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	'''Jamshid Sharmahd''' ({{lang-fa\|جمشید شارمهد}}; 23 March 1955 – 28 October 2024) was a German and Iranian journalist and software engineer.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Iranian Rapper Toomaj Salehi Sentenced to Death for Songs Critical of Government \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/toomaj-salehi-iranian-rapper-sentenced-to-death-protest-music-1235011381/ \|date=26 April 2024 \|access-date=26 April 2024 \|website=] \|language=de-EN}}</ref>		'''Jamshid Sharmahd''' ({{lang-fa\|جمشید شارمهد}}; 23 March 1955 – 28 October 2024) was a German and Iranian journalist and software engineer.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Iranian Rapper Toomaj Salehi Sentenced to Death for Songs Critical of Government \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/toomaj-salehi-iranian-rapper-sentenced-to-death-protest-music-1235011381/ \|date=26 April 2024 \|access-date=26 April 2024 \|website=] \|language=de-EN}}</ref>

	A permanent resident of the United States from 2003, Sharmahd had been targeted by the Iranian government for his connections to ], an Iranian opposition movement. Since his ~~arresting~~ by Iranian agents in 2020, Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement by Iran in a ]. In a 2023 trial condemned by ], the ], and the ], Sharmahd was sentenced to death.		A permanent resident of the United States from 2003, Sharmahd had been targeted by the Iranian government for his connections to ], an Iranian opposition movement. Since his arrest by Iranian agents in 2020, Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement by Iran in a ]. In a 2023 trial condemned by ], the ], and the ], Sharmahd was sentenced to death.

	Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement until his execution in 2024.<ref name="DW">{{cite news \|title=Iran executes German-Iranian Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-executes-german-iranian-jamshid-sharmahd/a-70622205 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=DW \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>		Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement until his execution in 2024.<ref name="DW">{{cite news \|title=Iran executes German-Iranian Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-executes-german-iranian-jamshid-sharmahd/a-70622205 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=DW \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>
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	In 2007, a "massive cyber attack" publicly exposed his contributions to the website of ],<ref>{{Cite news \|title=One Year After Abduction, Jamshid Sharmahd's Family Vows to Fight On \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/70111/ \|first=Hannah \|last=Somerville \|date=19 November 2021 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=IranWire {{!}} خانه \|language=en}}</ref> a news platform and opposition movement viewed by Iran as a ].<ref name=":1"/> This led to targeted harassment and assassination attempts against him by the Iranian government.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news \|last=Audi \|first=Tamara \|date=10 May 2010 \|title=U.S.-Iran Feud Hits L.A. \|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704866204575224170226999284 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The Wall Street Journal \|language=en-US \|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> In 2009, agents of the Islamic regime of Iran attempted an assassination of Sharmahd in ], which was foiled by U.S. officials. This information was made public by a ].<ref>{{Cite news \|date=21 February 2011 \|title=Wikileaks unveils assassination attempt by Islamic Republic of Iran \|language=en-US \|work=CNN \|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTqAFva4nMw}}</ref> Sharmahd helped operate Tondar's Los{{Nbsp}}Angeles-based television and radio programming,<ref name=":1"/> and operated a satellite radio station accessible in Iran.<ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last=O'Callaghan \|first=Laura \|date=18 January 2023 \|title=Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us' \|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/2023/01/18/fears-for-german-man-on-death-row-in-iran-as-his-us-family-says-biden-is-failing-us/ \|website=The National News}}</ref>		In 2007, a "massive cyber attack" publicly exposed his contributions to the website of ],<ref>{{Cite news \|title=One Year After Abduction, Jamshid Sharmahd's Family Vows to Fight On \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/70111/ \|first=Hannah \|last=Somerville \|date=19 November 2021 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=IranWire {{!}} خانه \|language=en}}</ref> a news platform and opposition movement viewed by Iran as a ].<ref name=":1"/> This led to targeted harassment and assassination attempts against him by the Iranian government.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news \|last=Audi \|first=Tamara \|date=10 May 2010 \|title=U.S.-Iran Feud Hits L.A. \|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704866204575224170226999284 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The Wall Street Journal \|language=en-US \|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> In 2009, agents of the Islamic regime of Iran attempted an assassination of Sharmahd in ], which was foiled by U.S. officials. This information was made public by a ].<ref>{{Cite news \|date=21 February 2011 \|title=Wikileaks unveils assassination attempt by Islamic Republic of Iran \|language=en-US \|work=CNN \|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTqAFva4nMw}}</ref> Sharmahd helped operate Tondar's Los{{Nbsp}}Angeles-based television and radio programming,<ref name=":1"/> and operated a satellite radio station accessible in Iran.<ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last=O'Callaghan \|first=Laura \|date=18 January 2023 \|title=Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us' \|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/2023/01/18/fears-for-german-man-on-death-row-in-iran-as-his-us-family-says-biden-is-failing-us/ \|website=The National News}}</ref>

