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| '''Bureau of Commercial Economics''' was an American non-profit, non-governmental organization established in 1913 with headquarters in ] Its |
'''Bureau of Commercial Economics''' ('''BCE''') was an American non-profit, non-governmental organization established in 1913 with headquarters in ] Its object was the lending of educational and industrial moving picture films for free display. The bureau was unofficial for the reason that to be officially a part of any government would preclude the possibility of carrying on its work in foreign countries or displaying foreign films locally. It was, however, affiliated with the educational institutions, thus facilitating a general movement in universal public instruction.<ref name="Colliers1917">{{cite journal |editor1-last=Sullivan |editor1-first=Mark |title=Collier's Washington Bureau, Free MOvies |journal=Collier's |date=27 January 1917 |page=34 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bmlNAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA3-PA34 |access-date=24 December 2024 |publisher=P.F. Collier |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref> | ||
| ==History== | |||
| ⚫ | It was an association of the governments, institutions, manufacturers, producers, transportation lines and individuals of the United States and foreign countries, to engage in disseminating geographical, commercial, industrial, vocational welfare and public health information by the graphic method of ]. The requirements were: payment of transportation charges, use of standard motion picture projectors by competent operators, reports of films used and attendance after each performance, immediate return of films used, and no admission fee to be charged. The BCE cooperated with schools and public officials throughout the U.S.<ref name="Notes1918">{{cite journal |title=Agencies Interested in the Educational Film|journal=Municipal Reference Library Notes |date=26 June 1918 |page=339 |volume=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KpFAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA339 |access-date=24 December 2024 |publisher=Municipal Reference Library, Branch of the New York Public Library |language=en}}</ref> The service of the Bureau was available in Canada, Latin American Republics, India, China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, with titles and sub-titles of all films in the language of the countries addressed.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> | ||
| After eighteen years of being blind or near-blind, a man recovered his sight and, in gratitude for this, decided to devote the remainder of his life to broadening the views of others and enabling them to see and appreciate the wonders of the world, even though they may never travel far from their homes. In time, his vision materialized into the BCE. At first, the founder, Mr. Francis Holley, maintained the work at his own expense. Its growth made it necessary for him to give others the opportunity to participate in the philanthropic work. | |||
| <ref name="Colliers1917" /> | |||
| ==Administration== | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | The work of the Bureau was perpetuated through the election of its directing officers by an advisory council composed of college presidents and men in science and letters.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> Anita Maris Boggs served as director.<ref name="Improvement1926" /> | ||
| The Bureau was maintained through contributions and annuities. Contributions were invariably voluntary, and no one was authorized to solicit the same or in any way whatsoever to sell the circulation of the Bureau. No film was shown for a money consideration under any circumstances, nor was preference given a film or a subject on account of a contribution. Contributions were received and acceptable only to an amount sufficient to cover transportation charges, insurance and upkeep of the films, and the incidental expenses of administration, as the Bureau was not operated for profit and had no capital stock.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> | The Bureau was maintained through contributions and annuities. Contributions were invariably voluntary, and no one was authorized to solicit the same or in any way whatsoever to sell the circulation of the Bureau. No film was shown for a money consideration under any circumstances, nor was preference given a film or a subject on account of a contribution. Contributions were received and acceptable only to an amount sufficient to cover transportation charges, insurance and upkeep of the films, and the incidental expenses of administration, as the Bureau was not operated for profit and had no capital stock.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> | ||
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| Miscellaneous publications were issued from time to time.<ref name="Improvement1926" /> | Miscellaneous publications were issued from time to time.<ref name="Improvement1926" /> | ||
| ==Objectives== | |||
| ⚫ | The work of the Bureau was perpetuated through the election of its directing officers by an advisory council composed of college presidents and men in science and letters.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> Anita Maris Boggs served as director.<ref name="Improvement1926" /> | ||
| The purpose of the BCE was the promotion of international amity and the free dissemination of information by means of educational films, lectures, and printed matter of a strictly educational nature to all parts of the world. Membership was open to individuals, universities, organizations of established credit, and governments. <ref name="Improvement1926">{{cite book |last1=Reed |first1=Alfred Zantzinger |last2=Windes |first2=Eustace Evan |last3=Ganders |first3=Harry Stanley |last4=Waite |first4=Mary G. |last5=National Committee on Research in Secondary Education (U.S.) |last6=Shelby |first6=Thomas Hall |last7=United States Bureau of Education Library Division |last8=United States Office of Education |last9=Greenleaf |first9=Walter James |title=Improvement of Instruction in Rural Schools Through Professional Supervision: Abstracts of Addresses Delivered at the First Conference of Supervisors of the Southeastern States, Held at Nashville, Tenn., December 14 and 15, 1925 |date=1926 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=22 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f5VEvCN1nf4C&pg=RA5-PA22 |access-date=24 December 2024 |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | It was an association of the governments, institutions, manufacturers, producers, transportation lines and individuals of the United States and foreign countries, to engage in disseminating geographical, commercial, industrial, vocational welfare and public health information by the graphic method of ]. The requirements were: payment of transportation charges, use of standard motion picture projectors by competent operators, reports of films used and attendance after each performance, immediate return of films used, and no admission fee to be charged. The BCE cooperated with schools and public officials throughout the U.S.<ref name="Notes1918">{{cite journal |title=Agencies Interested in the Educational Film|journal=Municipal Reference Library Notes |date=26 June 1918 |page=339 |volume=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KpFAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA339 |access-date=24 December 2024 |publisher=Municipal Reference Library, Branch of the New York Public Library |language=en}}</ref> The service of the Bureau was available in Canada, Latin American Republics, India, China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, with titles and sub-titles of all films in the language of the countries addressed.<ref name="Bureau1915" /> | ||
