| Revision as of 12:52, 26 June 2024 editEdward Werner (talk | contribs)57 edits →Under HermesTags: Reverted Visual edit← Previous edit | Revision as of 01:23, 10 September 2024 edit undoThe Blade of the Northern Lights (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Autopatrolled, Oversighters, Administrators55,803 editsm Rv obvious username violation, if the edit is correct a legit editor can reinstate itTag: RollbackNext edit → | ||
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| | screenshot = Eudora mail screenshot.jpg | | screenshot = Eudora mail screenshot.jpg | ||
| | caption = Eudora 7.1.0.9 (released 2006) in Windows | | caption = Eudora 7.1.0.9 (released 2006) in Windows | ||
| | developer = Team HERMES | | developer = ] (formerly); ] (formerly); Team HERMES | ||
| ⚫ | | latest release version = 7.1 (Windows); 6.2.4 (Mac OS X); 6.1.1 (Mac OS 9) | ||
| '''Historically:''' | |||
| ]; ] | |||
| ⚫ | | latest release version = |
||
| | latest release date = 2004-05-18 (Mac OS 9); 2006-10-11 (Windows/Mac OS X) | | latest release date = 2004-05-18 (Mac OS 9); 2006-10-11 (Windows/Mac OS X) | ||
| | latest preview version = |
| latest preview version = | ||
| | latest preview date = | | latest preview date = | ||
| | operating system = ], ] | | operating system = ], ], ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.mozilla.org/Eudora_Releases|title=Eudora Releases|work=mozilla.org|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref> | ||
| | genre = ] | |||
| '''Historically:''' | |||
| ], ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.mozilla.org/Eudora_Releases|title=Eudora Releases|work=mozilla.org|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref> | |||
| | genre = ] (] and ] client) | |||
| | license = ];<br>earlier: ] (Eudora OSE), ], ], Light | | license = ];<br>earlier: ] (Eudora OSE), ], ], Light | ||
| | website = {{URL|http://www. |
| website = {{URL|http://www.computerhistory.org/_static/atchm/the-eudora-email-client-source-code/}} (preserved Eudora 7.1) | ||
| {{URL|http://www.igg.me/at/hermes80/}} (Eudoramail 8.0) | |||
| {{URL|http://www.computerhistory.org/_static/atchm/the-eudora-email-client-source-code/}} (preserved Eudora 7.1) | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Eudora''' {{IPAc-en|j|uː|ˈ|d|ɔər|ə}} is a family of ] that was used on the ], ], and ] ]s. It also supported several ] computing platforms, including ] and the ]. | '''Eudora''' {{IPAc-en|j|uː|ˈ|d|ɔər|ə}} is a family of ] that was used on the ], ], and ] ]s. It also supported several ] computing platforms, including ] and the ]. | ||
| The final Macintosh and Windows versions of Eudora, released in 2006, were succeeded by the ]-backed, ] ] (q.v.), built on an unrelated ] (viz. that of ]) with additional extensions. The first and last version of Eudora OSE was released in 2010 to negative reviews and lukewarm support; development subsequently ceased due to a lack of funding. | The final Macintosh and Windows versions of Eudora, released in 2006, were succeeded by the ]-backed, ] ] (q.v.), built on an unrelated ] (viz. that of ]) with additional extensions. The first and last version of Eudora OSE was released in 2010 to negative reviews and lukewarm support; development subsequently ceased due to a lack of funding. | ||
| The last 'mainline' (pre-OSE) versions of Eudora for Mac and Windows were ]d and ] as an ] by the ]<ref name="opensource">{{cite web |date=May 22, 2018 |title=The Eudora Email Client Source Code |url=http://www.computerhistory.org/_static/atchm/the-eudora-email-client-source-code/ |access-date=May 22, 2018 |work=www.computerhistory.org}}</ref> in 2018; as part of the preservation, the CHM assumed ownership of the Eudora trademark. | The last 'mainline' (pre-OSE) versions of Eudora for Mac and Windows were ]d and ] as an ] by the ]<ref name="opensource">{{cite web |date=May 22, 2018 |title=The Eudora Email Client Source Code |url=http://www.computerhistory.org/_static/atchm/the-eudora-email-client-source-code/ |access-date=May 22, 2018 |work=www.computerhistory.org}}</ref> in 2018; as part of the preservation, the CHM assumed ownership of the Eudora trademark. | ||
| The actively maintained version of the software, known as '''Eudoramail''' as of June 2024, originates from 'mainline' Eudora for Windows as preserved by the CHM. |
The actively maintained version of the software, known as '''Eudoramail''' as of June 2024, originates from 'mainline' Eudora for Windows as preserved by the CHM. Hermes, its current maintainers, describe Eudoramail 8.0 as currently being in alpha; Wellington typographer ], meanwhile, points out its stability, notwithstanding a number of well-characterised and reproducible display bugs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yan |first=Jack |date=2024-04-06 |title=Eudora users, welcome Aurora: finally, a modern, secure, Unicode-friendly successor |url=https://jackyan.com/blog/2024/03/eudora-users-welcome-aurora-finally-a-modern-secure-unicode-compliant-successor/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| === Pre-Qualcomm |
