb13a87 o.jpg | ||
| | status = |
| status = | ||
| | status_system = |
| status_system = | ||
| | status_ref = | |||
| | status_ref = https://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/18142-listing-advice.pdf | |||
| | genus = Veronica | | genus = Veronica | ||
| | species = ciliolata | | species = ciliolata | ||
| | authority = (Hook. |
| authority = (Hook.fil.) Cheeseman<ref name=GBIF>{{GBIF|title=''Veronica ciliolata'' (Hook.fil.) Cheeseman|id=8176834}}</ref> | ||
| | subdivision = fiordensis | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''''Veronica ciliolata''''', commonly known as the '''fringed speedwell''' or '''small speedwell''', is a species of ] native to New Zealand. It belongs to the family ] and is known for its delicate fringed ]s and compact growth habit. | |||
| == Description == | == Description == | ||
| ''Veronica ciliolata'' was first described by botanist Cheeseman, T.F. in 1906. It is a member of the '']'' ], which includes over 500 species distributed worldwide. The specific epithet "''ciliolata''" refers to the small ] or hairs present on the plant's leaves and stems. | |||
| Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis creates dense, compact clusters reaching 40 to 50 cm in width, adorned with petite white blossoms nestled among its pale green leaves. These clusters typically exhibit a tight, firm structure, standing 2 to 4 cm tall. Its leaves, which measure 2.5 to 4 mm in length and 1.5 to 2 mm in width, are arranged closely together, with a narrow-ovate to ovate-spathulate shape, and pointed tips. They are lined with fine hairs, particularly toward the base, although they may appear sparser near the tip except for a noticeable bunch at the apex. The calyx extends 3 to 4 mm and splits about two-thirds of the way down into 5 to 6 slender lobes, both the lobes and their edges are covered in hairs. The corolla, white in color, spans 6 to 7 mm with a tube longer than the calyx, and it sports 5 blunt lobes. Capsules are approximately 2 by 2 mm and can be smooth or hairy at the top.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Raven |first=Peter H. |date=December 1971 |title=Flora of New Zealand Volume II, by L. B. Moore and E. Edgar. Government Printer, Wellington, 1970. xl + 354 p. Price (N.Z.) $4.50 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825x.1971.10430240 |journal=New Zealand Journal of Botany |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=775–777 |doi=10.1080/0028825x.1971.10430240 |bibcode=1971NZJB....9..775R |issn=0028-825X}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=May 1961 |title=Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston, Tasmania |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/190677d0 |journal=Nature |volume=190 |issue=4777 |pages=677 |doi=10.1038/190677d0 |bibcode=1961Natur.190T.677. |issn=0028-0836}}</ref> | |||
| The species is characterized by its small, lobed leaves and slender stems, which bear clusters of tiny, pale blue flowers with fringed petals. The flowers bloom in spring and summer, attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Makar |first1=A. B. |last2=McMartin |first2=K. E. |last3=Palese |first3=M. |last4=Tephly |first4=T. R. |date=June 1975 |title=Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1 |journal=Biochemical Medicine |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=117–126 |doi=10.1016/0006-2944(75)90147-7 |issn=0006-2944 |pmid=1}}</ref> | |||
| == Habitat and distribution == | == Habitat and distribution == | ||
| ''Veronica ciliolata'' is ] to New Zealand, where it is found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, forests, and wetlands. It occurs throughout both the North and South Islands, often in moist, shaded areas with well-drained soils.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wiesmann |first1=U. N. |last2=DiDonato |first2=S. |last3=Herschkowitz |first3=N. N. |date=1975-10-27 |title=Effect of chloroquine on cultured fibroblasts: release of lysosomal hydrolases and inhibition of their uptake |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4 |journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |volume=66 |issue=4 |pages=1338–1343 |doi=10.1016/0006-291x(75)90506-9 |issn=1090-2104 |pmid=4}}</ref> | |||
| Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis is found in both New Zealand and Tasmania. In Tasmania, it is specifically known to inhabit Hamilton Crags on Ben Lomond (refer to Figure 1). Its total habitat area covers 3 to 4 hectares, with an extent of occurrence spanning 0.18 km2 and a linear range of 800 meters.<ref name=":0" /> Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis thrives in low, open alpine shrublands situated at altitudes ranging from 1470 to 1530 meters above sea level. This species typically grows in skeletal soils formed from Jurassic dolerite, as well as in rock crevices and between boulders where traditional soil is absent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rider |first=Toby C. |date=2017-04-20 |title=Sports Illustrated and the Melbourne Defection |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040238.003.0007 |journal=University of Illinois Press |volume=1 |doi=10.5406/illinois/9780252040238.003.0007}}</ref> | |||
| == Threats and conservation == | == Threats and conservation == | ||
| ''Veronica ciliolata'' plays a role in New Zealand's native ]s by providing ] and ] for pollinators and serving as a food source for herbivorous insects. However, like many native plant species in New Zealand, it faces threats from habitat loss, invasive species, and ]. | |||
| Threats to Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis encompass inappropriate development on the Ben Lomond plateau, climate change, and stochastic events. | |||
| '''Development proposals:''' Ben Lomond National Park holds significant importance as a vital sanctuary for preserving alpine flora communities; however, it also serves as the primary hub for downhill skiing activities in Tasmania. The species is situated on a rocky ridge located 200 to 300 meters east of a designated zone earmarked for ski field development. While there is a potential threat posed by expansions to the ski area and the accompanying slope maintenance, this risk is deemed improbable given projections of reduced snowfall in the future. Additionally, there have been discussions regarding the possibility of constructing mountain bike trails at Hamilton Crags, which, if materialized, could potentially impact the species at a local level. | |||
| '''Climate change:''' The shift toward a warmer climate could have negative impacts for Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis, potentially leading to the eventual reduction of its alpine habitat. | |||