| The BCE engaged in disseminating geographical, commercial, industrial and vocational information by the graphic method of motography, showing how things in common use were made or produced, and under what conditions. Its aim was to show through the films the production of articles in common use, to reveal the sources of supply, and to follow the raw material to the finished product. <ref name="Colliers1917" /> T | |||
| ⚫ | he Bureau displayed its reels and slides in universities, colleges, technical and agricultural schools, public libraries, state armories, high schools, people's institutes, public institutions, state granges, settlement houses, missions, chambers of commerce, boards of trade, commercial clubs, rotary clubs, trade conventions, welfare forums of corporations, fraternal organizations; also with powerful projectors, operated from auto trucks, in parks, playgrounds, rural communities and other centers for the general public. They were available, however, only when admittance to the public was free. For large audiences, the Bureau provided, without expense, special lecturers.<ref name="Bureau1915">{{cite book |author1=Bureau of Commercial Economics |title=Department of Public Instruction |date=1915 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yR5KAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 |access-date=24 December 2024 |publisher=Ferris & Leach |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref> | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 12:05, 24 December 2024
Bureau of Commercial Economics (BCE) was an American non-profit, non-governmental organization established in 1913 with headquarters in Washington, D.C. Its object was the lending of educational and industrial moving picture films for free display. The bureau was unofficial for the reason that to be officially a part of any government would preclude the possibility of carrying on its work in foreign countries or displaying foreign films locally. It was, however, affiliated with the educational institutions, thus facilitating a general movement in universal public instruction.
History
After eighteen years of being blind or near-blind, a man recovered his sight and, in gratitude for this, decided to devote the remainder of his life to broadening the views of others and enabling them to see and appreciate the wonders of the world, even though they may never travel far from their homes. In time, his vision materialized into the BCE. At first, the founder, Mr. Francis Holley, maintained the work at his own expense. Its growth made it necessary for him to give others the opportunity to participate in the philanthropic work.
Administration
The work of the Bureau was perpetuated through the election of its directing officers by an advisory council composed of college presidents and men in science and letters. Anita Maris Boggs served as director.
The Bureau was maintained through contributions and annuities. Contributions were invariably voluntary, and no one was authorized to solicit the same or in any way whatsoever to sell the circulation of the Bureau. No film was shown for a money consideration under any circumstances, nor was preference given a film or a subject on account of a contribution. Contributions were received and acceptable only to an amount sufficient to cover transportation charges, insurance and upkeep of the films, and the incidental expenses of administration, as the Bureau was not operated for profit and had no capital stock.
Miscellaneous publications were issued from time to time.
Objectives
The purpose of the BCE was the promotion of international amity and the free dissemination of information by means of educational films, lectures, and printed matter of a strictly educational nature to all parts of the world. Membership was open to individuals, universities, organizations of established credit, and governments.
It was an association of the governments, institutions, manufacturers, producers, transportation lines and individuals of the United States and foreign countries, to engage in disseminating geographical, commercial, industrial, vocational welfare and public health information by the graphic method of motography. The requirements were: payment of transportation charges, use of standard motion picture projectors by competent operators, reports of films used and attendance after each performance, immediate return of films used, and no admission fee to be charged. The BCE cooperated with schools and public officials throughout the U.S. The service of the Bureau was available in Canada, Latin American Republics, India, China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, with titles and sub-titles of all films in the language of the countries addressed.
The BCE engaged in disseminating geographical, commercial, industrial and vocational information by the graphic method of motography, showing how things in common use were made or produced, and under what conditions. Its aim was to show through the films the production of articles in common use, to reveal the sources of supply, and to follow the raw material to the finished product. T
he Bureau displayed its reels and slides in universities, colleges, technical and agricultural schools, public libraries, state armories, high schools, people's institutes, public institutions, state granges, settlement houses, missions, chambers of commerce, boards of trade, commercial clubs, rotary clubs, trade conventions, welfare forums of corporations, fraternal organizations; also with powerful projectors, operated from auto trucks, in parks, playgrounds, rural communities and other centers for the general public. They were available, however, only when admittance to the public was free. For large audiences, the Bureau provided, without expense, special lecturers.
References
- ^ Sullivan, Mark, ed. (27 January 1917). "Collier's Washington Bureau, Free MOvies". Collier's. P.F. Collier: 34. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Bureau of Commercial Economics (1915). Department of Public Instruction. Ferris & Leach. Retrieved 24 December 2024. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Reed, Alfred Zantzinger; Windes, Eustace Evan; Ganders, Harry Stanley; Waite, Mary G.; National Committee on Research in Secondary Education (U.S.); Shelby, Thomas Hall; United States Bureau of Education Library Division; United States Office of Education; Greenleaf, Walter James (1926). Improvement of Instruction in Rural Schools Through Professional Supervision: Abstracts of Addresses Delivered at the First Conference of Supervisors of the Southeastern States, Held at Nashville, Tenn., December 14 and 15, 1925. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 22. Retrieved 24 December 2024. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Agencies Interested in the Educational Film". Municipal Reference Library Notes. 4. Municipal Reference Library, Branch of the New York Public Library: 339. 26 June 1918. Retrieved 24 December 2024.