	=== ~~Arresting~~ ===		=== Arrest ===
	In late July 2020, secret agents from Iran's ] arrested Sharmahd in Dubai, taking him to Iran.<ref name="jpost1">{{Cite web \|first=Benjamin \|last=Weinthal \|title='Death sentence certain' for German-Iranian journalist \|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/iran-news/article-712881 \|access-date=25 July 2022 \|date=25 July 2022\|website=Jerusalem Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Halpern \|first=Sam \|title=Kidnapped German-Iranian journalist Jamshid Sharmahd to be executed \|url=https://www.jpost.com/international/article-732368 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Jerusalem Post\|date=22 February 2023 }}</ref> The Iranian government alleged that Sharmahd was responsible for a ] on a mosque in ] that killed 14 people and injured 200. However, the regime-controlled media outlet ] quoted the ] in 2008 as saying, "The explosion of a bomb or any explosion carried out by opposition elements, be they internal or foreign, is ruled out. The blast was caused by some munitions used in an exhibition for the ] martyrs in the mosque."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Weinthal \|first=Benjamin \|date=19 July 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/california-man-faces-execution-iran-being-journalist \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref> ] stated that "Mr. Sharmahd is being deprived of his liberty as a result of exercising the right to freedom of opinion and expression."<ref>{{Cite web \|date=31 August 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref>		In late July 2020, secret agents from Iran's ] arrested Sharmahd in Dubai, taking him to Iran.<ref name="jpost1">{{Cite web \|first=Benjamin \|last=Weinthal \|title='Death sentence certain' for German-Iranian journalist \|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/iran-news/article-712881 \|access-date=25 July 2022 \|date=25 July 2022\|website=Jerusalem Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Halpern \|first=Sam \|title=Kidnapped German-Iranian journalist Jamshid Sharmahd to be executed \|url=https://www.jpost.com/international/article-732368 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Jerusalem Post\|date=22 February 2023 }}</ref> The Iranian government alleged that Sharmahd was responsible for a ] on a mosque in ] that killed 14 people and injured 200. However, the regime-controlled media outlet ] quoted the ] in 2008 as saying, "The explosion of a bomb or any explosion carried out by opposition elements, be they internal or foreign, is ruled out. The blast was caused by some munitions used in an exhibition for the ] martyrs in the mosque."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Weinthal \|first=Benjamin \|date=19 July 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/california-man-faces-execution-iran-being-journalist \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref> ] stated that "Mr. Sharmahd is being deprived of his liberty as a result of exercising the right to freedom of opinion and expression."<ref>{{Cite web \|date=31 August 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref>
	Sharmahd and his family denied all charges.<ref>{{cite news \|last=OstanWire \|date=26 July 2022 \|title=Abducted Californian Jamshid Sharmahd Denies Charges in Final Court Hearing in Iran \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/prisoners/106052-abducted-california-resident-jamshid-sharmahd-denies-charges-in-final-court-hearing/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vahdat \|first1=Amir \|last2=Gambrell \|first2=Jon \|name-list-style=and \|date=2 August 2020 \|title=Iran says it detains leader of California-based exile group \|url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-iran-iran-nuclear-ca-state-wire-middle-east-d1ba8de31d40362ecb5e5f8f4d0be4b5 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last=Gambrell \|first=Jon \|date=4 August 2020 \|title=Family tells AP: Iran abducted California man while in Dubai \|url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-dubai-ap-top-news-iran-ca-state-wire-2ba6f187105566ccc06ef2b5f9e5490e \|work=]}}</ref> Sharmahd's abduction was one of a series of ~~arrestings~~ carried out by the government of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Borger \|first=Julian \|date=14 July 2021 \|title=Iran 'spies' charged in plot to kidnap US journalist and speed her to Venezuela \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/13/iran-intelligence-officer-kidnap-plot-us-journalist \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=] \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=16 December 2020 \|title=Why Iran abducted and hanged Ruhollah Zam \|url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/16/why-iran-abducted-and-hanged-ruhollah-zam \|url-access=registration \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|newspaper=The Economist \|issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Azizi \|first=Arash \|date=12 January 2021 \|title=Opinion {{!}} Why Is Iran Kidnapping and Executing Dissidents? \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/opinion/iran-kidnap-execute-dissidents.html \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The New York Times \|language=en-US \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>		Sharmahd and his family denied all charges.<ref>{{cite news \|last=OstanWire \|date=26 July 2022 \|title=Abducted Californian Jamshid Sharmahd Denies Charges in Final Court Hearing in Iran \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/prisoners/106052-abducted-california-resident-jamshid-sharmahd-denies-charges-in-final-court-hearing/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vahdat \|first1=Amir \|last2=Gambrell \|first2=Jon \|name-list-style=and \|date=2 August 2020 \|title=Iran says it detains leader of California-based exile group \|url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-iran-iran-nuclear-ca-state-wire-middle-east-d1ba8de31d40362ecb5e5f8f4d0be4b5 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last=Gambrell \|first=Jon \|date=4 August 2020 \|title=Family tells AP: Iran abducted California man while in Dubai \|url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-dubai-ap-top-news-iran-ca-state-wire-2ba6f187105566ccc06ef2b5f9e5490e \|work=]}}</ref> Sharmahd's abduction was one of a series of arrests carried out by the government of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Borger \|first=Julian \|date=14 July 2021 \|title=Iran 'spies' charged in plot to kidnap US journalist and speed her to Venezuela \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/13/iran-intelligence-officer-kidnap-plot-us-journalist \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=] \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=16 December 2020 \|title=Why Iran abducted and hanged Ruhollah Zam \|url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/16/why-iran-abducted-and-hanged-ruhollah-zam \|url-access=registration \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|newspaper=The Economist \|issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Azizi \|first=Arash \|date=12 January 2021 \|title=Opinion {{!}} Why Is Iran Kidnapping and Executing Dissidents? \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/opinion/iran-kidnap-execute-dissidents.html \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The New York Times \|language=en-US \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

	In February 2023, Sharmahd was sentenced to death by a ] in Tehran under charges of "]" following a "grossly unfair trial", as described by ].<ref>{{Cite web \|first=David \|last=Gritten \|title=Iran sentences German-Iranian dissident to death \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64718416 \|access-date=23 March 2023 \|date=21 February 2022\|website=BBC News \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=3 April 2023 \|title=Tortured German-Iranian sentenced to death: Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/6642/2023/en/ \|access-date=3 April 2023 \|website=Amnesty International \|language=en}}</ref> He was repeatedly denied access to the German consulate and access to trials.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gritten \|first=David \|date=22 February 2023 \|title=Germany expels 2 Iranian diplomats over death sentence \|url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-politics-government-bdd70470b62de3476f3a55a20ef51025 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Associated Press News \|language=en}}</ref> German Minister for Foreign Affairs ] said Sharmahd "never had even the semblance of a fair trial."<ref name=":0"/> In response to the sentence, Germany expelled two Iranian diplomats.<ref name=":0">{{cite web \| url=https://www.voanews.com/a/germany-expels-iranian-diplomats-in-response-to-death-sentence-for-german-citizen-/6973747.html \|title=Germany Expels Iranian Diplomats in Response to Death Sentence for German Citizen \|date=22 February 2023 \|access-date=23 February 2023 \|work=Voice of America News }}</ref>		In February 2023, Sharmahd was sentenced to death by a ] in Tehran under charges of "]" following a "grossly unfair trial", as described by ].<ref>{{Cite web \|first=David \|last=Gritten \|title=Iran sentences German-Iranian dissident to death \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64718416 \|access-date=23 March 2023 \|date=21 February 2022\|website=BBC News \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=3 April 2023 \|title=Tortured German-Iranian sentenced to death: Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/6642/2023/en/ \|access-date=3 April 2023 \|website=Amnesty International \|language=en}}</ref> He was repeatedly denied access to the German consulate and access to trials.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gritten \|first=David \|date=22 February 2023 \|title=Germany expels 2 Iranian diplomats over death sentence \|url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-politics-government-bdd70470b62de3476f3a55a20ef51025 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Associated Press News \|language=en}}</ref> German Minister for Foreign Affairs ] said Sharmahd "never had even the semblance of a fair trial."<ref name=":0"/> In response to the sentence, Germany expelled two Iranian diplomats.<ref name=":0">{{cite web \| url=https://www.voanews.com/a/germany-expels-iranian-diplomats-in-response-to-death-sentence-for-german-citizen-/6973747.html \|title=Germany Expels Iranian Diplomats in Response to Death Sentence for German Citizen \|date=22 February 2023 \|access-date=23 February 2023 \|work=Voice of America News }}</ref>

