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The {{Nihongo|'''Democratic Party For the People'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/04/26/national/politics-diplomacy/abe-denies-rumors-hes-planning-call-snap-election|title=Abe denies rumors he's planning to call snap election|author=Tomohiro Osaki|date=26 April 2018|publisher=The Japan Times|access-date=2 May 2018}}</ref><ref group=nb>Also translatable as "National Democratic Party".</ref>|国民民主党|Kokumin Minshu-tō}}, abbreviated to '''DPFP'''<ref name="jt">{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/05/07/national/politics-diplomacy/rock-bottom-opinion-polls-japanese-opposition-parties-kibo-no-democratic-party-decide-merge/|title=Rock bottom in opinion polls, Japanese opposition parties Kibo no To and Democratic Party decide to merge|publisher=]|first=Reiji|last=Yoshida|date=7 May 2018|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref> or '''DPP''', is a ]<ref>{{cite news |last= Sieg |first= Linda |date= 26 August 2018 |title= Japanese PM Abe seen headed for extended term despite policy doubts |url= https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1LB08E |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191021153334/https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1LB08E |url-status= dead |archive-date= 21 October 2019 |work= Reuters |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= McCurry |first= Justin |date= 8 November 2018 |title= The changing face of Japan: labour shortage opens doors to immigrant workers |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/09/the-changing-face-of-japan-labour-shortage-opens-doors-to-immigrant-workers |work= The Guardian |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Harding |first= Robin |date= 5 November 2018 |title= Japan demand for labour sparks immigration debate |url= https://www.ft.com/content/6f47f576-de8c-11e8-9f04-38d397e6661c |work= Financial Times |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref> to ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/japan|title=Japan|work=]|date=2019|publisher=]|access-date=2020-02-15|archive-date=2019-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130040956/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/japan|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/01/21/national/politics-diplomacy/merger-japan-opposition-parties-dpp/#.Xk938JUzaUl |title=Merger of Japan opposition parties remains elusive as DPP lawmakers balk at immediate action |quote=While the CDP, a center-left party, is united on the merger idea, the DPP, a center-right party, was divided even before Monday’s developments. |date=21 January 2020|access-date=21 February 2020|publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theconversation.com/japans-ruling-conservatives-have-been-returned-to-power-but-amid-voter-frustration-challenges-lurk-for-kishida-170561 |title=Japan's ruling conservatives have been returned to power, but amid voter frustration, challenges lurk for Kishida |quote= The main opposition, the centrist Constitutional Democratic Party, lost 13 seats, to end up with 96. Other smaller opposition parties only shifted slightly, with the Japanese Communist Party dropping two to ten, and the centre-right Democratic Party For the People gaining three to reach 11. |work=] |date=1 November 2021 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> ]<ref name="PekkanenReed2022">{{cite book|author1=Robert J. Pekkanen|author2=Steven R. Reed|chapter=The Opposition in 2021: A Second Party and a Third Force|editor1=Robert J. Pekkanen|editor2=Steven R. Reed|editor3=Daniel M. Smith|title=Japan Decides 2021: The Japanese General Election|year=2022|publisher=Springer Nature|isbn= 978-3-03-111324-6|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQafEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA66|page=66}}</ref> ]. The party was formed on 7 May 2018 from the merger of the ] and ] (''Party of Hope'').<ref name="jt"/> In September 2020, the majority of the party reached an agreement to merge with the ]<ref name="EdanoElection">{{Cite web|last=Johnston|first=Eric|date=2020-09-10|title=Yukio Edano elected chief of new CDP, Japan's top opposition party|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/09/10/national/politics-diplomacy/yukio-edano-elected-president-cdp/|access-date=2020-09-10|website=The Japan Times|language=en}}</ref> and the original party was officially dissolved on 11 September 2020. However, 14 DPFP members refused to merge, including party leader ], and instead formed a new party retaining the DPFP name and branding.