Arnold van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle: Difference between revisions

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	Handsome and engaging, he rivalled ] (whose jealousy he aroused in the royal favour), possessed William's full confidence, and accompanied him everywhere. In February 1702 William, then prostrated with his last illness, sent Albemarle to the Netherlands to arrange the coming campaign, and he only returned in time to receive William's last commissions on his deathbed,{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911\|pp=492–493}} including being entrusted with the king's private papers.<ref name=jesse/>		Handsome and engaging, he rivalled ] (whose jealousy he aroused in the royal favour), possessed William's full confidence, and accompanied him everywhere. In February 1702 William, then prostrated with his last illness, sent Albemarle to the Netherlands to arrange the coming campaign, and he only returned in time to receive William's last commissions on his deathbed,{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911\|pp=492–493}} including being entrusted with the king's private papers.<ref name=jesse/>

	After the death of William III, who bequeathed to him ]200,000 and the lordship of ],<ref>Ada Peele, Een uitzonderlijke erfgenaam: De verdeling van de nalatenschap van Koning-Stadhouder Willem III en een consequentie daarvan: Pruisisch heerlijk gezag in Hooge en Lage Zwaluwe, 1702-1754 (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013), pp. 53–54.</ref> Albemarle returned to the Netherlands, took his seat as a noble in the ], and became a general of ] in the Dutch army. He joined the forces of the allies in 1703 in the ], was present at the ] in 1706, and at ] in 1708, and distinguished himself at the ~~siege~~ of ]. He commanded at the siege of ] in 1710, led ]'s second line in 1711, and was general of the Dutch forces in 1712. As commander of the Dutch forces he successfully bombarded Arras and destroyed much of the French supplies there, but he was defeated at ] after the withdrawal of ] and the English forces and taken prisoner. He died on 30 May 1718, at the age of forty-eight.{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911\|p=493}}		After the death of William III, who bequeathed to him ]200,000 and the lordship of ],<ref>Ada Peele, Een uitzonderlijke erfgenaam: De verdeling van de nalatenschap van Koning-Stadhouder Willem III en een consequentie daarvan: Pruisisch heerlijk gezag in Hooge en Lage Zwaluwe, 1702-1754 (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013), pp. 53–54.</ref> Albemarle returned to the Netherlands, took his seat as a noble in the ], and became a general of ] in the Dutch army. He joined the forces of the allies in 1703 in the ], was present at the ] in 1706, and at ] in 1708, and distinguished himself at the ]. He commanded at the siege of ] in 1710, led ]'s second line in 1711, and was general of the Dutch forces in early 1712. As commander of the Dutch forces he successfully bombarded Arras and destroyed much of the French supplies there, but he was defeated at ] after the withdrawal of ] and the English forces and taken prisoner. He died on 30 May 1718, at the age of forty-eight.{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911\|p=493}}

	==Family==		==Family==

Revision as of 10:57, 19 April 2024

Dutch military leader

The Right Honourable The Earl of Albemarle
The Earl c. 1700.
Earl of Albemarle
Tenure	1697–1718
Predecessor	New creation
Successor	William van Keppel

Full name	Arnold Joost van Keppel
Baptised	30 January 1670 Zutphen, Dutch Republic
Died	30 May 1718(1718-05-30) (aged 48)
Noble family	De Voorst
Spouse(s)	Geertruid Johanna Quirina van der Duyn
Issue Detail	Willem van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle Sophia van Keppel
Father	Oswald van Keppel
Mother	Anna Geertruid van Lintelo

Military career
Allegiance	Dutch Republic
Years of service	1703–1718
Battles / wars	Nine Years' War War of the Spanish Succession Battle of Elixheim Battle of Ramillies Siege of Ostend Battle of Oudenarde Siege of Lille Siege of Tournai Malplaquet Siege of Aire Bombardment of Arras Battle of Denain

Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle, KG, and lord of De Voorst in Guelders (Gelderland) (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɔl coːst fɑŋ ˈkɛpəl]; baptised 30 January 1670 – 30 May 1718), was a Dutch military leader who fought for King William III of England and became the first Earl of Albemarle. He had a very close relationship with William and proved a very capable cavalry commander. In the latter stages of the War of the Spanish Succession he sometimes assumed Dutch supreme command in absence of the Count of Tilly.

Life

Arnold Joost van Keppel was born in the De Voorst country house near Zutphen in the Dutch Republic. Born in 1670 and was the heir of a junior branch of an ancient and noble family in Gelderland; the son of Oswald van Keppel and his wife Anna Geertruid van Lintelo. De Voorst is a large country house near Zutphen, financed by William III, and not unlike the royal palace Het Loo in Apeldoorn. He achieved fame and wealth as the right-hand man of William III of Orange. He became the page of honour to William III in his mid-teens, possibly as early as 1685. It has been claimed that he was William's lover, but no conclusive evidence has been discovered. Keppel accompanied William to England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.