| '''Stochastic events:''' The restricted range of Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis renders the species especially vulnerable to declines resulting from unpredictable events like droughts and outbreaks of pathogens.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Veronica cililolata subsp. fiordensis - Threatened Species Link |url=https://www.threatenedspecieslink.tas.gov.au/Pages/Veronica-cililolata-subsp-fiordensis.aspx |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=www.threatenedspecieslink.tas.gov.au}}</ref> | |||
| == Management strategy == | |||
| The primary aim of Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis recovery efforts is to prevent any decrease in the known population. | |||
| ] | |||
| Conservation efforts for ''Veronica ciliolata'' include habitat restoration, ] management, and public education initiatives to raise awareness about the importance of native plants in maintaining biodiversity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bose |first1=K. S. |last2=Sarma |first2=R. H. |date=1975-10-27 |title=Delineation of the intimate details of the backbone conformation of pyridine nucleotide coenzymes in aqueous solution |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2 |journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |volume=66 |issue=4 |pages=1173–1179 |doi=10.1016/0006-291x(75)90482-9 |issn=1090-2104 |pmid=2}}</ref> | |||
| * The regions where Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis is known to thrive have been incorporated into the 'natural zone' overseen by the Tasmanian Parks & Wildlife Service (PWS). According to PWS guidelines, infrastructure within the 'natural zone' above 1240 meters elevation is restricted to signage, designated walking paths, or cross-country skiing routes. <ref name=":1" /> | |||
| == Cultivation and horticulture == | |||
| * Surveys focusing on Veronica ciliolata subsp. fiordensis were carried out in December 2005 and January 2016, during which several monitoring transects were established in the latter period. | |||
| ''Veronica ciliolata'' is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes, valued for its delicate flowers and compact growth habit. It is suitable for rockeries, borders, and containers, preferring moist, well-drained soil and partial shade. | |||
| Cultivars and hybrids of ''Veronica ciliolata'' are available in the horticultural trade, offering a range of flower colours and growth habits for gardeners to choose from.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=R. J. |last2=Bryant |first2=R. G. |date=1975-10-27 |title=Metal substitutions incarbonic anhydrase: a halide ion probe study |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3 |journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |volume=66 |issue=4 |pages=1281–1286 |doi=10.1016/0006-291x(75)90498-2 |issn=0006-291X |pmid=3}}</ref> | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 12:15, 3 April 2024
Species of flowering plants
| Veronica ciliolata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Plantaginaceae |
| Genus: | Veronica |
| Species: | V. ciliolata |
| Binomial name | |
| Veronica ciliolata (Hook.fil.) Cheeseman | |
Veronica ciliolata, commonly known as the fringed speedwell or small speedwell, is a species of flowering plant native to New Zealand. It belongs to the family Plantaginaceae and is known for its delicate fringed petals and compact growth habit.
Description
Veronica ciliolata was first described by botanist Cheeseman, T.F. in 1906. It is a member of the Veronica genus, which includes over 500 species distributed worldwide. The specific epithet "ciliolata" refers to the small cilia or hairs present on the plant's leaves and stems.
The species is characterized by its small, lobed leaves and slender stems, which bear clusters of tiny, pale blue flowers with fringed petals. The flowers bloom in spring and summer, attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
Habitat and distribution
Veronica ciliolata is endemic to New Zealand, where it is found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, forests, and wetlands. It occurs throughout both the North and South Islands, often in moist, shaded areas with well-drained soils.
Threats and conservation
Veronica ciliolata plays a role in New Zealand's native ecosystems by providing nectar and pollen for pollinators and serving as a food source for herbivorous insects. However, like many native plant species in New Zealand, it faces threats from habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change.
Conservation efforts for Veronica ciliolata include habitat restoration, invasive species management, and public education initiatives to raise awareness about the importance of native plants in maintaining biodiversity.
Cultivation and horticulture
Veronica ciliolata is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes, valued for its delicate flowers and compact growth habit. It is suitable for rockeries, borders, and containers, preferring moist, well-drained soil and partial shade.
Cultivars and hybrids of Veronica ciliolata are available in the horticultural trade, offering a range of flower colours and growth habits for gardeners to choose from.
References
- "Veronica ciliolata (Hook.fil.) Cheeseman". Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
- Makar, A. B.; McMartin, K. E.; Palese, M.; Tephly, T. R. (June 1975). "Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning". Biochemical Medicine. 13 (2): 117–126. doi:10.1016/0006-2944(75)90147-7. ISSN 0006-2944. PMID 1.
- Wiesmann, U. N.; DiDonato, S.; Herschkowitz, N. N. (1975-10-27). "Effect of chloroquine on cultured fibroblasts: release of lysosomal hydrolases and inhibition of their uptake". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 66 (4): 1338–1343. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(75)90506-9. ISSN 1090-2104. PMID 4.
- Bose, K. S.; Sarma, R. H. (1975-10-27). "Delineation of the intimate details of the backbone conformation of pyridine nucleotide coenzymes in aqueous solution". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 66 (4): 1173–1179. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(75)90482-9. ISSN 1090-2104. PMID 2.
- Smith, R. J.; Bryant, R. G. (1975-10-27). "Metal substitutions incarbonic anhydrase: a halide ion probe study". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 66 (4): 1281–1286. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(75)90498-2. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 3.
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Veronica ciliolata | |