	In 2022, the ] (WGAD) released a 13-page document confirming Sharmahd's ~~arresting~~, ], human rights violations, and torture.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \| title=Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-third session 30 March–8 April 2022 \| date=31 August 2022 \| work=Working Group on Arbitrary Detention }}</ref> In January 2023, ], the chairman of the ] parliamentary group, took over the political sponsorship for Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.cducsu.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/friedrich-merz-uebernimmt-politische-patenschaft-fuer-den-inhaftierten-deutsch-iraner-jamshid-sharmahd \|title=Friedrich Merz übernimmt politische Patenschaft für den inhaftierten Deutsch-Iraner Jamshid Sharmahd \|date=9 January 2023 \|work=CDU/CSU }}</ref> Merz attempted to travel to Iran to verify the health of Sharmahd, but Iranian authorities denied him a visa. Merz repeatedly demanded the unconditional release of Sharmahd and "expects the German government to significantly step up its efforts to release Jamshid Sharmahd."<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/friedrich-merz-fordert-freilassung-von-jamshid-sharmahd-aus-iranischer-haft-IKACDP64NJACJCDCW5ZOGY4RIM.html \|title=Friedrich Merz fordert Freilassung von Jamshid Sharmahd aus iranischer Haft \|date=18 July 2023 \|work=RND }}</ref> In April 2023, the ] publicly condemned the death sentence of Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/04/28/iran-statement-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-eu-on-the-confirmation-of-the-death-sentence-against-jamshid-sharmahd-by-iranian-court/ \|title=Iran: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the confirmation of the death sentence against Jamshid Sharmahd by Iranian court \|date=23 April 2023 \|work=European Council }}</ref>		In 2022, the ] (WGAD) released a 13-page document confirming Sharmahd's arrest, ], human rights violations, and torture.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \| title=Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-third session 30 March–8 April 2022 \| date=31 August 2022 \| work=Working Group on Arbitrary Detention }}</ref> In January 2023, ], the chairman of the ] parliamentary group, took over the political sponsorship for Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.cducsu.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/friedrich-merz-uebernimmt-politische-patenschaft-fuer-den-inhaftierten-deutsch-iraner-jamshid-sharmahd \|title=Friedrich Merz übernimmt politische Patenschaft für den inhaftierten Deutsch-Iraner Jamshid Sharmahd \|date=9 January 2023 \|work=CDU/CSU }}</ref> Merz attempted to travel to Iran to verify the health of Sharmahd, but Iranian authorities denied him a visa. Merz repeatedly demanded the unconditional release of Sharmahd and "expects the German government to significantly step up its efforts to release Jamshid Sharmahd."<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/friedrich-merz-fordert-freilassung-von-jamshid-sharmahd-aus-iranischer-haft-IKACDP64NJACJCDCW5ZOGY4RIM.html \|title=Friedrich Merz fordert Freilassung von Jamshid Sharmahd aus iranischer Haft \|date=18 July 2023 \|work=RND }}</ref> In April 2023, the ] publicly condemned the death sentence of Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/04/28/iran-statement-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-eu-on-the-confirmation-of-the-death-sentence-against-jamshid-sharmahd-by-iranian-court/ \|title=Iran: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the confirmation of the death sentence against Jamshid Sharmahd by Iranian court \|date=23 April 2023 \|work=European Council }}</ref>

	Sharmahd was executed in Tehran on 28 October 2024, at the age of 69.<ref name="DW"/><ref>{{cite news \|title=Iranian-German prisoner Jamshid Sharmahd, who lived in US, executed in Iran over terror conviction \|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/iranian-german-prisoner-jamshid-sharmahd-lived-us-executed-115225169 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=ABC News \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>		Sharmahd was executed in Tehran on 28 October 2024, at the age of 69.<ref name="DW"/><ref>{{cite news \|title=Iranian-German prisoner Jamshid Sharmahd, who lived in US, executed in Iran over terror conviction \|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/iranian-german-prisoner-jamshid-sharmahd-lived-us-executed-115225169 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=ABC News \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>

Revision as of 21:52, 28 October 2024

German-American journalist and software engineer (1955–2024)

Jamshid Sharmahd
جمشید شارمهد
Sharmahd in 2019
Born	(1955-03-23)23 March 1955 Tehran, Iran
Died	28 October 2024(2024-10-28) (aged 69) Tehran, Iran
Citizenship	Germany Iran
Education	Software engineering, information technology
Occupations	Journalist software engineer
Years active	1955–2024

Jamshid Sharmahd (Template:Lang-fa; 23 March 1955 – 28 October 2024) was a German and Iranian journalist and software engineer.

A permanent resident of the United States from 2003, Sharmahd had been targeted by the Iranian government for his connections to Tondar, an Iranian opposition movement. Since his arrest by Iranian agents in 2020, Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement by Iran in a forced disappearance. In a 2023 trial condemned by Amnesty International, the German Minister for Foreign Affairs, and the European Council, Sharmahd was sentenced to death.

Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement until his execution in 2024.

Biography

Jamshid Sharmahd was born in Tehran on 23 March 1955. When he was seven years old, he moved with his father to Hanover, West Germany, where he grew up in a German-Iranian household. He has been a German citizen since 1995. He studied to become an electrician, and in 1980 briefly returned to Iran where he got married. In 1982, he returned to West Germany with his wife and daughter.

Sharmahd established his own software company and in 2003 moved to the United States, where he was a permanent resident with a green card. He had been living in Los Angeles, California since 2003. Sharmahd had Parkinson's disease.

In 2007, a "massive cyber attack" publicly exposed his contributions to the website of Tondar, a news platform and opposition movement viewed by Iran as a terrorist organization. This led to targeted harassment and assassination attempts against him by the Iranian government. In 2009, agents of the Islamic regime of Iran attempted an assassination of Sharmahd in Glendora, California, which was foiled by U.S. officials. This information was made public by a leaked U.S. diplomatic cable. Sharmahd helped operate Tondar's Los Angeles-based television and radio programming, and operated a satellite radio station accessible in Iran.

Arrest

In late July 2020, secret agents from Iran's Ministry of Intelligence arrested Sharmahd in Dubai, taking him to Iran. The Iranian government alleged that Sharmahd was responsible for a 2008 attack on a mosque in Shiraz that killed 14 people and injured 200. However, the regime-controlled media outlet Fars News quoted the Iranian National Security Council in 2008 as saying, "The explosion of a bomb or any explosion carried out by opposition elements, be they internal or foreign, is ruled out. The blast was caused by some munitions used in an exhibition for the Iran–Iraq War martyrs in the mosque." Working Group on Arbitrary Detention stated that "Mr. Sharmahd is being deprived of his liberty as a result of exercising the right to freedom of opinion and expression." Sharmahd and his family denied all charges. Sharmahd's abduction was one of a series of arrests carried out by the government of Iran.

In February 2023, Sharmahd was sentenced to death by a Revolutionary Court in Tehran under charges of "corruption on earth" following a "grossly unfair trial", as described by Amnesty International. He was repeatedly denied access to the German consulate and access to trials. German Minister for Foreign Affairs Annalena Baerbock said Sharmahd "never had even the semblance of a fair trial." In response to the sentence, Germany expelled two Iranian diplomats.

In 2022, the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention (WGAD) released a 13-page document confirming Sharmahd's arrest, forced disappearance, human rights violations, and torture. In January 2023, Friedrich Merz, the chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group, took over the political sponsorship for Sharmahd. Merz attempted to travel to Iran to verify the health of Sharmahd, but Iranian authorities denied him a visa. Merz repeatedly demanded the unconditional release of Sharmahd and "expects the German government to significantly step up its efforts to release Jamshid Sharmahd." In April 2023, the European Council publicly condemned the death sentence of Sharmahd.

Sharmahd was executed in Tehran on 28 October 2024, at the age of 69.

References

^ O'Callaghan, Laura (18 January 2023). "Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us'". The National News.
"Iranian Rapper Toomaj Salehi Sentenced to Death for Songs Critical of Government". Rolling Stone (in German). 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
^ "Iran executes German-Iranian Jamshid Sharmahd". DW. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
^ "Jamshid Sharmahd ist Opfer eines manipulativen Schauprozesses" [Jamshid Sharmahd is the victim of a manipulative show trial]. International Society for Human Rights (in German). 24 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
Steinmetz, Juergen T. (4 August 2020). "German Citizen from Glendora, California abducted by Iran Ministry in Dubai". eTurboNews.
^ Weinthal, Benjamin (25 July 2022). "'Death sentence certain' for German-Iranian journalist". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
O'Callaghan, Laura (18 January 2023). "Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us'". The National News. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
Somerville, Hannah (19 November 2021). "One Year After Abduction, Jamshid Sharmahd's Family Vows to Fight On". IranWire | خانه. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ Audi, Tamara (10 May 2010). "U.S.-Iran Feud Hits L.A." The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
"Wikileaks unveils assassination attempt by Islamic Republic of Iran". CNN. 21 February 2011.
Halpern, Sam (22 February 2023). "Kidnapped German-Iranian journalist Jamshid Sharmahd to be executed". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
Weinthal, Benjamin (19 July 2022). "California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist". Fox News.
"California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist" (PDF). Working Group on Arbitrary Detention. 31 August 2022.
OstanWire (26 July 2022). "Abducted Californian Jamshid Sharmahd Denies Charges in Final Court Hearing in Iran".
Vahdat, Amir and Gambrell, Jon (2 August 2020). "Iran says it detains leader of California-based exile group". Associated Press. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
Gambrell, Jon (4 August 2020). "Family tells AP: Iran abducted California man while in Dubai". Associated Press.
Borger, Julian (14 July 2021). "Iran 'spies' charged in plot to kidnap US journalist and speed her to Venezuela". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
"Why Iran abducted and hanged Ruhollah Zam". The Economist. 16 December 2020. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
Azizi, Arash (12 January 2021). "Opinion | Why Is Iran Kidnapping and Executing Dissidents?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
Gritten, David (21 February 2022). "Iran sentences German-Iranian dissident to death". BBC News. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
"Tortured German-Iranian sentenced to death: Jamshid Sharmahd". Amnesty International. 3 April 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
Gritten, David (22 February 2023). "Germany expels 2 Iranian diplomats over death sentence". Associated Press News. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
^ "Germany Expels Iranian Diplomats in Response to Death Sentence for German Citizen". Voice of America News. 22 February 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
"Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-third session 30 March–8 April 2022" (PDF). Working Group on Arbitrary Detention. 31 August 2022.
"Friedrich Merz übernimmt politische Patenschaft für den inhaftierten Deutsch-Iraner Jamshid Sharmahd". CDU/CSU. 9 January 2023.
"Friedrich Merz fordert Freilassung von Jamshid Sharmahd aus iranischer Haft". RND. 18 July 2023.
"Iran: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the confirmation of the death sentence against Jamshid Sharmahd by Iranian court". European Council. 23 April 2023.
"Iranian-German prisoner Jamshid Sharmahd, who lived in US, executed in Iran over terror conviction". ABC News. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.