While some have suggested their association began when Keppel was only 16, others argue a later date, possibly at the time of a hunting accident when he is said to have attracted the king's attention by his uncomplaining demeanour upon breaking a leg. Public commentary on the relationship intensified in 1692 when Keppel began to receive grants of land from the king. He became Groom of the Bedchamber and Master of the Robes in 1695. In 1696, he was created the Viscount Bury in Lancashire, and the Baron Ashford of Ashford, Kent. On 10 February 1697, William made Van Keppel the Earl of Albemarle. In 1699, he was awarded the command of the First Life Guards.

In 1700, William gave Albemarle extensive lands in Ireland, but Parliament obliged the king to cancel this grant. William instead granted him £50,000. The same year he was created a Knight of the Garter. He served both with the English and Dutch troops, was a major-general in 1697, colonel of several regiments and governor of 's-Hertogenbosch.

Handsome and engaging, he rivalled Portland (whose jealousy he aroused in the royal favour), possessed William's full confidence, and accompanied him everywhere. In February 1702 William, then prostrated with his last illness, sent Albemarle to the Netherlands to arrange the coming campaign, and he only returned in time to receive William's last commissions on his deathbed, including being entrusted with the king's private papers.

After the death of William III, who bequeathed to him ƒ200,000 and the lordship of Bredevoort, Albemarle returned to the Netherlands, took his seat as a noble in the States-General, and became a general of cavalry in the Dutch army. He joined the forces of the allies in 1703 in the War of Spanish Succession, was present at the Battle of Ramillies in 1706, and at Oudenaarde in 1708, and distinguished himself at the Siege of Lille. He commanded at the siege of Aire in 1710, led Marlborough's second line in 1711, and was general of the Dutch forces in early 1712. As commander of the Dutch forces he successfully bombarded Arras and destroyed much of the French supplies there, but he was defeated at Denain after the withdrawal of Ormonde and the English forces and taken prisoner. He died on 30 May 1718, at the age of forty-eight.

Family

Albemarle married Geertruid Johanna Quirina van der Duyn, daughter of Major General Scravenmore (an anglicisation of 's Gravenmoer) who served as an officer in the Danish Auxiliary Corps in the Williamite War in Ireland.

William Anne, who succeeded him as 2nd Earl of Albemarle. He married the granddaughter of Charles II of England.
Sophia (1716–1773), who married General John Thomas (son of Sir Edmond Thomas, 2nd Bt.). They had at least two sons. The younger son, Colonel Charles Nassau Thomas, became Vice-Chamberlain to George IV, when he was Prince of Wales and Prince Regent.

References

In isolation, Arnold, Joost and van are pronounced [ˈɑrnɔlt], [joːst] and [vɑn], respectively.
^ Chisholm 1911, p. 492.
Fifty years of my life By George Thomas Keppel Albemarle (Earl of); p. 303.
Mrs. Keppel and Her Daughter By Diana Souham; p. 19.
Royal mistresses By Charles Carlton; p. 93.
The Anglo-Dutch favourite By David Onnekink: p. 229.
Perilous enlightenment By George Sebastian Rousseau; p. 24.
^ Memoirs of the court of England from ... 1688 to the death of George the second By John Heneage Jesse; p. 235.
Chisholm 1911, pp. 492–493.
Ada Peele, Een uitzonderlijke erfgenaam: De verdeling van de nalatenschap van Koning-Stadhouder Willem III en een consequentie daarvan: Pruisisch heerlijk gezag in Hooge en Lage Zwaluwe, 1702-1754 (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013), pp. 53–54.
Chisholm 1911, p. 493.
"De Nederlandsche Leeuw, jaargang 4 (1886)". Koninklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslacht- en Wapenkunde (in Dutch). Retrieved 31 March 2023.
The Correspondence of Horace Walpole by Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford; p. 131.

Attribution:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Albemarle, Earls and Dukes of". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 492–493.
Edmund Lodge The Genealogy of the Existing British Peerage, 1859. at Google Books

Military offices
Preceded byThe Earl of Scarbrough	Captain and Colonel of His Majesty's Own Troop of Horse Guards 1699–1710	Succeeded byThe Earl of Portland
Court offices
Preceded byWilliam Nassau de Zuylestein	Master of the Robes 1695–1701	Succeeded byCornelius Nassau
Peerage of England
New creation	Earl of Albemarle 1697–1718	Succeeded byWilliam van Keppel

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