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The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." In 1968, a sixth prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established.

Hungarians have won 15 Nobel Prizes since 1905. Eight were born in Budapest. Following is a complete list of the Nobel laureates of Hungary, as recognised by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Laureates

Hungarians have received Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Economics – in all fields except Peace.

Also sometimes included

Born in the Kingdom of Hungary (Austro-Hungarian Empire)

• Leopold Ružička (Chemistry 1939) born in Vukovár (until 1920 in Hungary), Syrmia County, in the, Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Kingdom of Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire, mostly (5⁄8) ethnic Croat
• Born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire as Condominium:
• Ivo Andrić, born in Bosnia, Condominium of Austria-Hungary, ethnic Croat
• Vladimir Prelog (Chemistry 1975) born in Sarajevo, Bosnia, Condominium of Austria-Hungary, (mostly) ca 5/9 ethnic Croat

Born abroad

• Elie Wiesel (Peace 1986), Hungarian-Jewish, born in Sighet, former Máramaros County, Transylvania (until 1920 Hungary), Kingdom of Romania
• Alfred Hermann Fried (Peace 1911) Austrian, parents Hungarian-Jewish, father from Szigetvár, Baranya County, mother from Budapest.
• Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (Medicine 1976), US-born, parents from the Kingdom of Hungary, father ethnic Slovak from Büdöskő, Nyitra County, mother ethnic Hungarian from Debrecen
• Milton Friedman (Economics 1976), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish, parents from Beregszász, Bereg County, Kingdom of Hungary
• Hugh David Politzer (Physics 2004), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish; father (Aladár) from Nádszeg, Pozsony County (until 1920 Hungary), Kingdom of Hungary. His mother was also Hungarian-Jewish.

Unsuccessful nominees

One parent Hungarian-born

• George Stigler, (Economics 1982), US-born, hungarianmother (Erzsébet Hungler, from Bakonybél, Veszprém County), the Kingdom of Hungary
• Douglas Osheroff (Physics 1996), US-born, Mother's parents from upper Hungary (now Slovakia) and her fathers father Ondo was a Lutheran priest born in Felvidék, (until 1920 in the Kingdom of Hungary). Ondo/Ondó family name have the highest frequency in Hungary and among hungarians.
• Louise Glück (Literature 2020), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish father (grandparents from Érmihályfalva, Bihar County , Partium, Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary)
• Robert F. Furchgott, (Medicine 1998), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish father; grandfather from Sarlóska, Nyitra county, Felvidék, Kingdom of Hungary, grandmother from Nyitra (now Nitra), Kingdom of Hungary

Curiosa

Not hungarian Nobel Prize winners but some ancestry:

One Grandparent

• Friedrich von Hayek,Austrian, mothers father Franz Ritter von Juraschek born (* 24. Februar 1849 in Arad,Arad CountyCounty of the Kingdom of Hungary Österreich-Ungarn) was an österreichischer Statistiker.
• Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian, grandfather Alexander Bauer on mother's side was born 1890 in Mosonmagyaróvár, Moson County, Kingdom of Hungary.

• Herta Müller, (literature 2009) ethnic German, born 1953 in Niczkyfalva in former Temes County, Banat, Transylvania (until 1920 in Hungary), Mother Gion (french name: possible relative Nándor Gion born in Banat-region ceded to Yougoslavia 1920) born 1928, All grandparents (probably), mothers definitely born in the Kingdom of Hungary
• Stefan Hell, (chemistry 2014) ethnic German born in Arad in former Arad County (until 1920 in Hungary), grandparents probably born in the Kingdom of Hungary
• Jerome Karle American, (chemistry), mother née Kun might have been hungarian-jewish and her mother Ida Rosenbaum was born in the Kingdom of Hungary.

