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==Bibliography== ==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |last1=Chapman |first1=Alvan Wentworth |last2=Eaton |first2=Daniel Cady |title=Flora of the southern United States |date=1865 |publisher=Ivison, Phinney & Co. |location=New York |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/7711 |access-date=13 December 2024}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Biographical note on Dr. Ferdinand Rugel, American botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1948 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=113–119|url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol16/iss2/5/ |access-date=11 December 2024}} * {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Biographical note on Dr. Ferdinand Rugel, American botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1948 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=113–119|url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol16/iss2/5/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Note: Birthplace of Ferdinand Rugel (1806-79), early southern botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1950 |volume=18 |issue=3 |page=112 |url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol18/iss3/2/ |access-date=11 December 2024}} * {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Note: Birthplace of Ferdinand Rugel (1806-79), early southern botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1950 |volume=18 |issue=3 |page=112 |url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol18/iss3/2/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}

Revision as of 14:42, 13 December 2024

German-American botanist (1806-1879)
Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel
Born(1806-12-17)17 December 1806
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Died31 January 1879(1879-01-31) (aged 72)
Jefferson County, Tennessee, US
CitizenshipGermany (by birth), United States (by marriage)
SpouseLaura Bell
Scientific career
Fieldspharmacy, botany
Author abbrev. (botany)Rugel

Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel (17 December 1806 – 31 January 1879) was a German-born American pharmacist, botanist, and plant collector.

Life

Ferdinand Rugel was born on 17 December 1806 in Wolfegg, a municipality in the district of Ravensburg in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. He died on 31 January 1879 in Jefferson County, Tennessee, US. He was buried at the Westminster Presbyterian Church Cemetery in the town of White Pine, Tennessee. The inscription on his gravestone states he was born on 24 December 1806 but that is in fact incorrect.

Rugel was a very active plant collector in Europe and the United States. In Europe, he collected plant specimens in Switzerland, France, Spain, and Sicily. After emigrating to the United States in 1840, he collected widely throughout the southeastern United States during the period 1840–1848 under the direction of R.J. Shuttleworth. He also collected in Cuba in 1849, severing his ties with Shuttleworth in the same year. After 1850, he collected occasionally in Tennessee and Texas. In 1878, he collected in Travis County, Texas but his collection trip was cut short by a case of boils (furunculosis).

Legacy

Dozens of taxa have been named in honor of Ferdinand Rugel, including Rugelia nudicaulis, Plantago rugelii, and Trillium rugelii. In particular, the American physician and botanist Alvan Wentworth Chapman described genus Rugelia in 1860. In his description, he attributed the name Rugelia (as well as the name Rugelia nudicaulis) to R.J. Shuttleworth. Most of the taxon names honoring Rugel were named by Shuttleworth, who generally left the descriptions to other botanists. Rugel himself named a handful of taxa, the best known being Lithospermum tuberosum Rugel ex A.DC.

See also

The standard author abbreviation Rugel is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

References

  1. Geiser (1948), p. 114.
  2. Geiser (1950).
  3. Geiser (1948), p. 117.
  4. Geiser (1948), pp. 115–117.
  5. Stafleu & Cowan (1983), pp. 979–980.
  6. Geiser (1948), p. 118.
  7. "Search for 'rugelia'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  8. "Search for 'rugelii'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  9. "Rugelia Shuttlew. ex Chapm.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  10. "Search for 'rugel'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  11. "Lithospermum tuberosum Rugel ex A.DC.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  12. International Plant Names Index.  Rugel.

Bibliography

External links

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