List of foreign nationals detained in Iran

United States

Citizens

Residents

Canada

Citizens	Maziar Bahari Hossein Derakhshan Abdolrasoul Dorri-Esfahani Hamid Ghassemi-Shall Homa Hoodfar Zahra Kazemi Ramin Jahanbegloo Kavous Seyed-Emami
Residents	Saeed Malekpour

United Kingdom

Citizens	Kameel Ahmady Anoosheh Ashoori Iason Athanasiadis Roger Cooper Abbas Edalat Kamal Foroughi Ghoncheh Ghavami Roya Saberi Negad Nobakht Nahid Taghavi Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe
Residents	Aras Amiri

France

Citizens	Louis Arnaud Cécile Kohler Fariba Adelkhah Nazak Afshar Benjamin Brière Roland Marchal Clotilde Reiss
Residents	Ruhollah Zam

Kamran Ghaderi

Belgium

Olivier Vandecasteele

Netherlands

Zahra Bahrami

Finland

Ana Diamond

Lebanon

Nizar Zakka

New Zealand

Topher Richwhite
Bridget Thackwray

Russian

Yulia Yuzik

Category:Foreign nationals detained in Iran

v t e Political prisoners in Iran
Prison
Activists	Habib Afkari Raheleh Ahmadi Maryam Akbari Monfared Zahra Bahrami Emad Bahavar Esmail Bakhshi Mahmudali Chehregani Atena Daemi Golrokh Ebrahimi Iraee Amir Abbas Fakhravar Alireza Farshi Parvaneh Forouhar Ali-Asghar Gharavi Kouhyar Goudarzi Zeynab Jalalian Vida Hajebi Tabrizi Saeed Hajjarian Leila Hosseinzadeh Soheila Hejab Jafar Kazemi Amir Khorram Amir Khosrow Dalirsani Dhabihu'llah Mahrami Mohammad Maleki Azar Mansouri Farideh Mashini Mohsen Mirdamadi Ahmad Moftizadeh Narges Mohammadi Abdollah Momeni Youcef Nadarkhani Shiva Nazar Ahari Keyvan Rafiee Alireza Rajaei Arash Sadeghi Mahan Sadrat Fatemeh Sepehri Kavous Seyed-Emami Reza Shahabi Jamshid Sharmahd Ghasem Sholeh-Saadi Abbas Lisani Ali Shariati Majid Tavakoli Habibollah Peyman Sayed Ziaoddin Nabavi
Actors	Taraneh Alidoosti Hengameh Ghaziani Katayoun Riahi
Artists	Atena Farghadani Amir Emad Mirmirani
Athletes	Voria Ghafouri Ali Akbar Heidari Mohammad Karimi Hossein Mahini Amir Reza Nasr Azadani Navid Afkari
Bloggers	Soheil Arabi Sattar Beheshti
Doctors	Nasser Fahimi Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi Mohammad Ali Taheri
Filmmakers	Keywan Karimi Jafar Panahi Mahnaz Mohammadi Mohammad Nourizad Hossein Rajabian Mohammad Rasoulof
Journalists	Bahman Ahmadi Amouee Mahsa Amrabadi Ahmad Batebi Masoud Bastani Abdolali Bazargan Mohammad Ghouchani Niloofar Hamedi Adnan Hassanpour Zahra Kazemi Masoud Lavasani Saeed Laylaz Elaheh Mohammadi Sam Mahmoudi Said Matinpour Kasra Nouri Siamak Pourzand Hossein Rafiee Taghi Rahmani Roxana Saberi Majid Saeedi Faraj Sarkohi Kianush Sanjari Mohsen Sazegara Mohammad Seddigh Kaboudvand Hengameh Shahidi Mashallah Shamsolvaezin Heshmat Tabarzadi Roya Toloui Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe Ruhollah Zam Ahmad Zeidabadi
Lawyers	Mohammad Ali Dadkhah Saleh Kamrani Nasrin Sotoudeh Shadi Sadr Mohammad Seifzadeh Abdolfattah Soltani
Military	Amir Farshad Ebrahimi Saeed Emami Akbar Ganji Hamid Pourmand
Musicians	Dariush Eghbali Shervin Hajipour Mehdi Rajabian Toomaj Salehi Mehdi Yarrahi
Programmer	Amir Emad Mirmirani
Poets	Baktash Abtin MohammadReza Alee Payam Mona Borzouei Piruz Dilanchi Mehdi Akhavan-Sales Mohammad-Taqi Bahar Keramat Daneshian Arzhang Davoodi Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi Khosrow Golsorkhi Morteza Keyvan Ahmad Shamlou Sedigheh Vasmaghi
Politicians	Mohsen Aminzadeh Morteza Alviri Shahrbanoo Amani Abbas Amir-Entezam Mohsen Armin Mohammad Atrianfar Seyyed Ebrahim Amini Emadeddin Baghi Jila Baniyaghoob Mehdi Bazargan Nasrollah Entezam Iraj Eskandari Hossein Fatemi Dariush Forouhar Sadegh Ghotbzadeh Mehdi Hajati Bahareh Hedayat Faezeh Hashemi Rafsanjani Amir Hossein Heshmat Saran Amir-Abbas Hoveyda Anvar Khamei Mohammad-Reza Khatami Khalil Maleki Mir-Hossein Mousavi Ali-Akbar Mousavi Khoeini Farajollah Mizani Ahmad Moftizadeh Behzad Nabavi Abdollah Nouri Reza Radmanesh Abdollah Ramezanzadeh Gholam Hossein Sadighi Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh Ali Shakouri-Rad Ali Shariati Mahdi Tajik Mostafa Tajzadeh Mansour Osanlou Ebrahim Yazdi
Scientists	Taqi Arani Ramin Jahanbegloo Omid Kokabee Seyed Hossein Mousavian Ehsan Tabari Kian Tajbakhsh
Writers	Ali Mohammad Afghani Bozorg Alavi Najaf Daryabandari Mahmoud Dowlatabadi Mahmoud Etemadzadeh Ahmad Mahmoud Abbas Milani Shahrokh Meskoob Fariborz Raisdana Ahmad Samii Gilani Brayim Younisi Kourosh Zaim Nasser Zarafshan Sadegh Zibakalam
Category:Political prisoners in Iran