All Scientifical Nobel prizes: Absolute numbers

All prizes are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Rank	Entity	Nobel prizes	Population	Laureates/ 10 million
1	United States	#......	335	...
2	United Kingdom	#..	68,3
3	Germany	#...	82,7	...
4	France	39	68,4	5,7
5	Hungary	22	9,58	23
6	Japan	21	124	1,7
7	Canada	20	41,3
8	Sweden	17	10,5	16,2
9	Switzerland	18	8,9	20
10	Austria	16	9,03	17,7
11	Russia	16	...
12	Netherlands	17	...	...
13	Italy	13	...	...

Place of Birth

• 1. Budapest: (8): von Szent-Györgyi, de Hevesy, von Békésy, Wigner, Gábor, Oláh, Harsányi, Kertész
• 2. New York: (4) Friedman (Hungarian-Jewish), Gajdusek, Politzer (Hungarian-Jewish), Glück (1/2-Hungarian-Jewish)
• 3. Vienna: (3) Fried (Hungarian-Jewish), Bárány, Zsigmondy
• 4. Pozsony von Lenárd

Religion at birth

• Roman Catholics (10): von Lénárd, de Hevesy, Ruzicka (Croat), Prelog (Croat), Andric (Croat) Stigler (RC Hungarian mother), von Békésy, Polányi, Harsányi, Krausz
• Protestants (8): Zsigmondy (Lutheran), Szent-Györgyi (Reformed), Wigner (Lutheran), Gábor (Lutheran), Gajdusek (reformed HUN mother), Osheroff (Lutheran Hungarian mother), Oláh (Reformed), Karikó (Reformed)
• Jewish (9): Bárány (born in Austria), Fried (born in Austria), Wiesel (born in Romania, former Hungarian Transsylvania), Kertész, Herskó, Politzer (born in New York), Glück (born in New York, 1/2-hung.), Furchgott (born in US, 1/2-hung.), Friedman (born in New York, agnostic), Jerome Karle (most probably hungarian jewish mother: Kun (hungarian family name) and her mother definitely hungarian.

References

1. "Hungary's Nobel Prize Winners". Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
2. "Hungary's Nobel Prize Winners". Hungarian Academy of Sciences. 17 February 2016. Archived from the original on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
3. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023" (PDF) (Press release). Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute. 2 October 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
4. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023" (PDF) (Press release). Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 3 October 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
5. ^ Földesi, Katalin (11 December 2018). "Magyar Nobel-díjasok – III. rész" [Hungarian Nobel laureates – part III]. Tudománypláza (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
6. Lampe 2000, p. 91; Hoare 2007, p. 90; Binder 2013, p. 41.
7. "Eugenija Prelog". geni_family_tree. 27 August 2023.
8. "Marija Ana Prelog". geni_family_tree. 24 September 2023.
9. Father 1/2-croat:(Prelog) & 1/2-german:(Riemer). Mother: 2/8-italian (Cettolo) 5/8-croat (Kovacic, Korac), 1/8 german(Mahne)
10. ^ Beck, Mihály. "A Nobel-díj és a magyar Nobel-díjasok" [The Nobel Prize and Hungarian Nobel laureates] (PDF). Budapest Főváros XV. Kerület Rákospalota, Pestújhely, Újpalota Önkormányzata (in Hungarian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
11. ^ "Hány magyar Nobel-díjasunk van?" [How many Hungarian Nobel laureates do we have?]. 24.hu (in Hungarian). 7 October 2021. Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
12. ^ "Magyar Nobel-díjasok" [Hungarian Nobel laureates]. Nemzeti Tudósképző Akadémia (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
13. ^ Beck, Mihály (December 2001). "A magyar Nobel-díjasok" [The Hungarian Nobel laureates]. Magyar Tudomány (in Hungarian). 46 (12). Budapest: Akaprint: 1444–1452. ISSN 0025-0325. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
14. "Samuel Fried". geni_family_tree. 26 April 2022.
15. "Bertha Fried". geni_family_tree. 26 April 2022.
16. Rechcigl Jr., Miloslav (28 September 2021). "Surgeons". American Men and Women in Medicine, Applied Sciences and Engineering with Roots in Czechoslovakia. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse. p. 470. ISBN 978-1-6655-1497-2. LCCN 2021901850. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
17. "Mania (Manyi) Diamant". 16 December 2014. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
18. Manyi, Józsi, Terka etc are hungarian names
19. "Loránd Eötvös". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
20. "V von Schulek". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
21. "Andreas Högyes". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
22. "Josef von Fodor". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
23. "Alexander von Korányi". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
24. "Stephan Apáthy". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
25. "Geza Mansfeld". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
26. "Ladislas de Meduna". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
27. "Hans Selye". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
28. "Miklos Jancsó". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
29. "Franz Kemény". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
30. "Franz (Ferenc) Herczeg". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
31. "Dezsö Szabó". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
32. "Cecile Tormay". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
33. "Gyula Illyés". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
34. "Nomination%20archive%20-%20%20%20". NobelPrize.org. 1 April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
35. "Georg Lukács". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
36. "László Mécs". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
37. "Sándor Weöres". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
38. "Count Albert Apponyi". The Nobel Prize. April 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
39. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1982/stigler/facts/
40. Az 1982-ben Nobel-díjjal jutalmazott amerikai közgazdász, George Stigler édesanyja Bakonypéterden született.eng....his mother was born in Bakonypéterd
41. https://www.kisalfold.hu/helyi-eletstilus/2022/09/nobel-dijas-rokonnal-buszkelkedhet-a-bakonypeterdi-hofstadter-matyas
42. "George J. Stigler". The Nobel Prize. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
43. ^ https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname?surname=ondo
44. "Max Furchgott". Geni. 17 January 2020. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
45. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
46. "Bertha Furchgott". Geni. 17 January 2020. Archived from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
47. https://de.wikipedia.org/Alexander_Bauer_(Chemiker)#/editor/0
48. https://www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at/Alexander_Bauer
49. "Gion Nándor". 5 January 2024 – via Misplaced Pages.
50. "Katharina Müller". geni_family_tree. 3 May 2022.
51. https://www.geni.com/people/Fannie-Ida-Lenzer/6000000002784457377