=== Pre-Qualcomm === | ||
| Eudora was developed in 1988 by ], who worked at the Computer Services Organization of the ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://groups.google.com/group/comp.archives/msg/e3bcb4c240c5827e?dmode=source&hl=en|title=<nowiki></nowiki> Re: PopMail+GatorBox+MacTCP|date=July 3, 1990|publisher=comp.archives}} USENET posting with Steve Dorner's announcement of Eudora.</ref> The software was named after American author ], because of her short story "]";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://art-bin.com/art/or_weltypostoff.html|title=Eudora Welty: Why I Live at the P.O.|work=art-bin.com|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref><ref> (Internet Archive copy)</ref> Dorner rearranged the title to form the slogan "Bringing the P.O. to Where You Live" for his software.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/012197eudora.html |title=For Inventor of Eudora, Great Fame, No Fortune|last=Thomas|first=Jo|date=January 21, 1997|work=]|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref> Although he regretted naming it after the still-living author because he thought doing so was "presumptuous", Welty was reportedly "pleased and amused" by Dorner's tribute.<ref name="NYT" /> This original, UIUC incarnation of Eudora was compatible with ] only<ref name=":0">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF_HxakQuXU |title=Eudora Interview with Steve, John and Jeff |date=2021-02-27 |last=Dr R. Yeap |access-date=2024-06-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref>. | Eudora was developed in 1988 by ], who worked at the Computer Services Organization of the ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://groups.google.com/group/comp.archives/msg/e3bcb4c240c5827e?dmode=source&hl=en|title=<nowiki></nowiki> Re: PopMail+GatorBox+MacTCP|date=July 3, 1990|publisher=comp.archives}} USENET posting with Steve Dorner's announcement of Eudora.</ref> The software was named after American author ], because of her short story "]";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://art-bin.com/art/or_weltypostoff.html|title=Eudora Welty: Why I Live at the P.O.|work=art-bin.com|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref><ref> (Internet Archive copy)</ref> Dorner rearranged the title to form the slogan "Bringing the P.O. to Where You Live" for his software.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/012197eudora.html |title=For Inventor of Eudora, Great Fame, No Fortune|last=Thomas|first=Jo|date=January 21, 1997|work=]|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref> Although he regretted naming it after the still-living author because he thought doing so was "presumptuous", Welty was reportedly "pleased and amused" by Dorner's tribute.<ref name="NYT" /> This original, UIUC incarnation of Eudora was compatible with ] only<ref name=":0">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF_HxakQuXU |title=Eudora Interview with Steve, John and Jeff |date=2021-02-27 |last=Dr R. Yeap |access-date=2024-06-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref>. | ||
| === The Qualcomm years |
=== The Qualcomm years === | ||
| Eudora was acquired by ] in 1991. Qualcomm produced a visually and functionally similar ], though the resemblance was merely superficial. Until the birth-''cum''-death of Eudora OSE, the Mac and Windows programs were developed by different teams at Qualcomm, in different programming languages (] and ]), and had different milestones.<ref name="opensource" /> | Eudora was acquired by ] in 1991. Qualcomm produced a visually and functionally similar ], though the resemblance was merely superficial. Until the birth-''cum''-death of Eudora OSE, the Mac and Windows programs were developed by different teams at Qualcomm, in different programming languages (] and ]), and had different milestones.<ref name="opensource" /> | ||
| The software was originally distributed free of charge; in response to management pressure<ref name=":0" />, Eudora was later commercialized and offered as a Light (]) and Pro (commercial) product. Between 2003 and 2006 the full-featured Pro version was also available as a "Sponsored mode" (]) distribution. | The software was originally distributed free of charge; in response to management pressure<ref name=":0" />, Eudora was later commercialized and offered as a Light (]) and Pro (commercial) product. Between 2003 and 2006 the full-featured Pro version was also available as a "Sponsored mode" (]) distribution. | ||
| In 1995, in response to the rise of ] services, Qualcomm licensed the Eudora trademark to WhoWhere? (later acquired by ]); this service operated until 2006, when the eudoramail.com domain ceased accepting new accounts and existing accounts were reintegrated into Lycos Mail |
In 1995, in response to the rise of ] services, Qualcomm licensed the Eudora trademark to WhoWhere? (later acquired by ]); this service operated until 2006, when the eudoramail.com domain ceased accepting new accounts and existing accounts were reintegrated into Lycos Mail. | ||