Categories:

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	'''Jamshid Sharmahd''' ({{lang-fa\|جمشید شارمهد}}; 23 March 1955 – 28 October 2024) was a German and Iranian journalist and software engineer.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Iranian Rapper Toomaj Salehi Sentenced to Death for Songs Critical of Government \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/toomaj-salehi-iranian-rapper-sentenced-to-death-protest-music-1235011381/ \|date=26 April 2024 \|access-date=26 April 2024 \|website=] \|language=de-EN}}</ref>		'''Jamshid Sharmahd''' ({{lang-fa\|جمشید شارمهد}}; 23 March 1955 – 28 October 2024) was a German and Iranian journalist and software engineer.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Iranian Rapper Toomaj Salehi Sentenced to Death for Songs Critical of Government \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/toomaj-salehi-iranian-rapper-sentenced-to-death-protest-music-1235011381/ \|date=26 April 2024 \|access-date=26 April 2024 \|website=] \|language=de-EN}}</ref>

	A permanent resident of the United States from 2003, Sharmahd had been targeted by the Iranian government for his connections to ], an Iranian opposition movement. Since his ~~arresting~~ by Iranian agents in 2020, Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement by Iran in a ]. In a 2023 trial condemned by ], the ], and the ], Sharmahd was sentenced to death.		A permanent resident of the United States from 2003, Sharmahd had been targeted by the Iranian government for his connections to ], an Iranian opposition movement. Since his arrest by Iranian agents in 2020, Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement by Iran in a ]. In a 2023 trial condemned by ], the ], and the ], Sharmahd was sentenced to death.

	Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement until his execution in 2024.<ref name="DW">{{cite news \|title=Iran executes German-Iranian Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-executes-german-iranian-jamshid-sharmahd/a-70622205 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=DW \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>		Sharmahd was held in solitary confinement until his execution in 2024.<ref name="DW">{{cite news \|title=Iran executes German-Iranian Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-executes-german-iranian-jamshid-sharmahd/a-70622205 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=DW \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>
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	In 2007, a "massive cyber attack" publicly exposed his contributions to the website of ],<ref>{{Cite news \|title=One Year After Abduction, Jamshid Sharmahd's Family Vows to Fight On \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/70111/ \|first=Hannah \|last=Somerville \|date=19 November 2021 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=IranWire {{!}} خانه \|language=en}}</ref> a news platform and opposition movement viewed by Iran as a ].<ref name=":1"/> This led to targeted harassment and assassination attempts against him by the Iranian government.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news \|last=Audi \|first=Tamara \|date=10 May 2010 \|title=U.S.-Iran Feud Hits L.A. \|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704866204575224170226999284 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The Wall Street Journal \|language=en-US \|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> In 2009, agents of the Islamic regime of Iran attempted an assassination of Sharmahd in ], which was foiled by U.S. officials. This information was made public by a ].<ref>{{Cite news \|date=21 February 2011 \|title=Wikileaks unveils assassination attempt by Islamic Republic of Iran \|language=en-US \|work=CNN \|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTqAFva4nMw}}</ref> Sharmahd helped operate Tondar's Los{{Nbsp}}Angeles-based television and radio programming,<ref name=":1"/> and operated a satellite radio station accessible in Iran.<ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last=O'Callaghan \|first=Laura \|date=18 January 2023 \|title=Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us' \|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/2023/01/18/fears-for-german-man-on-death-row-in-iran-as-his-us-family-says-biden-is-failing-us/ \|website=The National News}}</ref>		In 2007, a "massive cyber attack" publicly exposed his contributions to the website of ],<ref>{{Cite news \|title=One Year After Abduction, Jamshid Sharmahd's Family Vows to Fight On \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/70111/ \|first=Hannah \|last=Somerville \|date=19 November 2021 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=IranWire {{!}} خانه \|language=en}}</ref> a news platform and opposition movement viewed by Iran as a ].<ref name=":1"/> This led to targeted harassment and assassination attempts against him by the Iranian government.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news \|last=Audi \|first=Tamara \|date=10 May 2010 \|title=U.S.-Iran Feud Hits L.A. \|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704866204575224170226999284 \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The Wall Street Journal \|language=en-US \|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> In 2009, agents of the Islamic regime of Iran attempted an assassination of Sharmahd in ], which was foiled by U.S. officials. This information was made public by a ].<ref>{{Cite news \|date=21 February 2011 \|title=Wikileaks unveils assassination attempt by Islamic Republic of Iran \|language=en-US \|work=CNN \|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTqAFva4nMw}}</ref> Sharmahd helped operate Tondar's Los{{Nbsp}}Angeles-based television and radio programming,<ref name=":1"/> and operated a satellite radio station accessible in Iran.<ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last=O'Callaghan \|first=Laura \|date=18 January 2023 \|title=Fears for German man on death row in Iran as his US family say 'Biden is failing us' \|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/2023/01/18/fears-for-german-man-on-death-row-in-iran-as-his-us-family-says-biden-is-failing-us/ \|website=The National News}}</ref>

