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Template:Linked-title is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). There are 255 days remaining.

Template:Linked-title is national cannabis day in the United States and Canada

Events

• 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII.
• 1534 - Jacques Cartier begins his voyage, in which he will discover Canada and Labrador.
• 1653 - Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament.
• 1657 - Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet under heavy fire at Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
• 1657 - Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City).
• 1689 - The former King James II of England, now deposed, lays siege to Derry.
• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: the siege of Boston begins, which followed the first battles at Lexington and Concord.
• 1792 - France declares war on Austria, the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars.
• 1810 - The Governors of Caracas declares the national sovereignty from Spain.
• 1836 - U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.
• 1862 - The first pasteurization test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard.
• 1871 - Civil Rights Act of 1871
• 1876 - The April Uprising breaks out in Bulgaria.
• 1884 - Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical, Humanum Genus..
• 1902 - Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride.
• 1908 - Opening day of competition of the New South Wales Rugby League.
• 1912 - Opening day for baseball stadiums Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan, and Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1914 - Seventeen men, women, and children die in the Ludlow Massacre during a bitter Colorado coal-miner's strike.
• 1918 - Manfred von Richthofen, aka The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims marking his final victories before his death the following day.
• 1926 - Western Electric and Warner Bros. announce Vitaphone, a process to add sound to film.
• 1928 - René Caillié is first non-Muslim to enter in Timbouctou.
• 1945 - World War II: US troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union.
• 1945 - World War II: U.S. B-29 bombers destroy the Musashi Aircraft plants. Halting production of the Nakajima Ki-84 fighter planes.

• 1960 - Inauguration of Brasilia.
• 1961 - Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US troops against Cuba.
• 1964 - BBC Two launches with the power cut because of the fire at Battersea Power Station.
• 1967 - A Swiss Britannia turboprop crashes at Toronto, Canada, killing 126.
• 1968 - A South African Airways Boeing 707 crashes during takeoff at Windhoek, South-West Africa, killing 122.
• 1968 - English politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial Rivers of Blood speech.
• 1972 - Apollo 16 lands on the Moon.
• 1978 - Korean Air Flight 902 shot down by Soviets.
• 1979 - Jimmy Carter's rabbit incident.
• 1985 - ATF raid on The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord compound in northern Arkansas.
• 1986 - Pianist Vladimir Horowitz performed in his native Russia for the first time in 61 years. The concert was viewed by millions on television.
• 1986 - Professional basketball player Michael Jordan sets all-time record for points in a NBA playoff game with 63 against the Boston Celtics.
• 1998 - TAME Boeing 727-200 chartered by Air France crashes into Cerro El Cable mountain after takeoff from Bogotá, Colombia, killing 53.
• 1998 - German terrorist group Red Army Faction announces their dissolution after 28 years.
• 1999 - Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 12 students and a teacher before killing themselves in the Columbine High School massacre.
• 1999 - Largest bombing of Kosovo by the United States in the Kosovo War.
• 2004 - In Iraq, 12 mortars are fired on Abu Ghraib Prison by insurgents, killing 22 detainees and wounding 92.
• 2007- The Virgina Tech shootings were committed by a currently-unidentified gunman on April 16, 2007, at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. Government officials, the university, and most news sources have confirmed 33 deaths (including the shooter),making it the deadliest shooting rampage in U.S. history.