| In 2006, Qualcomm ceased development of the commercial version and sponsored the creation of a new open-source version based on ], code-named Penelope, later renamed to ]. Development of the open-source version stopped in 2010 and was officially ] in 2013, with users advised to switch to the current version of Thunderbird. | |||
| ⚫ | === |
||
| Rather than devote continued resources to the development of a ] product,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF_HxakQuXU |title=Eudora Interview with Steve, John and Jeff |date=2021-02-27 |last=Dr R. Yeap |access-date=2024-06-26 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-28 |title=Eudora History: Email for a Different Era |url=https://tedium.co/2017/09/28/eudora-email-history/ |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=Tedium: The Dull Side of the Internet. |language=en}}</ref> Qualcomm instead sponsored the creation of a new open-source version based on ], code-named Penelope, later renamed to ]. Development of the open-source version stopped in 2010 and was officially ] in 2013, with users advised to switch to the current version of Thunderbird. | |||
| ⚫ | === Source code release === | ||
| On May 22, 2018, after five years of discussion with Qualcomm, the ] acquired full ownership of the ], the Eudora trademarks, copyrights, and domain names. The transfer agreement from Qualcomm also allowed the Computer History Museum to publish the source code under the ] ]. The Eudora source code distributed by the Computer History Museum is the same except for the addition of the new license, sanitization of "bad words" found mostly in comment sections of the code |
On May 22, 2018, after five years of discussion with Qualcomm, the ] acquired full ownership of the ], the Eudora trademarks, copyrights, and domain names. The transfer agreement from Qualcomm also allowed the Computer History Museum to publish the source code under the ] ]. The Eudora source code distributed by the Computer History Museum is the same except for the addition of the new license, sanitization of "bad words" found mostly in comment sections of the code and the removal of third-party software that neither the museum nor Qualcomm had the right to distribute.<ref name="opensource" /> | ||
| === Under Hermes === | === Under Hermes === | ||
| In 2018, a "small team" started working on repairing Eudora to update it for modern use, using crowd funding to facilitate their effort, at the time branded as Hermes Mail.{{CN|date=April 2023}} | |||
| Initial focus was "a 'software bridge' to mediate between QUALCOMM Eudora 7 for Windows and modern OpenSSL" in response to the ] vulnerability and resulted in the release of updated ] ].{{CN|date=April 2023}} | |||
| ==== Pre-production (2018-2022) ==== | |||
| In August 2018, a "small team" started working on patching the ] in the Eudora code, in order to render it usable on modern systems. According to the initial posting on the eudora-win<ref group="Note">This mailing list, run by the Clio ListMoms Cartel, is the ''de facto'' peer support forum for all versions of Eudora for Windows and Eudoramail. It is subscribed to by sending a blank e-mail to the address with the word "Gazelle" in the subject line.</ref> mailing list, the intent was to decouple entirely from Stingray Desktop, a proprietary library designed for constructing ] under Windows. Originally, Stingray Desktop was known as Objective Toolkit and was developed by Stingray Software (which was acquired on March 3, 1998 by ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-03-03 |title=ROGUE WAVE COMPLETES STINGRAY ACQUISITION FOR $21M - Tech Monitor |url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/rogue_wave_completes_stingray_acquisition_for_21m |access-date=2024-06-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>); as of 2024, it is produced by ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GUI Development Tools For Windows {{!}} Stingray Studio {{!}} Perforce |url=https://www.perforce.com/products/stingray |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=www.perforce.com}}</ref>. The rationale was that this would allow the mail client (named simply "Hermes Mail" at the time) to be fully open source. | |||
| Likewise, Eudora for Windows 7.1.0.9 (the final version released by Qualcomm) leveraged ] ] as its ] (i.e. ] renderer), a software component deprecated by Microsoft in favour of ] as of 2018; the latter would be superseded in turn by ]. Replacing Trident was part of the project's strategy at the outset and, as of June 2024, remains so (see "Features", ''infra''). | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| Finally, Eudora 7.1.0.9 and earlier predated the ] vulnerability and thus refused to negotiate securely using ] with servers that implemented the security patch; they also did not include a modern ] store. Therefore, some users had resorted to tunnelling with ] as a workaround<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eudora 7.1: why do I have this strange problem with Certificate? |url=https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mail.eudora.ms-windows/c/tnxazSGW_BY |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=groups.google.