	=== ~~Arresting~~ ===		=== Arrest ===
	In late July 2020, secret agents from Iran's ] arrested Sharmahd in Dubai, taking him to Iran.<ref name="jpost1">{{Cite web \|first=Benjamin \|last=Weinthal \|title='Death sentence certain' for German-Iranian journalist \|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/iran-news/article-712881 \|access-date=25 July 2022 \|date=25 July 2022\|website=Jerusalem Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Halpern \|first=Sam \|title=Kidnapped German-Iranian journalist Jamshid Sharmahd to be executed \|url=https://www.jpost.com/international/article-732368 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Jerusalem Post\|date=22 February 2023 }}</ref> The Iranian government alleged that Sharmahd was responsible for a ] on a mosque in ] that killed 14 people and injured 200. However, the regime-controlled media outlet ] quoted the ] in 2008 as saying, "The explosion of a bomb or any explosion carried out by opposition elements, be they internal or foreign, is ruled out. The blast was caused by some munitions used in an exhibition for the ] martyrs in the mosque."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Weinthal \|first=Benjamin \|date=19 July 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/california-man-faces-execution-iran-being-journalist \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref> ] stated that "Mr. Sharmahd is being deprived of his liberty as a result of exercising the right to freedom of opinion and expression."<ref>{{Cite web \|date=31 August 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref>		In late July 2020, secret agents from Iran's ] arrested Sharmahd in Dubai, taking him to Iran.<ref name="jpost1">{{Cite web \|first=Benjamin \|last=Weinthal \|title='Death sentence certain' for German-Iranian journalist \|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/iran-news/article-712881 \|access-date=25 July 2022 \|date=25 July 2022\|website=Jerusalem Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Halpern \|first=Sam \|title=Kidnapped German-Iranian journalist Jamshid Sharmahd to be executed \|url=https://www.jpost.com/international/article-732368 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Jerusalem Post\|date=22 February 2023 }}</ref> The Iranian government alleged that Sharmahd was responsible for a ] on a mosque in ] that killed 14 people and injured 200. However, the regime-controlled media outlet ] quoted the ] in 2008 as saying, "The explosion of a bomb or any explosion carried out by opposition elements, be they internal or foreign, is ruled out. The blast was caused by some munitions used in an exhibition for the ] martyrs in the mosque."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Weinthal \|first=Benjamin \|date=19 July 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/california-man-faces-execution-iran-being-journalist \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref> ] stated that "Mr. Sharmahd is being deprived of his liberty as a result of exercising the right to freedom of opinion and expression."<ref>{{Cite web \|date=31 August 2022 \|title=California man faces execution in Iran for being a journalist \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \|website=] \|language=en-US}}</ref>
	Sharmahd and his family denied all charges.<ref>{{cite news \|last=OstanWire \|date=26 July 2022 \|title=Abducted Californian Jamshid Sharmahd Denies Charges in Final Court Hearing in Iran \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/prisoners/106052-abducted-california-resident-jamshid-sharmahd-denies-charges-in-final-court-hearing/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vahdat \|first1=Amir \|last2=Gambrell \|first2=Jon \|name-list-style=and \|date=2 August 2020 \|title=Iran says it detains leader of California-based exile group \|url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-iran-iran-nuclear-ca-state-wire-middle-east-d1ba8de31d40362ecb5e5f8f4d0be4b5 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last=Gambrell \|first=Jon \|date=4 August 2020 \|title=Family tells AP: Iran abducted California man while in Dubai \|url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-dubai-ap-top-news-iran-ca-state-wire-2ba6f187105566ccc06ef2b5f9e5490e \|work=]}}</ref> Sharmahd's abduction was one of a series of ~~arrestings~~ carried out by the government of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Borger \|first=Julian \|date=14 July 2021 \|title=Iran 'spies' charged in plot to kidnap US journalist and speed her to Venezuela \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/13/iran-intelligence-officer-kidnap-plot-us-journalist \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=] \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=16 December 2020 \|title=Why Iran abducted and hanged Ruhollah Zam \|url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/16/why-iran-abducted-and-hanged-ruhollah-zam \|url-access=registration \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|newspaper=The Economist \|issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Azizi \|first=Arash \|date=12 January 2021 \|title=Opinion {{!}} Why Is Iran Kidnapping and Executing Dissidents? \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/opinion/iran-kidnap-execute-dissidents.html \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The New York Times \|language=en-US \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>		Sharmahd and his family denied all charges.<ref>{{cite news \|last=OstanWire \|date=26 July 2022 \|title=Abducted Californian Jamshid Sharmahd Denies Charges in Final Court Hearing in Iran \|url=https://iranwire.com/en/prisoners/106052-abducted-california-resident-jamshid-sharmahd-denies-charges-in-final-court-hearing/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vahdat \|first1=Amir \|last2=Gambrell \|first2=Jon \|name-list-style=and \|date=2 August 2020 \|title=Iran says it detains leader of California-based exile group \|url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-iran-iran-nuclear-ca-state-wire-middle-east-d1ba8de31d40362ecb5e5f8f4d0be4b5 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last=Gambrell \|first=Jon \|date=4 August 2020 \|title=Family tells AP: Iran abducted California man while in Dubai \|url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-dubai-ap-top-news-iran-ca-state-wire-2ba6f187105566ccc06ef2b5f9e5490e \|work=]}}</ref> Sharmahd's abduction was one of a series of arrests carried out by the government of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Borger \|first=Julian \|date=14 July 2021 \|title=Iran 'spies' charged in plot to kidnap US journalist and speed her to Venezuela \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/13/iran-intelligence-officer-kidnap-plot-us-journalist \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|website=] \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=16 December 2020 \|title=Why Iran abducted and hanged Ruhollah Zam \|url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/16/why-iran-abducted-and-hanged-ruhollah-zam \|url-access=registration \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|newspaper=The Economist \|issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Azizi \|first=Arash \|date=12 January 2021 \|title=Opinion {{!}} Why Is Iran Kidnapping and Executing Dissidents? \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/opinion/iran-kidnap-execute-dissidents.html \|access-date=26 February 2022 \|work=The New York Times \|language=en-US \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