Sources

• Binder, David (2013). Farewell, Illyria. Budapest, Hungary: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-615-5225-74-1.
• Hoare, Marko Attila (2007). The History of Bosnia: From the Middle Ages to the Present Day. London, England: Saqi. ISBN 978-0-86356-953-1.
• Lampe, John R. (2000) . Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country (2nd ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77401-7.

v t e Nobel Prizes
Lists of Nobel laureates Nobel Prize medal
Prizes	Chemistry Economics Literature Peace Physics Physiology or Medicine
Laureates	by occupation Heads of state and government by year by subject Chemistry Economics Literature Peace Physics Physiology or Medicine by population group Bengali Black Christian Female Jewish Latin American Muslim Non-religious by continent and nationality African Egyptian South African Asian Chinese Filipino Indian Israeli Japanese Korean Pakistani Vietnamese European Belgian Danish German Greek Hungarian Irish Italian Polish Romanian Russian Spanish Swedish Swiss Welsh Oceanian Australian North American American Mexican South American Argentine Brazilian Venezuelan by university City University of New York Columbia University ETH Zurich Harvard University Princeton University Washington University in St. Louis
Nominees	Catholic priests and religious Couples Women by subject Chemistry Economics Literature Peace Individuals Organizations Physics Physiology or Medicine by groups Peace AFSC Nobel nominees PRIO Director's Shortlist by Clarivate Female Chemistry Economics Physics Physiology or Medicine
Organisations	Nobel Foundation Nobel Committees Chemistry Economics Literature Physics Physiology or Medicine Norwegian Nobel Committee Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute
Related	Controversies Alfred Nobel Björkborn Manor Nobel Laboratory Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates Prizes known as the "Nobel" of their fields
Nobel Memorial Prize (not one of the original Nobel Prizes).

• Hungarian Nobel laureates
• Lists of Hungarian people
• Lists of Nobel laureates by nationality