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=HERMES Mail / Discussion / General Discussion: To those having TLS/SSL issues...try Stunnel |url=https://sourceforge.net/p/hermesmail/discussion/general/thread/64adf95237/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=sourceforge.net}}</ref> while others simply trusted the offending certificates manually<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eudora and SSL Certificate Failures {{!}} Lomcevak |url=https://blog.timeoff.org/rick/2015/01/07/eudora-and-ssl-certificate-failures/comment-page-1/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=blog.timeoff.org}}</ref>. | |||
| ⚫ | Under Qualcomm management, Eudora for Windows never implemented support for ] and was hardcoded to declare every email sent as encoded ], regardless of the actual content, and displayed every incoming email using the system encoding (one of the Windows encodings, depending on the language version of the system). | ||
| It was determined that the three former problems had to be remedied in the ] code of the mail client itself, but that the latter could be patched by replacing two ] and the root-certificate store. Accordingly, pre-production of the mail client (which underwent a rebrand, first from "Hermes Mail" to the project codename "Aurora", and subsequently to "Eudoramail") involved the release of the so-called "HERMES SSL Extensions", also under an ] licence. | |||
| This created problems for users corresponding in languages other than Western European ones and, later on, for everybody as ] became more and more popular. | |||
| ==== Production and pre-release (2022-) ==== | |||
| == Features == | == Features == | ||
Revision as of 01:23, 10 September 2024
 | This is the user sandbox of Edward Werner. A user sandbox is a subpage of the user's user page. It serves as a testing spot and page development space for the user and is not an encyclopedia article. Create or edit your own sandbox here. Other sandboxes: Main sandbox | Template sandbox Finished writing a draft article? Are you ready to request review of it by an experienced editor for possible inclusion in Misplaced Pages? Submit your draft for review! |
 Eudora 7.1.0.9 (released 2006) in Windows | |
| Developer(s) | UIUC (formerly); Qualcomm (formerly); Team HERMES |
|---|---|
| Stable release | 7.1 (Windows); 6.2.4 (Mac OS X); 6.1.1 (Mac OS 9) / 2004-05-18 (Mac OS 9); 2006-10-11 (Windows/Mac OS X) |
| Operating system | Windows, Classic Mac OS, Mac OS X, Linux |
| Type | |
| License | BSD License; earlier: Free software (Eudora OSE), Adware, payware, Light |
| Website | www |
Eudora /juːˈdɔːrə/ is a family of email clients that was used on the classic Mac OS, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows operating systems. It also supported several palmtop computing platforms, including Newton and the Palm OS.
The final Macintosh and Windows versions of Eudora, released in 2006, were succeeded by the Qualcomm-backed, cross-platform Eudora OSE (q.v.), built on an unrelated codebase (viz. that of Mozilla Thunderbird) with additional extensions. The first and last version of Eudora OSE was released in 2010 to negative reviews and lukewarm support; development subsequently ceased due to a lack of funding.
The last 'mainline' (pre-OSE) versions of Eudora for Mac and Windows were open-sourced and preserved as an artefact by the Computer History Museum in 2018; as part of the preservation, the CHM assumed ownership of the Eudora trademark.
The actively maintained version of the software, known as Eudoramail as of June 2024, originates from 'mainline' Eudora for Windows as preserved by the CHM. Hermes, its current maintainers, describe Eudoramail 8.0 as currently being in alpha; Wellington typographer Jack Yan, meanwhile, points out its stability, notwithstanding a number of well-characterised and reproducible display bugs.
History
Pre-Qualcomm
Eudora was developed in 1988 by Steve Dorner, who worked at the Computer Services Organization of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. The software was named after American author Eudora Welty, because of her short story "Why I Live at the P.O."; Dorner rearranged the title to form the slogan "Bringing the P.O. to Where You Live" for his software. Although he regretted naming it after the still-living author because he thought doing so was "presumptuous", Welty was reportedly "pleased and amused" by Dorner's tribute. This original, UIUC incarnation of Eudora was compatible with Classic Mac OS only.
The Qualcomm years
Eudora was acquired by Qualcomm in 1991. Qualcomm produced a visually and functionally similar analogue, though the resemblance was merely superficial. Until the birth-cum-death of Eudora OSE, the Mac and Windows programs were developed by different teams at Qualcomm, in different programming languages (C and C++), and had different milestones.
