Emperor of Hindustan: Difference between revisions

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	'''Emperor of Hindustan''' sometimes also translated as '''''Emperor of India'''''<ref group="Note">Only during the period of the ] during and after the ].</ref> was an ] used by the ]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Larned \|first=Josephus Nelson \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJE3AQAAMAAJ&dq=%22sultan+of+hindustan%22&pg=PA1706 \|title=History for Ready Reference: From the Best Historians, Biographers, and Specialists; Their Own Words in a Complete System of History ... \|date=1895 \|publisher=C.A. Nichols Company \|language=en}}</ref> and the ]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Hindustan) \|first=Jahangir (Emperor of \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T_QNAQAAMAAJ&q=%22emperor+of+hindustan%22 \|title=The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India \|date=1999 \|publisher=Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery \|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-u9tAAAAMAAJ \|title=Journal of Historical Research \|date=1983 \|publisher=Department of History, Ranchi University. \|language=en}}</ref> to signify their ] over ] and later the ].		'''Emperor of Hindustan''' sometimes also translated as '''''Emperor of India'''''<ref group="Note">Only during the period of the ] during and after the ].</ref> was an ] used by the ]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Larned \|first=Josephus Nelson \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJE3AQAAMAAJ&dq=%22sultan+of+hindustan%22&pg=PA1706 \|title=History for Ready Reference: From the Best Historians, Biographers, and Specialists; Their Own Words in a Complete System of History ... \|date=1895 \|publisher=C.A. Nichols Company \|language=en}}</ref> and the ]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Hindustan) \|first=Jahangir (Emperor of \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T_QNAQAAMAAJ&q=%22emperor+of+hindustan%22 \|title=The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India \|date=1999 \|publisher=Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery \|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-u9tAAAAMAAJ \|title=Journal of Historical Research \|date=1983 \|publisher=Department of History, Ranchi University. \|language=en}}</ref> to signify their ] over ] and later the ].
	], First independent ''Emperor of ].'']]		], First independent ''Emperor of ].'']]
	], last ''Emperor of Hindustan'' before colonial rule.]]		], last ''Emperor of Hindustan'' before colonial rule.]]
	The ] was simultaneously used for ] and the ] during the ].		The ] was simultaneously used for ] and the ] during the ]. During the rule of the ] in the 16th century, the term was equivalent to ''].''

			Even after Mughal rule had collapsed, by about 1720, the other powers in India, such as the ], the British ] and many others, continued to use the title in certain contexts until the Mughal Empire was formally abolished in 1858. For example, the East India Company issues coinage in the name of the "emperor", and bearing this title, until then.
	During the rule of the ] in the 16th century, the term was equivalent to ''].''

	== History ==		== History ==

Revision as of 16:46, 26 December 2024

Not to be confused with Emperor of India.

Emperor of Hindustan sometimes also translated as Emperor of India was an imperial title used by the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire to signify their sovereignity over Northern India and later the Indian subcontinent.

The term was simultaneously used for Northern India and the Indian subcontinent during the Medieval period. During the rule of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the term was equivalent to Emperor of India.

Even after Mughal rule had collapsed, by about 1720, the other powers in India, such as the Maratha Confederacy, the British East India Company and many others, continued to use the title in certain contexts until the Mughal Empire was formally abolished in 1858. For example, the East India Company issues coinage in the name of the "emperor", and bearing this title, until then.

History

Delhi Sultanate

After the Delhi Sultanate gained independence from the Ghurid Empire, it called its land Hindustan, representing its sovereignity over Northern India (Punjab and the Indo-Gangetic plains) and later the Indian subcontinent.

Scholar Bratindra Nath Mukherjee states that during the Delhi Sultanate, Hindustan simultaneously represented Northern India as well as the entire Indian subcontinent.

Mughal Empire

The Delhi Sultanate was succeeded by the Mughal Empire, which called its polity Hindustan. By this period, Hindustan had come to mean the entirety of the Indian subcontinent rather than only Northern India.