Births

• 570 - Muhammed, founder of Islam (d. 632) (date disputed)
• 702 - Jafar Sadiq, Muslim scholar (d. 765)
• 1494 - Johannes Agricola, German Protestant reformer (d. 1566)
• 1586 - Saint Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (d. 1617)
• 1633 - Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (d. 1654)
• 1650 - William Bedloe, English informer (d. 1680)
• 1668 - Yuri Troubetzkoy, Governor of Belgorod (d. 1739)
• 1718 - David Brainerd, American missionary (d. 1747)
• 1723 - Cornelius Harnett, American delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1781)
• 1745 - Philippe Pinel, French physician (d. 1826)
• 1808 - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (d. 1873)
• 1818 - Heinrich Göbel, German-born inventor (d. 1893)
• 1850 - Daniel Chester French, American sculptor (d. 1931)
• 1851 - Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (d. 1875)
• 1870 - Maulvi Abdul Haq, Father of Urdu, Pakistani scholar (d.1961)
• 1879 - Paul Poiret, French couturier (d. 1944)
• 1882 - Holland Smith, U.S. General (d. 1967)
• 1889 - Albert Jean Amateau, Turkish-born businessman and social activist (d. 1996)
• 1889 - Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born dictator who ruled Nazi Germany during the Second World War (d. 1945)
• 1890 - Maurice Duplessis, premier of Québec, known as "Le Chef" (d. 1959)
• 1891 - Caresse Crosby, American poet (d. 1970)
• 1893 - Harold Lloyd, American actor (d. 1971)
• 1893 - Joan Miró, Catalan painter (d. 1983)
• 1895 - Emile Christian, American musician (d. 1973)
• 1896 - Wop May, Canadian aviator (d. 1952)
• 1904 - Bruce Cabot, American actor (d. 1972)
• 1904 - George Stibitz, American scientist (d. 1995)
• 1908 - Lionel Hampton, American musician (d. 2002)
• 1914 - Betty Lou Gerson, American actress (d. 1999)
• 1915 - Joseph Wolpe, South African-born psychotherapist (d. 1997)
• 1918 - Edward L. Beach, Jr., American naval officer, author (d. 2002)
• 1918 - Kai Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1920 - John Paul Stevens, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
• 1920 - Ronald Speirs, WWII Veteran
• 1921 - Janine Sutto, French Canadian actress
• 1923 - Mother Angelica, American nun and broadcaster
• 1923 - Tito Puente, American musician (d. 2000)
• 1924 - Leslie Phillips, English actor
• 1925 - Ernie Stautner, German-born American football player (d. 2006)
• 1927 - Karl Alexander Müller, Swiss physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1928 - Gerald S. Hawkins, English astronomer (d. 2003)
• 1937 - George Takei, American actor
• 1939 - Peter S. Beagle, American author
• 1939 - Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
• 1939 - Johnny Tillotson, American singer
• 1941 - Ryan O'Neal, American actor
• 1943 - John Eliot Gardiner, English conductor
• 1943 - Edie Sedgwick, American actress (d. 1971)
• 1945 - Michael Brandon, American actor
• 1945 - Steve Spurrier, American football player and coach
• 1946 - Julien Poulin, French Canadian actor
• 1947 - Björn Skifs, Swedish singer (Blue Swede)
• 1947 - Andrew Tobias, American journalist and author
• 1947 - David Leland, British actor, director and screenwriter
• 1948 - Craig Frost, American musician (Grand Funk & Bob Seger)
• 1948 - Adolf Lu Hitler Marak, Indian politician
• 1948 - Gregory Itzin, American actor
• 1948 - Rémy Trudel, French Canadian politician
• 1949 - Massimo D'Alema, Prime Minister of Italy
• 1949 - Toller Cranston, Canadian figure skater and artist
• 1949 - Jessica Lange, American actress
• 1950 - Veronica Cartwright, American actress
• 1950 - Steve Erickson, American novelist
• 1950 - Aleksandr Lebed, Russian general, politician (d. 2002)
• 1951 - Luther Vandross, American singer (d. 2005)
• 1954 - Gilles Lupien, French Canadian ice hockey player
• 1956 - Beatrice Ask, Swedish politician
• 1957 - Geraint Wyn Davies, American actor
• 1958 - Viacheslav Fetisov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1961 - Don Mattingly, American baseball player
• 1961 - Konstantin Lavronenko, Russian actor
• 1963 - Mauricio Gugelmin, Brazilian racing driver
• 1964 - Crispin Glover, American actor
• 1964 - Andy Serkis, English actor
• 1964 - Rosalynn Sumners, American figure skater
• 1965 - Ralph Cirella, stylist and friend of Howard Stern
• 1965 - Adrian Fernández, Mexican racing driver
• 1967 - Raymond van Barneveld, Dutch darts player
• 1967 - Mike Portnoy, American drummer (Dream Theater)
• 1967 - Lara Jill Miller, American actress
• 1970 - Regine Velasquez, Filipina singer and actress
• 1970 - Adriano Moraes, Brazilian rodeo performer
• 1971 - Carla Geurts, Dutch swimmer
• 1971 - Allan Houston, basketball player
• 1972 - Carmen Electra, American actress
• 1972 - Le Huynh Đuc, Vietnamese footballer
• 1972 - Stephen Marley, Jamaican musician
• 1976 - Joey Lawrence, American actor
• 1976 - Shay Given, Irish footballer
• 1977 - Johnny "The Bull" Stamboli, professional wrestler
• 1978 - Mirei Kuroda, Japanese gravure idol
• 1980 - Jasmin Wagner, German singer
• 1981 - Matus Valent, male fitness model
• 1985 - Tony Craig, English footballer