<ref name="PekkanenReed2022"/><ref>{{cite news|date= 12 August 2020 |title= Japan's opposition DPP party to split as merger talks hit impasse |url= https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/08/12/national/politics-diplomacy/japans-opposition-party-split-merger-talks-hit-impasse/ |work= The Japan Times |access-date= 17 September 2020}}</ref> The {{Nihongo|'''Democratic Party For the People'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/04/26/national/politics-diplomacy/abe-denies-rumors-hes-planning-call-snap-election|title=Abe denies rumors he's planning to call snap election|author=Tomohiro Osaki|date=26 April 2018|publisher=The Japan Times|access-date=2 May 2018}}</ref><ref group=nb>Also translatable as "National Democratic Party".</ref>|国民民主党|Kokumin Minshu-tō}}, abbreviated to '''DPFP'''<ref name="jt">{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/05/07/national/politics-diplomacy/rock-bottom-opinion-polls-japanese-opposition-parties-kibo-no-democratic-party-decide-merge/|title=Rock bottom in opinion polls, Japanese opposition parties Kibo no To and Democratic Party decide to merge|publisher=]|first=Reiji|last=Yoshida|date=7 May 2018|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref> or '''DPP''', is a ]<ref>{{cite news |last= Sieg |first= Linda |date= 26 August 2018 |title= Japanese PM Abe seen headed for extended term despite policy doubts |url= https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1LB08E |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191021153334/https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSKCN1LB08E |url-status= dead |archive-date= 21 October 2019 |work= Reuters |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= McCurry |first= Justin |date= 8 November 2018 |title= The changing face of Japan: labour shortage opens doors to immigrant workers |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/09/the-changing-face-of-japan-labour-shortage-opens-doors-to-immigrant-workers |work= The Guardian |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Harding |first= Robin |date= 5 November 2018 |title= Japan demand for labour sparks immigration debate |url= https://www.ft.com/content/6f47f576-de8c-11e8-9f04-38d397e6661c |work= Financial Times |access-date= 21 October 2019}}</ref> to ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/japan|title=Japan|work=]|date=2019|publisher=]|access-date=2020-02-15|archive-date=2019-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130040956/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/japan|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/01/21/national/politics-diplomacy/merger-japan-opposition-parties-dpp/#.Xk938JUzaUl |title=Merger of Japan opposition parties remains elusive as DPP lawmakers balk at immediate action |quote=While the CDP, a center-left party, is united on the merger idea, the DPP, a center-right party, was divided even before Monday’s developments. |date=21 January 2020|access-date=21 February 2020|publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theconversation.com/japans-ruling-conservatives-have-been-returned-to-power-but-amid-voter-frustration-challenges-lurk-for-kishida-170561 |title=Japan's ruling conservatives have been returned to power, but amid voter frustration, challenges lurk for Kishida |quote= The main opposition, the centrist Constitutional Democratic Party, lost 13 seats, to end up with 96. Other smaller opposition parties only shifted slightly, with the Japanese Communist Party dropping two to ten, and the centre-right Democratic Party For the People gaining three to reach 11. |work=] |date=1 November 2021 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> ]<ref name="PekkanenReed2022">{{cite book|author1=Robert J. Pekkanen|author2=Steven R. Reed|chapter=The Opposition in 2021: A Second Party and a Third Force|editor1=Robert J. Pekkanen|editor2=Steven R. Reed|editor3=Daniel M. Smith|title=Japan Decides 2021: The Japanese General Election|year=2022|publisher=Springer Nature|isbn= 978-3-03-111324-6|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQafEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA66|page=66}}</ref> ]. The party was formed on 7 May 2018 from the merger of the ] and ] (''Party of Hope'').<ref name="jt"/> In September 2020, the majority of the party reached an agreement to merge with the ]<ref name="EdanoElection">{{Cite web|last=Johnston|first=Eric|date=2020-09-10|title=Yukio Edano elected chief of new CDP, Japan's top opposition party|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/09/10/national/politics-diplomacy/yukio-edano-elected-president-cdp/|access-date=2020-09-10|website=The Japan Times|language=en}}</ref> and the original party was officially dissolved on 11 September 2020. However, 14 DPFP members refused to merge, including party leader ], and instead formed a new party retaining the DPFP name and branding.<ref name="PekkanenReed2022"/><ref>{{cite news|date= 12 August 2020 |title= Japan's opposition DPP party to split as merger talks hit impasse |url= https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/08/12/national/politics-diplomacy/japans-opposition-party-split-merger-talks-hit-impasse/ |work= The Japan Times |access-date= 17 September 2020}}</ref>