The software was originally distributed free of charge; in response to management pressure, Eudora was later commercialized and offered as a Light (freeware) and Pro (commercial) product. Between 2003 and 2006 the full-featured Pro version was also available as a "Sponsored mode" (adware) distribution.
In 1995, in response to the rise of webmail services, Qualcomm licensed the Eudora trademark to WhoWhere? (later acquired by Lycos); this service operated until 2006, when the eudoramail.com domain ceased accepting new accounts and existing accounts were reintegrated into Lycos Mail.
In 2006, Qualcomm ceased development of the commercial version and sponsored the creation of a new open-source version based on Mozilla Thunderbird, code-named Penelope, later renamed to Eudora OSE. Development of the open-source version stopped in 2010 and was officially deprecated in 2013, with users advised to switch to the current version of Thunderbird.
Source code release
On May 22, 2018, after five years of discussion with Qualcomm, the Computer History Museum acquired full ownership of the source code, the Eudora trademarks, copyrights, and domain names. The transfer agreement from Qualcomm also allowed the Computer History Museum to publish the source code under the BSD open source license. The Eudora source code distributed by the Computer History Museum is the same except for the addition of the new license, sanitization of "bad words" found mostly in comment sections of the code and the removal of third-party software that neither the museum nor Qualcomm had the right to distribute.
Under Hermes
In 2018, a "small team" started working on repairing Eudora to update it for modern use, using crowd funding to facilitate their effort, at the time branded as Hermes Mail.
Initial focus was "a 'software bridge' to mediate between QUALCOMM Eudora 7 for Windows and modern OpenSSL" in response to the Heartbleed vulnerability and resulted in the release of updated cryptographic DLL files.
Under Qualcomm management, Eudora for Windows never implemented support for character encoding and was hardcoded to declare every email sent as encoded iso-8859-1, regardless of the actual content, and displayed every incoming email using the system encoding (one of the Windows encodings, depending on the language version of the system).
This created problems for users corresponding in languages other than Western European ones and, later on, for everybody as UTF-8 became more and more popular.
Features
Eudora 6.0.1 added support for Bayesian filtering of spam with a feature called SpamWatch. Eudora 6.2 added a scam watch feature that flags suspicious links within emails in an attempt to thwart phishing. Eudora 7.0 added ultra-fast search, which finds any emails using single or multiple criteria in seconds.
Eudora has support for "stationery", a standard message or reply prepared ahead of time to a common question. Eudora stores emails in a modified mbox format (*.mbx), which uses plain text files instead of a database as Microsoft Outlook does. This allows the user to back up portions of their email correspondence without backing up the entire database.
Eudora supports the POP3, IMAP and SMTP protocols. Eudora also has support for SSL and, in Windows, S/MIME authentication, allowing users to sign or encrypt email communications for greatest security.
Eudora is noteworthy for its extensive variety of settings to customize its behavior, many of which are not available in the user interface but are accessed using x-eudora-setting URIs that must be pasted into a message and clicked.
Third-Party Plugins
At least two third-party plugins exist that can convert characters that also exist in iso-8859-1, and it's also possible to run it with "Mime-proxy", but depending on a specific user's needs and due in part to the internal limitations of Eudora they may only offer a partial solution.
See also
References
- "Eudora Releases". mozilla.org. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ "The Eudora Email Client Source Code". www.computerhistory.org. May 22, 2018. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- Yan, Jack (April 6, 2024). "Eudora users, welcome Aurora: finally, a modern, secure, Unicode-friendly successor". Retrieved June 17, 2024.
- " Re: PopMail+GatorBox+MacTCP". comp.archives. July 3, 1990. USENET posting with Steve Dorner's announcement of Eudora.
- "Eudora Welty: Why I Live at the P.O." art-bin.com. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- Eudora Background Documents (Internet Archive copy)
- ^ Thomas, Jo (January 21, 1997). "For Inventor of Eudora, Great Fame, No Fortune". The New York Times. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ Dr R. Yeap (February 27, 2021). Eudora Interview with Steve, John and Jeff. Retrieved June 16, 2024 – via YouTube.
- X-Eudora-Settings URIs (Internet Archive copy)
- "UTF8ISO for Eudora - English documentation". windharp.de. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- "Greek Message Viewer". www.drivehq.com. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
External links
- Classic Eudora – latest copy available at the Wayback Machine (archived August 23, 2014)
- Pandora Mail, an e-mail client intended to replicate the functionality of Eudora
- Hermes Messenger - open source fork of Eudora
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