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| '''''Tonnerre''''' was the ] of a ] of two ] ]s built for the ] ({{lang|fr|Marine Nationale}}) in the 1870s. Armed with a main armament of two {{cvt|274.4|mm|1}}/19.75 Modèle 1875 guns mounted in a single ] that had armor {{cvt|300|mm|in|0}} thick, the ship was ] in 1875, the vessel was originally ] into ] at ]. Between 1884 and 1885, the ship served in the Evolution Squadron ({{lang|fr|Escadre d'Evolutions}}) but joined the Northern Squadron ({{lang|fr| Esadre du Nord}}) in 1891. As part of a ] in 1893, the vessel participated in the successful defence of ] against a superior force. As French naval doctrine moved from a fleet of smaller coastal defense ships to larger ocean-going ], the ship ''Tonnerre'' had an uneventful career. | '''''Tonnerre''''' was the ] of a ] of two ] ]s built for the ] ({{lang|fr|Marine Nationale}}) in the 1870s. Armed with a main armament of two {{cvt|274.4|mm|1}}/19.75 Modèle 1875 guns mounted in a single ] that had armor {{cvt|300|mm|in|0}} thick, the ship was ] in 1875, the vessel was originally ] into ] at ]. Between 1884 and 1885, the ship served in the Evolution Squadron ({{lang|fr|Escadre d'Evolutions}}) but joined the Northern Squadron ({{lang|fr| Esadre du Nord}}) in 1891. As part of a ] in 1893, the vessel participated in the successful defence of ] against a superior force. As French naval doctrine moved from a fleet of smaller coastal defense ships to larger ocean-going ], the ship ''Tonnerre'' had an uneventful career. | ||
| French naval doctrine was changing and the focus on coastal defense was being replaced by one of larger sea-going warships. The size of ships was also increasing, and newer, more capable ]s entered service.{{sfn|Paloczi-Horvath|1996|page=50}} After being reboilered and rearmed in 1900, the ship served for five years before being struck on 12 December 1905. After serving as a target at Brest for one year and at Lorient for another twelve, ''Tonnerre'' was retired. The ship was put up for sale at Lorient between 1920 and 1922.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=81}} | |||
| ==Citations== | ==Citations== | ||
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| *{{cite book | last=Campbell | first=N. J. M. | chapter=France | title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 | editor1-last=Chesneau | editor1-first=Roger | editor2-last=Kolesnik | editor2-first=Eugene M. | publisher=Conway Maritime Press | location=Greenwich, UK | year=1979 | isbn= 978-0-85177-133-5 | name-list-style=amp | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2 | pages=282–333}} | *{{cite book | last=Campbell | first=N. J. M. | chapter=France | title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 | editor1-last=Chesneau | editor1-first=Roger | editor2-last=Kolesnik | editor2-first=Eugene M. | publisher=Conway Maritime Press | location=Greenwich, UK | year=1979 | isbn= 978-0-85177-133-5 | name-list-style=amp | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2 | pages=282–333}} | ||
| * {{cite book | last=King | first=J. W. | title=The War-ships and Navies of the World | location=Boston | publisher=A. Williams and Company | year=1881 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_War_ships_and_Navies_of_the_World/9v8_AAAAYAAJ}} | * {{cite book | last=King | first=J. W. | title=The War-ships and Navies of the World | location=Boston | publisher=A. Williams and Company | year=1881 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_War_ships_and_Navies_of_the_World/9v8_AAAAYAAJ}} | ||
| *{{cite book | last=Paloczi-Horvath | first=George | title=From Monitor to Missile Boat: Coast Defence Ships and Coastal Defence Since 1860 | publisher=Naval Institute Press | location=Annapolis, Maryland | year=1996 | isbn=978-1-55750-270-4}} | |||
| *{{cite book | last=Roberts | first=Stephen | title=French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914 | year=2021 | location=Barnsley | publisher=Seaforth Publishing | isbn=978-1-5267-4533-0}} | |||
| {{Tonnerre-class ironclad}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Tonnerre}} | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 10:01, 28 November 2024
Tonnerre was the lead ship of a class of two coastal defense breastwork monitors built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the 1870s. Armed with a main armament of two 274.4 mm (10.8 in)/19.75 Modèle 1875 guns mounted in a single turret that had armor 300 mm (12 in) thick, the ship was Launched in 1875, the vessel was originally commissioned into reserve at Brest. Between 1884 and 1885, the ship served in the Evolution Squadron (Escadre d'Evolutions) but joined the Northern Squadron (Esadre du Nord) in 1891. As part of a naval exercise in 1893, the vessel participated in the successful defence of Cherbourg against a superior force. As French naval doctrine moved from a fleet of smaller coastal defense ships to larger ocean-going battleships, the ship Tonnerre had an uneventful career.
French naval doctrine was changing and the focus on coastal defense was being replaced by one of larger sea-going warships. The size of ships was also increasing, and newer, more capable battleships entered service. After being reboilered and rearmed in 1900, the ship served for five years before being struck on 12 December 1905. After serving as a target at Brest for one year and at Lorient for another twelve, Tonnerre was retired. The ship was put up for sale at Lorient between 1920 and 1922.
Citations
- Paloczi-Horvath 1996, p. 50.
- Roberts 2021, p. 81.
Bibliography
- Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1897). "Part II: British and Foreign Armoured and Unarmoured Ships". The Naval Annual 1897. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 227–335. OCLC 1342523853.
- Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 282–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
- King, J. W. (1881). The War-ships and Navies of the World. Boston: A. Williams and Company.
- Paloczi-Horvath, George (1996). From Monitor to Missile Boat: Coast Defence Ships and Coastal Defence Since 1860. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-270-4.
- Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
| Tonnerre-class ironclads | |
|---|---|