The party saw it's best electoral success to date in the ], in which it won 28 seats in the ], becoming the fourth-largest party in the chamber. Since the 2024 election the party has entered into negotiations to support the ]-] minority government on a policy-by-policy basis.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ninivaggi|first=Gabrielle|date=2024-11-12|title=Ishiba's minority government begins first day of business with focus on reform|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/12/japan/politics/ishiba-political-funds/|access-date=2024-11-13|website=The Japan Times|language=en}}</ref> The party saw its best electoral success to date in the ], in which it won 28 seats in the ], becoming the fourth-largest party in the chamber. Since the 2024 election the party has entered into negotiations to support the ]-] minority government on a policy-by-policy basis.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ninivaggi|first=Gabrielle|date=2024-11-12|title=Ishiba's minority government begins first day of business with focus on reform|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/12/japan/politics/ishiba-political-funds/|access-date=2024-11-13|website=The Japan Times|language=en}}</ref>


==History== ==History==

Revision as of 21:47, 26 November 2024

Japanese political party
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It has been suggested that this article be split into a new article titled Democratic Party For the People (2018). (discuss) (May 2022)
Not to be confused with Kuomintang, which has the same Han characters as abbreviation of this party's name in its 2018 iteration. (國民黨). Not to be confused with Democratic Progressive Party, which has the same English abbreviation. ‹ The template Infobox political party is being considered for merging. ›
Democratic Party For the People
国民民主党 Kokumin Minshu-tō
AbbreviationDPFP or DPP
LeaderYūichirō Tamaki
Secretary-GeneralKazuya Shimba
Deputy LeaderMotohisa Furukawa
Founded7 May 2018 (2018-05-07)
11 September 2020 (2020-09-11) (in current form)
Merger of
Merged intoConstitutional Democratic Party of Japan (majority)
Headquarters1-11-1 Miyakezaka Building, Nagatachō, Chiyoda, Tokyo
NewspaperKokumin Minshu Press
IdeologyConservatism (Japanese)
Moderate conservatism
Populism
Political positionCentre to centre-right
Colors  Blue and   gold
Sloganつくろう、新しい答え。
(Tsukurou, atarashii kotae, "Let's make a new answer")
Councillors9 / 248
Representatives28 / 465
Prefectural assembly members34 / 2,644
Municipal assembly members145 / 29,135
Website
new-kokumin.jp

The Democratic Party For the People (国民民主党, Kokumin Minshu-tō), abbreviated to DPFP or DPP, is a centre to centre-right, conservative political party in Japan. The party was formed on 7 May 2018 from the merger of the Democratic Party and Kibō no Tō (Party of Hope). In September 2020, the majority of the party reached an agreement to merge with the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan and the original party was officially dissolved on 11 September 2020. However, 14 DPFP members refused to merge, including party leader Yuichiro Tamaki, and instead formed a new party retaining the DPFP name and branding.

The party saw its best electoral success to date in the 2024 general election, in which it won 28 seats in the House of Representatives, becoming the fourth-largest party in the chamber. Since the 2024 election the party has entered into negotiations to support the LDP-Komeito minority government on a policy-by-policy basis.

History

On 28 September 2017, Democratic Party (DP) leader Seiji Maehara announced that the party had abandoned plans to contest the 2017 general election, with the party's sitting representatives contesting the election as candidates for the Kibō no Tō recently founded by former Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike, or as independents. On 23 October 2017, after the election, Maehara resigned as party president, with the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDPJ) having replaced the DP as the largest opposition party in the House of Representatives, while the existing DP caucus continued to exist in the House of Councillors.

In January 2018, the DP and the Kibō no Tō agreed to form a joint parliamentary group in both houses of the Diet, although days later the negotiations broke down. On 9 April 2018, it was announced that talks were ongoing to merge the two parties into a new opposition force. On 24 April 2018, at a joint press conference the leadership of the DP and the Kibō no Tō announced that both parties had agreed to merge in May 2018 as the National Democratic Party. The DP and Kibō no Tō on 7 May 2018, 62 members of the predecessor parties joined the DPFP at its formation. adopting Democratic Party For the People as their official English language title. DP leader Kōhei Ōtsuka and Kibō leader Yūichirō Tamaki became the interim co-leaders of the new party.

The party held a leadership election in September 2018 to choose a permanent leader. Interim co-leader Tamaki was elected as the permanent leader of the party.

In April 2019, the Liberal Party merged into the Democratic Party For the People.

Partial merger with CDPJ

On 19 August 2020, the DPFP announced that a majority of its members would merge in September of that year with the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDPJ) and some independent lawmakers. Both parties would officially be dissolved under the agreement. On 10 September 2020, the new party elected Yukio Edano of the CDPJ as its leader and voted to retain the CDPJ party name. The DPFP dissolved on 11 September 2020, the day after the leader of the merged party was elected. However, 14 members of the DPFP, led by Tamaki, refused to merge with the CDPJ, instead creating a new party which retained the DPFP name and branding. The Tamaki-led rump DPFP contested the 2021 Japanese general election independently of the CDPJ and allies, winning six single-district seats and five proportional seats.

During the course of the 2022 Japanese House of Councillors election, the party was described as "cozying up" to the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).

Split and criticism

Four of the party's members of the House of Representatives and one of its members of the House of Councillors split from the party to form Free Education for All in November 2023. This was due to criticism that the Democratic Party For the People is aligned with the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), such as via the DPFP cooperating with the LDP on legislation and the DPFP supporting the LDP's supplementary budget for the fiscal year 2024.