Deaths

• 1176 - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English soldier (b. 1130)
• 1314 - Pope Clement V (b. 1264)
• 1521 - Zhengde, Emperor of China (b. 1491)
• 1534 - Elizabeth Barton, English nun (executed)
• 1558 - Johannes Bugenhagen, German reformer (b. 1485)
• 1643 - Christoph Demantius, German composer (b. 1567)
• 1703 - Lancelot Addison, English royal chaplain (b. 1632)
• 1765 - Abigail Williams, American accuser in the Salem witch trials (b. 1674)
• 1769 - Pontiac, Chief of the Ottawa
• 1831 - John Abernethy, English surgeon (b. 1764)
• 1887 - Muhammad Sharif Pasha, Egyptian statesman (b. 1826)
• 1873 - William Tite, English architect (b. 1798)
• 1899 - Joseph Wolf, German artist (b. 1820)
• 1912 - Bram Stoker, Irish author (b. 1847)
• 1918 - Karl Ferdinand Braun, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1850)
• 1932 - Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician (b. 1858)
• 1947 - King Christian X of Denmark (b. 1870)
• 1951 - Ivanoe Bonomi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1873)
• 1964 - Eddie Dyer, baseball player (b. 1899)
• 1977 - Sepp Herberger, German football coach (b. 1897)
• 1982 - Archibald MacLeish, American poet and Librarian of Congress (b. 1892)
• 1984 - Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian mountaineer (b. 1943)
• 1986 - Sibte Hassan, Pakistani activist, journalist and writer (b. 1916)
• 1989 - Doru Davidovici, Romanian writer and Fighter Pilot (b. 1945)
• 1991 - Steve Marriott, British musician and actor (b. 1945)
• 1991 - Don Siegel, American film director (b. 1912)
• 1992 - Benny Hill, British comedian (b. 1924)
• 1993 - Cantinflas, Mexican comedian and actor (b. 1911)
• 1994 - Jean Carmet, French actor (b. 1920)
• 1996 - Christopher Robin Milne, son of A.A. Milne (b. 1920)
• 1999 - Victims of the Columbine High School massacre
• 1999 - Rick Rude, American professional wrestler (b. 1958)
• 1999 - Señor Wences, Spanish ventriloquist and comedian (b. 1896)
• 2001 - Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1946)
• 2002 - Alan Dale, American singer (b. 1925)
• 2003 - Ruth Hale, American playwright and actress (b. 1908)
• 2003 - Bernard Katz, German-born biophysicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1911)
• 2005 - Fumio Niwa, Japanese novelist (b. 1904)
• 2005 - Zygfryd Blaut, Polish football player (b. 1943)
• 2006 - Anna Svidersky, American murder victim (b. 1988)

Holidays and observances

• Ridván begins at sunset (Bahá'í Faith).
• Many cannabis users smoke marijuana on April 20th, in keeping with the expression four-twenty. This has become a way to protest for the legalization of marijuana use and posession.

Liturgical feasts

• Saint Marcellinus
• Saint Theotimus (died 407)
• Saint Victor (d. 303)
• Blessed Oda (d. 1158)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

• April