	In February 2023, Sharmahd was sentenced to death by a ] in Tehran under charges of "]" following a "grossly unfair trial", as described by ].<ref>{{Cite web \|first=David \|last=Gritten \|title=Iran sentences German-Iranian dissident to death \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64718416 \|access-date=23 March 2023 \|date=21 February 2022\|website=BBC News \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=3 April 2023 \|title=Tortured German-Iranian sentenced to death: Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/6642/2023/en/ \|access-date=3 April 2023 \|website=Amnesty International \|language=en}}</ref> He was repeatedly denied access to the German consulate and access to trials.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gritten \|first=David \|date=22 February 2023 \|title=Germany expels 2 Iranian diplomats over death sentence \|url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-politics-government-bdd70470b62de3476f3a55a20ef51025 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Associated Press News \|language=en}}</ref> German Minister for Foreign Affairs ] said Sharmahd "never had even the semblance of a fair trial."<ref name=":0"/> In response to the sentence, Germany expelled two Iranian diplomats.<ref name=":0">{{cite web \| url=https://www.voanews.com/a/germany-expels-iranian-diplomats-in-response-to-death-sentence-for-german-citizen-/6973747.html \|title=Germany Expels Iranian Diplomats in Response to Death Sentence for German Citizen \|date=22 February 2023 \|access-date=23 February 2023 \|work=Voice of America News }}</ref>		In February 2023, Sharmahd was sentenced to death by a ] in Tehran under charges of "]" following a "grossly unfair trial", as described by ].<ref>{{Cite web \|first=David \|last=Gritten \|title=Iran sentences German-Iranian dissident to death \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64718416 \|access-date=23 March 2023 \|date=21 February 2022\|website=BBC News \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=3 April 2023 \|title=Tortured German-Iranian sentenced to death: Jamshid Sharmahd \|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/6642/2023/en/ \|access-date=3 April 2023 \|website=Amnesty International \|language=en}}</ref> He was repeatedly denied access to the German consulate and access to trials.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gritten \|first=David \|date=22 February 2023 \|title=Germany expels 2 Iranian diplomats over death sentence \|url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-politics-government-bdd70470b62de3476f3a55a20ef51025 \|access-date=22 February 2023 \|website=Associated Press News \|language=en}}</ref> German Minister for Foreign Affairs ] said Sharmahd "never had even the semblance of a fair trial."<ref name=":0"/> In response to the sentence, Germany expelled two Iranian diplomats.<ref name=":0">{{cite web \| url=https://www.voanews.com/a/germany-expels-iranian-diplomats-in-response-to-death-sentence-for-german-citizen-/6973747.html \|title=Germany Expels Iranian Diplomats in Response to Death Sentence for German Citizen \|date=22 February 2023 \|access-date=23 February 2023 \|work=Voice of America News }}</ref>

	In 2022, the ] (WGAD) released a 13-page document confirming Sharmahd's ~~arresting~~, ], human rights violations, and torture.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \| title=Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-third session 30 March–8 April 2022 \| date=31 August 2022 \| work=Working Group on Arbitrary Detention }}</ref> In January 2023, ], the chairman of the ] parliamentary group, took over the political sponsorship for Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.cducsu.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/friedrich-merz-uebernimmt-politische-patenschaft-fuer-den-inhaftierten-deutsch-iraner-jamshid-sharmahd \|title=Friedrich Merz übernimmt politische Patenschaft für den inhaftierten Deutsch-Iraner Jamshid Sharmahd \|date=9 January 2023 \|work=CDU/CSU }}</ref> Merz attempted to travel to Iran to verify the health of Sharmahd, but Iranian authorities denied him a visa. Merz repeatedly demanded the unconditional release of Sharmahd and "expects the German government to significantly step up its efforts to release Jamshid Sharmahd."<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/friedrich-merz-fordert-freilassung-von-jamshid-sharmahd-aus-iranischer-haft-IKACDP64NJACJCDCW5ZOGY4RIM.html \|title=Friedrich Merz fordert Freilassung von Jamshid Sharmahd aus iranischer Haft \|date=18 July 2023 \|work=RND }}</ref> In April 2023, the ] publicly condemned the death sentence of Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/04/28/iran-statement-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-eu-on-the-confirmation-of-the-death-sentence-against-jamshid-sharmahd-by-iranian-court/ \|title=Iran: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the confirmation of the death sentence against Jamshid Sharmahd by Iranian court \|date=23 April 2023 \|work=European Council }}</ref>		In 2022, the ] (WGAD) released a 13-page document confirming Sharmahd's arrest, ], human rights violations, and torture.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/detention-wg/opinions/session93/2022-10-20/A-HRC-WGAD-2022-27-AEV.pdf \| title=Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-third session 30 March–8 April 2022 \| date=31 August 2022 \| work=Working Group on Arbitrary Detention }}</ref> In January 2023, ], the chairman of the ] parliamentary group, took over the political sponsorship for Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.cducsu.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/friedrich-merz-uebernimmt-politische-patenschaft-fuer-den-inhaftierten-deutsch-iraner-jamshid-sharmahd \|title=Friedrich Merz übernimmt politische Patenschaft für den inhaftierten Deutsch-Iraner Jamshid Sharmahd \|date=9 January 2023 \|work=CDU/CSU }}</ref> Merz attempted to travel to Iran to verify the health of Sharmahd, but Iranian authorities denied him a visa. Merz repeatedly demanded the unconditional release of Sharmahd and "expects the German government to significantly step up its efforts to release Jamshid Sharmahd."<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/friedrich-merz-fordert-freilassung-von-jamshid-sharmahd-aus-iranischer-haft-IKACDP64NJACJCDCW5ZOGY4RIM.html \|title=Friedrich Merz fordert Freilassung von Jamshid Sharmahd aus iranischer Haft \|date=18 July 2023 \|work=RND }}</ref> In April 2023, the ] publicly condemned the death sentence of Sharmahd.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/04/28/iran-statement-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-eu-on-the-confirmation-of-the-death-sentence-against-jamshid-sharmahd-by-iranian-court/ \|title=Iran: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the confirmation of the death sentence against Jamshid Sharmahd by Iranian court \|date=23 April 2023 \|work=European Council }}</ref>

	Sharmahd was executed in Tehran on 28 October 2024, at the age of 69.<ref name="DW"/><ref>{{cite news \|title=Iranian-German prisoner Jamshid Sharmahd, who lived in US, executed in Iran over terror conviction \|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/iranian-german-prisoner-jamshid-sharmahd-lived-us-executed-115225169 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=ABC News \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>		Sharmahd was executed in Tehran on 28 October 2024, at the age of 69.<ref name="DW"/><ref>{{cite news \|title=Iranian-German prisoner Jamshid Sharmahd, who lived in US, executed in Iran over terror conviction \|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/iranian-german-prisoner-jamshid-sharmahd-lived-us-executed-115225169 \|access-date=28 October 2024 \|publisher=ABC News \|date=28 October 2024}}</ref>

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