Party leader Yuichiro Tamaki has been described as "indecisive" on the choice of either joining the government fully or staying in the opposition. As an example, the DPFP has often times joined in negotiations with the government to raise wages and has often-times attacked other opposition parties, such as the Japanese Communist Party and the CDP at times, but has also proven to be open to cooperation, witnessed in it pulling its candidates shortly before the April by-elections in three House of Representative wards. Such indecisiveness has been described as a possible reason for Deputy Leader Kohei Otsuka leaving the party.

Ideology

A self-proclaimed "reformist centrist" party, it enumerated freedom, symbiosis and responsibility for the future in its basic philosophy and self-proclaimed the establishment of a "Reformist-Centrist Party" (改革中道政党, Kaikaku-chūdō seitō) based on these philosophies. Otsuka said that the term "Reformist-Centrist Party" describes the attitude and spirit of the DPP that thoroughly adheres to a democratic approach to realistically reform/solve various issues.

The DPFP defines it as "a reform centrist party led by people ranging from moderate-conservatives and liberals". However, unlike the old DPFP, the new DPFP is considered conservative.

The DPFP officially promoted diplomatic pacifism, constitutionalism and sustainable development.

Leadership

Position Name
Leader Yūichirō Tamaki
Deputy Leader Motohisa Furukawa
Secretary General Kazuya Shimba
Deputy Secretary General Takanori Kawai
Chairman of the Diet Affairs Committee Motohisa Furukawa
Chairman of the Policy Affairs Research Council Makoto Hamaguchi
Chairman of the Election Campaign Committee Yoshifumi Hamano
Chairman in the House of Councillors Yasue Funayama
Public Relations Director Tetsuji Isozaki
Source:

Leaders

No. Name Constituency / title Term of office Image Election results Prime Minister (term)
Took office Left office
Preceding parties: Democratic Party (2016) (centre), Kibō no Tō (centre-right), and Liberal Party (2016) (centre-left)
1 Co-leadership
Kohei Otsuka (born 1959)

Yuichiro Tamaki (born 1969)

Otsuka:
Cou for Aichi
Tamaki:
Rep for Kagawa 2nd
7 May 2018 4 September 2018
 
DP; 2017 Unopposed Kibō; 2017 Unopposed Abe S. 2012–20
2 Yuichiro Tamaki (born 1969) Rep for Kagawa 2nd 4 September 2018 11 September 2020 2018 Yuichiro Tamaki – 204
Keisuke Tsumura – 74
Successor parties: Constitutional Democratic Party (centre-left) and Democratic Party For the People (centre-right)
1 Yuichiro Tamaki (born 1969) Rep for Kagawa 2nd 11 September 2020 Incumbent 2020 Yuichiro Tamaki – 65
Takae Ito – 262023 Yuichiro Tamaki – 80
Seiji Maehara – 31
Abe S. 2012–20
Suga 2020–2021
Kishida 2021–2024
Ishiba 2024–present

Election results

House of Representatives

House of Representatives
Election Leader Candidates Seats Position Constituency votes PR Block votes Government
No. ± Share Number % Number %
2021 Yuichiro Tamaki 27 11 / 465 2.4% 5th 1,246,812 2.17% 2,593,396 4.51% Opposition
2024 42 28 / 465 Increase 17 6.0% Increase 4th 2,349,584 4.33% 6,172,427 11.32% Opposition

House of Councillors

House of Councillors
Election Leader Candidates Seats Position Constituency votes PR Block votes Status
Won ± Share Not up Total No. Share No. Share
2019 Yuichiro Tamaki 6 / 124 4,83% 15 21 / 248 6th 3,256,859 6.47% 3,481,078 6.95% Opposition
Successor parties: Constitutional Democratic Party (centre-left) & Democratic Party For the People (centre-right)
2022 Yuichiro Tamaki 22 5 / 125 4% 5 10 / 248 6th 2,038,655 3.83% 3,159,657 5.96% Opposition

See also

References

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  2. "中道保守こだわり貫く 国民民主党 玉木雄一郎代表(3)". 北國新聞. 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
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  40. "国民民主が立ち位置に苦慮…賃上げは政府と連携、衆院補選では立民に接近". yomiuri. Yomiuri Shimbun. 14 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  41. ^ 綱領 (in Japanese). Democratic Party For the People. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
  42. "【大塚耕平共同代表インタビュー】 国民民主党が目指す改革中道政党とは" (Press release) (in Japanese). DPFP. 5 July 2018. Retrieved February 29, 2020.

Notes

  1. The Upper house is split in two classes, one elected every three years.
  1. Also translatable as "National Democratic Party".
Democratic Party For the People (2018–2020)
Leaders
Leadership elections
Preceding parties
Absorbed party
Successor parties
Italics denote acting leader.
Political parties in Japan Japan
Bracketed numbers indicate numbers of seats in the House of Representatives (Lower House) of the National Diet
Officially recognized
political parties
Government
Opposition
Political organizations with
seats in the National Diet
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