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'''Jijin''' or '''Tsikin''' ''(祭巾)'' was a liturgical headwear permitted for clergy in China during ] and early ] periods as part of the early ] missions' efforts to adapt Catholic liturgical practices to local customs. Following Pope ]'s bull in 1615, the Tsikin replaced the Roman ] and was worn during all liturgical functions, reflecting traditional Chinese cultural values that regarded an uncovered head as a sign of disgrace.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Saavedra |first1=Emanuel Bastias |title=Norms beyond Empire: Law-Making and Local Normativities in Iberian Asia, 1500-1800 |date=2015 |publisher=Brill Publishers}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2018/08/the-chinese-sacrificial-hat-and.html | title=The Chinese Sacrificial Hat, and Reflections on Inculturation in China }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://annemiekhamelink.studio/glimpses-of-my-life/jijin/ | title=Jijin | date=29 July 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Meynard |first1=Thierry |last2=Hongfan |first2=Yang |title=To Wear or Not to Wear a Hat During Mass? The Canton Conference and Giovanni Francesco de Ferrariis SJ's Report of 1668 |date=2021 |publisher=Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu}}</ref> '''Jijin''' or '''Tsikin''' ''(祭巾)'' was a liturgical headwear permitted for clergy in China during ] and early ] periods as part of the early ] missions' efforts to adapt Catholic liturgical practices to local customs. Following Pope ]'s bull in 1615, the Tsikin replaced the Roman ] and was worn during all liturgical functions, reflecting traditional Chinese cultural values that regarded an uncovered head as a sign of disgrace.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Saavedra |first1=Emanuel Bastias |title=Norms beyond Empire: Law-Making and Local Normativities in Iberian Asia, 1500-1800 |date=2015 |publisher=Brill Publishers}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2018/08/the-chinese-sacrificial-hat-and.html | title=The Chinese Sacrificial Hat, and Reflections on Inculturation in China }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://annemiekhamelink.studio/glimpses-of-my-life/jijin/ |first=Annemiek |last=Hamelink | title=Jijin | date=29 July 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Meynard |first1=Thierry |last2=Hongfan |first2=Yang |title=To Wear or Not to Wear a Hat During Mass? The Canton Conference and Giovanni Francesco de Ferrariis SJ's Report of 1668 |date=2021 |publisher=Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu}}</ref>


== See also == == See also ==

Revision as of 15:10, 5 December 2024

Liturgical hat of Catholic Church in China
A priest celebrating Mass wearing a jijin

Jijin or Tsikin (祭巾) was a liturgical headwear permitted for clergy in China during Ming and early Qing periods as part of the early Jesuit missions' efforts to adapt Catholic liturgical practices to local customs. Following Pope Paul V's bull in 1615, the Tsikin replaced the Roman biretta and was worn during all liturgical functions, reflecting traditional Chinese cultural values that regarded an uncovered head as a sign of disgrace.

See also

References

  1. Saavedra, Emanuel Bastias (2015). Norms beyond Empire: Law-Making and Local Normativities in Iberian Asia, 1500-1800. Brill Publishers.
  2. "The Chinese Sacrificial Hat, and Reflections on Inculturation in China".
  3. Hamelink, Annemiek (29 July 2014). "Jijin".
  4. Meynard, Thierry; Hongfan, Yang (2021). To Wear or Not to Wear a Hat During Mass? The Canton Conference and Giovanni Francesco de Ferrariis SJ's Report of 1668. Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu.


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